如何指定要使用的 API 数据？

Question

我正在开发一项 Alexa 技能（使用 v2 和 javascript），我正在尝试向美国农业部 API 拨打 API GET 电话。

此时我从 here and I'm using the USDA API example from here copy/pasted（有一些小的改动）。作为尝试让连接正常工作，return 任何证明它有效的东西。

我目前收到的错误是： Error handled: TypeError: Cannot read property 'generalSearchInput' of undefined at Object.handle (/var/task/index.js:39:32) at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:68:7)

在错误发生之前，我得到了 return of: 美国农业部 API 中关于 Cottage Cheese 的每个条目，即 I.E. 与 console.log(response) 相比 太多了。我只想要第一个，甚至只是名字。

控制台日志告诉我，我正在接收从呼叫返回的数据，所以我知道它正在工作。我的问题是：如何将 speechOutput 设置为我需要的特定信息，而不是 returned 的整个 API 对象？

我要找的speechOutput应该是： Cottage Cheese

我收到的响应是： Alexa 的输出说：

Sorry, I had trouble doing what you asked. Please try again

index.js

const Alexa = require('ask-sdk-core');

const LaunchRequestHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'LaunchRequest';
    },
    handle(handlerInput) {
        const speakOutput = 'Welcome to food points! What food would you like to know about?';
        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            .reprompt(speakOutput)
            .getResponse();
    }
};
const FoodPointsIntentHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'IntentRequest'
            && Alexa.getIntentName(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'FoodPointsIntent';
    },
    async handle(handlerInput) {
        console.log("THIS.EVENT = " + JSON.stringify(this.event));
        var speakOutput = 'Sorry, there was an error';
        //var https = require('https');
        const { requestEnvelope } = handlerInput;
        const userInput = Alexa.getSlotValue(requestEnvelope, 'FoodQuery');

        const response = await httpGet();

        console.log(response);

            /*
            const food = userInput;
            speakOutput = food;
        */
        speakOutput = response.value.generalSearchInput;
        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            //.reprompt('add a reprompt if you want to keep the session open for the user to respond')
            .getResponse();

    }
};
const TestIntentHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'IntentRequest'
            && Alexa.getIntentName(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'TestIntent';
    },
    handle(handlerInput) {
        console.log("THIS.EVENT = " + JSON.stringify(this.event));
        var speakOutput = 'Sorry, there was an error';
        const { requestEnvelope } = handlerInput;
        const userInput = Alexa.getSlotValue(requestEnvelope, 'TestQuery');

            const food = userInput;
            speakOutput = food;

        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            //.reprompt('add a reprompt if you want to keep the session open for the user to respond')
            .getResponse();
    }
};

function httpGet() {
  return new Promise(((resolve, reject) => {
    var options = {
        host: 'api.nal.usda.gov',
        port: 443,
        path: '/fdc/v1/foods/search?api_key=DEMO_KEY&query=Cheddar%20Cheese',
        method: 'GET',
    };
    var https = require('https');

    const request = https.request(options, (response) => {
      response.setEncoding('utf8');
      let returnData = '';

      response.on('data', (chunk) => {
        returnData += chunk;
      });

      response.on('end', () => {
        resolve(JSON.parse(returnData));
      });

      response.on('error', (error) => {
        reject(error);
      });
    });
    request.end();
  }));
}

/****************************REMEMBER TO UPDATE THIS*************************/
const HelpIntentHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'IntentRequest'
            && Alexa.getIntentName(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'AMAZON.HelpIntent';
    },
    handle(handlerInput) {
        const speakOutput = 'You can say hello to me! How can I help?';

        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            .reprompt(speakOutput)
            .getResponse();
    }
};
const CancelAndStopIntentHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'IntentRequest'
            && (Alexa.getIntentName(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'AMAZON.CancelIntent'
                || Alexa.getIntentName(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'AMAZON.StopIntent');
    },
    handle(handlerInput) {
        const speakOutput = 'Goodbye!';
        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            .getResponse();
    }
};
const SessionEndedRequestHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'SessionEndedRequest';
    },
    handle(handlerInput) {
        // Any cleanup logic goes here.
        return handlerInput.responseBuilder.getResponse();
    }
};

// The intent reflector is used for interaction model testing and debugging.
// It will simply repeat the intent the user said. You can create custom handlers
// for your intents by defining them above, then also adding them to the request
// handler chain below.
const IntentReflectorHandler = {
    canHandle(handlerInput) {
        return Alexa.getRequestType(handlerInput.requestEnvelope) === 'IntentRequest';
    },
    handle(handlerInput) {
        const intentName = Alexa.getIntentName(handlerInput.requestEnvelope);
        const speakOutput = `You just triggered ${intentName}`;

        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            //.reprompt('add a reprompt if you want to keep the session open for the user to respond')
            .getResponse();
    }
};

// Generic error handling to capture any syntax or routing errors. If you receive an error
// stating the request handler chain is not found, you have not implemented a handler for
// the intent being invoked or included it in the skill builder below.
const ErrorHandler = {
    canHandle() {
        return true;
    },
    handle(handlerInput, error) {
        console.log(`~~~~ Error handled: ${error.stack}`);
        const speakOutput = `Sorry, I had trouble doing what you asked. Please try again.`;

        return handlerInput.responseBuilder
            .speak(speakOutput)
            .reprompt(speakOutput)
            .getResponse();
    }
};

// The SkillBuilder acts as the entry point for your skill, routing all request and response
// payloads to the handlers above. Make sure any new handlers or interceptors you've
// defined are included below. The order matters - they're processed top to bottom.
exports.handler = Alexa.SkillBuilders.custom()
    .addRequestHandlers(
        LaunchRequestHandler,
        FoodPointsIntentHandler,
        TestIntentHandler,
        HelpIntentHandler,
        CancelAndStopIntentHandler,
        SessionEndedRequestHandler,
        IntentReflectorHandler, // make sure IntentReflectorHandler is last so it doesn't override your custom intent handlers
    )
    .addErrorHandlers(
        ErrorHandler,
    )
    .lambda();

Answer 1

我想通了。希望这可以帮助可能被卡住的人。

我错误地调用了 API 数据。

完成我需要的代码

var nvArray = [];

        for(var i = 0; i < response.foods[0].foodNutrients.length; i++) {
            var nvArrayString = [response.foods[0].foodNutrients[i].nutrientName] + '';
            var nvShortString = nvArrayString.split(',', 1);
            nvArray.push(nvShortString);
        }

        var nvArraySpeakOutputString = nvArray.join();

修复我的错误的实际代码

response.foods[0].foodNutrients[i].nutrientName

我正在查看提供给我的数据的错误部分，因此调用了一些不存在的东西，即 response.value.generalSearchInput。

可能有用的其他信息

使用

nvArray 以便我可以将数据中的多个变量放在一个地方（使用 push 和 pop）。

这允许我在每次循环运行时将数据 split 分成更短的部分（用于防止输出成为每个项目的文本墙）。

nvArraySpeakOutputString 是 nvArray join 的组合，允许 Alexa 将所有内容作为一个变量来表达，让我不必输入

varA + '. next ' + varB

依此类推。

无论如何，希望这对某些人有所帮助！

如何指定要使用的 API 数据？

How do I specify which API data I want to use?

javascript

rest

alexa

alexa-skill

alexa-skills-kit