更新数组和内部数组中匹配的所有对象

Question

我有这个文档结构

{
    "_id": <OBJECT_ID>,
    "orders": [
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 3,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 2,
              "handleName": "Maria Gigante",
              "orderAmount": 2,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 3,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "John Doe"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         }
    ]
}

我想更新 1 的 userId 和 John Doe 的 handleName 的所有对象。请注意，对象可以具有相同的句柄名称但不同的用户 ID。这就是为什么我需要先将它与 userId 匹配。

例如我想将句柄名称更改为Donald Stark

我想要这样的结果：

{
    "_id": <OBJECT_ID>,
    "orders": [
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "Donald Stark",
              "orderAmount": 3,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 2,
              "handleName": "Maria Gigante",
              "orderAmount": 2,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "Donald Stark",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         },
         {
              "userId": 3,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4,
              "others": [
                   {
                        "userId": 1,
                        "handleName": "Donald Stark"
                   },
                   {
                        "userId": 2,
                        "handleName": "Maria Gigante"
                   }
              ]
         }
    ]
}

这是如何实现的？

更新：我忘了我还有另一个我也想更新的内部数组。

Answer 1

这样的事情能解决您的问题吗？

d = {
    "_id": <OBJECT_ID>,
    "orders": [
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 3
         },
         {
              "userId": 2,
              "handleName": "Maria Gigante",
              "orderAmount": 2
         },
         {
              "userId": 1,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4
         },
         {
              "userId": 3,
              "handleName": "John Doe",
              "orderAmount": 4
         }
    ]
}

def change_name(usr_id, old_name, new_name):
    for usr in d['orders']:
        if usr['userId'] == usr_id and usr['handleName'] == old_name:
            usr['handleName'] = new_name

change_name(1, 'John Doe', 'Donald Stark')

Answer 2

我们可以使用$[identifier]运算符来更新数组中的特定对象

所以您的更新查询应该类似于

db.collection.updateOne(
    { _id: <OBJECT_ID> }, // filter part, add the real objectId here
    { $set: { 'orders.$[order].handleName': 'Donald Stark' } }, // update part
    { arrayFilters: [{ 'order.userId': 1, 'order.handleName': 'John Doe' }] 
})

$[order] 仅更新与数组 filters

中的条件匹配的对象

更新

如果你有一个内部数组，并且你需要对内部数组中的元素做同样的事情，我们可以使用类似的东西

db.collection.updateOne(
    { _id: <OBJECT_ID> }, // filter part, add the real objectId here
    { $set: { 
        'orders.$[order].handleName': 'Donald Stark', // to set the handleName in the elements of the outer array
        'orders.$[].others.$[other].handleName': 'Donald Stark' // to set the handleName in the elements of the inner array
    } },
    { arrayFilters: [{ 'order.userId': 1, 'order.handleName': 'John Doe' }, { 'other.userId': 1, 'other.handleName': 'John Doe' }] }
)

我们使用$[]遍历订单数组中的所有元素，然后使用$[other]根据数组过滤器[=15]中的新条件更新内部数组中的特定元素=]

希望对您有所帮助

更新数组和内部数组中匹配的所有对象

Update all objects in array and inner array that match

python

mongodb

mongodb-query

pymongo

aws-documentdb

更新