在 C++ 中获取嵌套 JSON 数组和矩阵

Getting nested JSON arrays and matrices in C++

我必须使用 C++ 从 JSON 文件中读取一些数据。经过一些研究,我发现 Boost 属性 Tree 是最受推荐的方法,我能够将它和 运行 简单的字符串结合起来。但是,当涉及到深层嵌套数组和矩阵时,我找不到适合我的解决方案。

这就是我的 JSON 文件的样子。可以有多个 "objects" 每个数据:

{
    "some_data":
    {
        (...)
    },
    "objects": [
        {
            "name": "Some name",
            "id": 0,
            "array": [ 1.9352999925613403, -1.0619000196456909, 38.685501098632813 ],
            "matrix": [
                [ -0.74119997024536133, -0.56959998607635498, 0.35519999265670776, 0 ],
                [ 0.61210000514984131, -0.35649999976158142, 0.70579999685287476, 0 ],
                [ 0.27540001273155212, -0.74059998989105225, -0.6129000186920166, 0 ],
                [ 1.9352999925613403, -1.0619000196456909, 38.685501098632813, 1 ]
            ],
            (...)
        },
        (...)
    ]
}

我使用以下代码成功检索存储在字符串 "name" 中的数据(两个循环都工作正常):

#include <iostream>
#include <boost/property_tree/ptree.hpp>
#include <boost/property_tree/json_parser.hpp>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>

int main() {
    boost::property_tree::ptree root;
    boost::property_tree::read_json("dataFile.json", root);
    std::string name;

    BOOST_FOREACH(boost::property_tree::ptree::value_type& v, root.get_child("objects")) {
        name =  v.second.get<std::string>("name");
    }

    for(boost::property_tree::ptree::value_type& v : root.get_child("objects")) {
        name =  v.second.get<std::string>("name");
    }

    return 0;
}

是否有类似的方法或对我的代码进行一些扩展,使我能够获取数组和矩阵的值?我无法在迭代 "objects" 的循环中嵌套另一个 for(each) 循环,但也无法立即获取数组或矩阵数据。

提前感谢您的帮助!

就像我在评论中警告的那样,Boost 属性 Tree 不是 JSON 库。这并不意味着你在这里要求的是不可能的。

有可能。让我们选择 ArrayMatrix 定义:

using Array = std::array<double, 3>;
using Matrix = std::array<std::array<double, 4>, 4>;

我的首选策略(而不是使用来自 属性 Tree 的 Translators 框架)是编写程序助手:

void read(ptree const& pt, double& into);
void read(ptree const& pt, Array& into);
void read(ptree const& pt, Matrix& into);

事实上,我们可以在同一个实现中捕获两者 Array/Matrix:

void read(ptree const& pt, double& into) {
    into = pt.get_value<double>();
}

template <typename ArrayOrMatrix>
void read(ptree const& pt, ArrayOrMatrix& into) {
    auto elements = pt.equal_range(""); // unnamed elements

    assert(boost::size(elements) == into.size());
    auto out = into.begin();
    for (auto& [_,v] : boost::make_iterator_range(elements)) {
        read(v, *out++);
    }
}

现在我们可以简单地把我们的程序写成:

boost::property_tree::ptree pt;
read_json(iss, pt);

for (auto& [_,obj] : pt.get_child("objects")) {
    std::cout << "Reading object " << std::quoted(obj.get<std::string>("name")) << "\n";
    Array a;
    Matrix m;

    read(obj.get_child("array"), a);
    read(obj.get_child("matrix"), m);
}

看到了Live On Coliru

#include <boost/property_tree/json_parser.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cassert>

using boost::property_tree::ptree;

using Array = std::array<double, 3>;
using Matrix = std::array<std::array<double, 4>, 4>;

void read(ptree const& pt, double& into) {
    into = pt.get_value<double>();
}

template <typename ArrayOrMatrix>
void read(ptree const& pt, ArrayOrMatrix& into) {
    auto elements = pt.equal_range(""); // unnamed elements

    assert(boost::size(elements) == into.size());
    auto out = into.begin();
    for (auto& [_,v] : boost::make_iterator_range(elements)) {
        read(v, *out++);
    }
}

int main() {

    std::istringstream iss(R"({
    "some_data":
    {
    },
    "objects": [
        {
            "name": "Some name",
            "id": 0,
            "array": [ 1.9352999925613403, -1.0619000196456909, 38.685501098632813 ],
            "matrix": [
                [ -0.74119997024536133, -0.56959998607635498, 0.35519999265670776, 0 ],
                [ 0.61210000514984131, -0.35649999976158142, 0.70579999685287476, 0 ],
                [ 0.27540001273155212, -0.74059998989105225, -0.6129000186920166, 0 ],
                [ 1.9352999925613403, -1.0619000196456909, 38.685501098632813, 1 ]
            ],
            "more": {}
        }
    ]
})");

    boost::property_tree::ptree pt;
    read_json(iss, pt);

    for (auto& [_,obj] : pt.get_child("objects")) {
        std::cout << "Reading object " << std::quoted(obj.get<std::string>("name")) << "\n";
        Array a;
        Matrix m;

        read(obj.get_child("array"), a);
        read(obj.get_child("matrix"), m);
    }

    //write_json(std::cout, pt);
}

打印:

Reading object "Some name"