Spring 数据 JDBC 无法识别 Firebird 方言
Spring Data JDBC Firebird dialect not recognized
我正在尝试使用 Spring 数据 JDBC 和 Spring 引导连接到 Firebird 数据库。
我使用 Spring 工具创建了一个简单的应用程序。 Spring 数据 JDBC 无法识别方言。我认为问题在于 DialectResolver 不支持 Firebird。
private static Dialect getDialect(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
DatabaseMetaData metaData = connection.getMetaData();
String name = metaData.getDatabaseProductName().toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
if (name.contains("hsql")) {
return HsqlDbDialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("h2")) {
return H2Dialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("mysql")) { // catches also mariadb
return new MySqlDialect(getIdentifierProcessing(metaData));
}
if (name.contains("postgresql")) {
return PostgresDialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("microsoft")) {
return SqlServerDialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("db2")) {
return Db2Dialect.INSTANCE;
}
return null;
}
我是 Java 和 Spring Boot 的新手。有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'jdbcConverter' defined in class path resource [com/example/relationaldataaccess/ApplicationConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'jdbcConverter' parameter 4; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jdbcDialect' defined in class path resource [com/example/relationaldataaccess/ApplicationConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect]: Factory method 'jdbcDialect' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:798) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:539) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean[=13=](AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:895) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:878) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:750) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.Relationaldataaccess1Application.main(Relationaldataaccess1Application.java:10) [classes/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jdbcDialect' defined in class path resource [com/example/relationaldataaccess/ApplicationConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect]: Factory method 'jdbcDialect' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:656) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:636) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean[=13=](AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1306) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:885) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:789) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 20 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect]: Factory method 'jdbcDialect' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:651) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 34 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver.lambda$getDialect(DialectResolver.java:76) ~[spring-data-jdbc-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at java.util.Optional.orElseThrow(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver.getDialect(DialectResolver.java:75) ~[spring-data-jdbc-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.AbstractJdbcConfiguration.jdbcDialect(AbstractJdbcConfiguration.java:144) ~[spring-data-jdbc-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.ApplicationConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$ef57e7e.CGLIB$jdbcDialect(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.ApplicationConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$ef57e7e$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f93edce9.invoke(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:244) ~[spring-core-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:331) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.ApplicationConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$ef57e7e.jdbcDialect(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 35 common frames omitted
application.properties
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:firebirdsql://localhost:3051/C:\example.fbd?sql_dialect=3
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.firebirdsql.jdbc.FBDriver
spring.datasource.username=SYSDBA
spring.datasource.password=password
app.java
package com.example.relationaldataaccess;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Relationaldataaccess1Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Relationaldataaccess1Application.class, args);
}
}
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>relationaldataaccess-1</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>relationaldataaccess-1</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Spring Data JDBC 库本身不包含开箱即用的 Firebird 方言，因此您需要自己提供一个。 Spring 数据 JDBC 文档的 Annotation-based Configuration 中记录了如何执行此操作：
Dialects are resolved by JdbcDialectResolver from JdbcOperations,
typically by inspecting Connection. You can let Spring auto-discover
your Dialect by registering a class that implements
org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$JdbcDialectProvider
through META-INF/spring.factories. DialectResolver discovers
dialect provider implementations from the class path using Spring’s
SpringFactoriesLoader.
为了能够使用 Firebird，您需要定义三件事：
- 一种方言
- 方言解析器
- Spring 的配置文件，用于定位方言解析器
方言可以是这样的（注意，此方言假设 Firebird 3 或更高版本）：
package spring.firebird;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.AnsiDialect;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.ArrayColumns;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.LockClause;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.sql.LockOptions;
public class FirebirdDialect extends AnsiDialect {
public static final FirebirdDialect INSTANCE = new FirebirdDialect();
@Override
public LockClause lock() {
return LOCK_CLAUSE;
}
@Override
public ArrayColumns getArraySupport() {
return ArrayColumns.Unsupported.INSTANCE;
}
private static final LockClause LOCK_CLAUSE = new LockClause() {
@Override
public String getLock(LockOptions lockOptions) {
return "WITH LOCK";
}
@Override
public Position getClausePosition() {
return Position.AFTER_ORDER_BY;
}
};
}
如果连接到 Firebird 数据库，return 方言的方言解析器。
package spring.firebird;
import org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.ConnectionCallback;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Optional;
public class FirebirdDialectResolver implements DialectResolver.JdbcDialectProvider {
@Override
public Optional<Dialect> getDialect(JdbcOperations operations) {
return Optional.ofNullable(
operations.execute((ConnectionCallback<Dialect>) FirebirdDialectResolver::getDialect));
}
private static Dialect getDialect(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
DatabaseMetaData metaData = connection.getMetaData();
String name = metaData.getDatabaseProductName().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
if (name.contains("firebird")) {
return FirebirdDialect.INSTANCE;
}
return null;
}
}
最后，您需要在 META-INF 中定义一个名称为 spring.factories 的资源，该文件必须包含以下行：
org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$JdbcDialectProvider=spring.firebird.FirebirdDialectResolver
这允许 Spring 数据 JDBC 发现方言解析器并使用它。
我遇到了类似的问题，但使用的是 Oracle DB。
我在我的项目中所做的更改更简单（我不知道它是否会解决您 Spring Boot 和 Firebase 的问题）
只需将pom.xml中的tomcat-jdbc替换为HikariCP依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
<!-- HikariCP doesn't deals with jdbcDialect properly -->
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
<artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
<!-- Dependency removed -->
</dependency>
<!-- Dependency to tomcat-jdbc to deal with jdbcDialect -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--...-->
祝你好运。
MariaDB 的工作解决方案/MySQL with Spring Boot 2.3.1.RELEASE
创建 directory/file 如果不存在：resources/META-INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$JdbcDialectProvider=com.yourapp.config.MariaDbDialectResolver
创建 class:
package com.yourapp.config;
import org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.MySqlDialect;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import java.util.Optional;
public class MariaDbDialectResolver implements DialectResolver.JdbcDialectProvider {
@Override
public Optional<Dialect> getDialect(JdbcOperations jdbcOperations) {
return Optional.of(MySqlDialect.INSTANCE);
}
}
我和同事解决了这个问题，我的解决方法是（去掉依赖spring-boot-stater-data-jdbc 保留依赖spring-boot-starter- jdbc)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
升级到 SB 2.3.0 后，我发现自己面临同样的问题。 Mark 的出色回答（顺便说一句 has found itself to Spring Data migration docs）帮助我解决了这个问题，但我发现将额外的配置添加到 META-INF 不太理想。
我的解决方案，从原来的答案延伸：
- 实施方言
- 提供自定义 JDBC 配置并覆盖
jdbcDialect():
@Configuration
public class SpringDataJdbcConfiguration extends AbstractJdbcConfiguration {
@Override
public Dialect jdbcDialect(NamedParameterJdbcOperations operations) {
return operations.getJdbcOperations().execute((ConnectionCallback<Dialect>)
connection -> isInformix(connection) ? InformixDialect.INSTANCE : super.jdbcDialect(operations));
}
private boolean isInformix(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
return connection.getMetaData().getDatabaseProductName().toUpperCase().contains("INFORMIX");
}
}
我正在尝试使用 Spring 数据 JDBC 和 Spring 引导连接到 Firebird 数据库。
我使用 Spring 工具创建了一个简单的应用程序。 Spring 数据 JDBC 无法识别方言。我认为问题在于 DialectResolver 不支持 Firebird。
private static Dialect getDialect(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
DatabaseMetaData metaData = connection.getMetaData();
String name = metaData.getDatabaseProductName().toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
if (name.contains("hsql")) {
return HsqlDbDialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("h2")) {
return H2Dialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("mysql")) { // catches also mariadb
return new MySqlDialect(getIdentifierProcessing(metaData));
}
if (name.contains("postgresql")) {
return PostgresDialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("microsoft")) {
return SqlServerDialect.INSTANCE;
}
if (name.contains("db2")) {
return Db2Dialect.INSTANCE;
}
return null;
}
我是 Java 和 Spring Boot 的新手。有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'jdbcConverter' defined in class path resource [com/example/relationaldataaccess/ApplicationConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'jdbcConverter' parameter 4; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jdbcDialect' defined in class path resource [com/example/relationaldataaccess/ApplicationConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect]: Factory method 'jdbcDialect' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:798) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:539) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean[=13=](AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:895) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:878) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143) ~[spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:750) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) [spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar:2.3.0.RELEASE]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.Relationaldataaccess1Application.main(Relationaldataaccess1Application.java:10) [classes/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jdbcDialect' defined in class path resource [com/example/relationaldataaccess/ApplicationConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect]: Factory method 'jdbcDialect' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:656) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:636) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1177) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:557) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean[=13=](AbstractBeanFactory.java:323) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1306) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1226) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:885) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:789) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 20 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect]: Factory method 'jdbcDialect' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:651) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 34 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$NoDialectException: Cannot determine a dialect for org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate@74fef3f7. Please provide a Dialect.
at org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver.lambda$getDialect(DialectResolver.java:76) ~[spring-data-jdbc-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at java.util.Optional.orElseThrow(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver.getDialect(DialectResolver.java:75) ~[spring-data-jdbc-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.AbstractJdbcConfiguration.jdbcDialect(AbstractJdbcConfiguration.java:144) ~[spring-data-jdbc-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.ApplicationConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$ef57e7e.CGLIB$jdbcDialect(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.ApplicationConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$ef57e7e$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f93edce9.invoke(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:244) ~[spring-core-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:331) ~[spring-context-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
at com.example.relationaldataaccess.ApplicationConfig$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$ef57e7e.jdbcDialect(<generated>) ~[classes/:na]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154) ~[spring-beans-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar:5.2.6.RELEASE]
... 35 common frames omitted
application.properties
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:firebirdsql://localhost:3051/C:\example.fbd?sql_dialect=3
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.firebirdsql.jdbc.FBDriver
spring.datasource.username=SYSDBA
spring.datasource.password=password
app.java
package com.example.relationaldataaccess;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Relationaldataaccess1Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Relationaldataaccess1Application.class, args);
}
}
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>relationaldataaccess-1</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>relationaldataaccess-1</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Spring Data JDBC 库本身不包含开箱即用的 Firebird 方言，因此您需要自己提供一个。 Spring 数据 JDBC 文档的 Annotation-based Configuration 中记录了如何执行此操作：
Dialects are resolved by
JdbcDialectResolverfromJdbcOperations, typically by inspectingConnection. You can let Spring auto-discover yourDialectby registering a class that implementsorg.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$JdbcDialectProviderthroughMETA-INF/spring.factories.DialectResolverdiscovers dialect provider implementations from the class path using Spring’sSpringFactoriesLoader.
为了能够使用 Firebird，您需要定义三件事：
- 一种方言
- 方言解析器
- Spring 的配置文件，用于定位方言解析器
方言可以是这样的（注意，此方言假设 Firebird 3 或更高版本）：
package spring.firebird;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.AnsiDialect;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.ArrayColumns;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.LockClause;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.sql.LockOptions;
public class FirebirdDialect extends AnsiDialect {
public static final FirebirdDialect INSTANCE = new FirebirdDialect();
@Override
public LockClause lock() {
return LOCK_CLAUSE;
}
@Override
public ArrayColumns getArraySupport() {
return ArrayColumns.Unsupported.INSTANCE;
}
private static final LockClause LOCK_CLAUSE = new LockClause() {
@Override
public String getLock(LockOptions lockOptions) {
return "WITH LOCK";
}
@Override
public Position getClausePosition() {
return Position.AFTER_ORDER_BY;
}
};
}
如果连接到 Firebird 数据库，return 方言的方言解析器。
package spring.firebird;
import org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.ConnectionCallback;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DatabaseMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Optional;
public class FirebirdDialectResolver implements DialectResolver.JdbcDialectProvider {
@Override
public Optional<Dialect> getDialect(JdbcOperations operations) {
return Optional.ofNullable(
operations.execute((ConnectionCallback<Dialect>) FirebirdDialectResolver::getDialect));
}
private static Dialect getDialect(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
DatabaseMetaData metaData = connection.getMetaData();
String name = metaData.getDatabaseProductName().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
if (name.contains("firebird")) {
return FirebirdDialect.INSTANCE;
}
return null;
}
}
最后，您需要在 META-INF 中定义一个名称为 spring.factories 的资源，该文件必须包含以下行：
org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$JdbcDialectProvider=spring.firebird.FirebirdDialectResolver
这允许 Spring 数据 JDBC 发现方言解析器并使用它。
我遇到了类似的问题，但使用的是 Oracle DB。
我在我的项目中所做的更改更简单（我不知道它是否会解决您 Spring Boot 和 Firebase 的问题）
只需将pom.xml中的tomcat-jdbc替换为HikariCP依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
<!-- HikariCP doesn't deals with jdbcDialect properly -->
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
<artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
<!-- Dependency removed -->
</dependency>
<!-- Dependency to tomcat-jdbc to deal with jdbcDialect -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--...-->
祝你好运。
MariaDB 的工作解决方案/MySQL with Spring Boot 2.3.1.RELEASE
创建 directory/file 如果不存在：resources/META-INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver$JdbcDialectProvider=com.yourapp.config.MariaDbDialectResolver
创建 class:
package com.yourapp.config;
import org.springframework.data.jdbc.repository.config.DialectResolver;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.Dialect;
import org.springframework.data.relational.core.dialect.MySqlDialect;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations;
import java.util.Optional;
public class MariaDbDialectResolver implements DialectResolver.JdbcDialectProvider {
@Override
public Optional<Dialect> getDialect(JdbcOperations jdbcOperations) {
return Optional.of(MySqlDialect.INSTANCE);
}
}
我和同事解决了这个问题，我的解决方法是（去掉依赖spring-boot-stater-data-jdbc 保留依赖spring-boot-starter- jdbc)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
升级到 SB 2.3.0 后，我发现自己面临同样的问题。 Mark 的出色回答（顺便说一句 has found itself to Spring Data migration docs）帮助我解决了这个问题，但我发现将额外的配置添加到 META-INF 不太理想。
我的解决方案，从原来的答案延伸：
- 实施方言
- 提供自定义 JDBC 配置并覆盖
jdbcDialect():
@Configuration
public class SpringDataJdbcConfiguration extends AbstractJdbcConfiguration {
@Override
public Dialect jdbcDialect(NamedParameterJdbcOperations operations) {
return operations.getJdbcOperations().execute((ConnectionCallback<Dialect>)
connection -> isInformix(connection) ? InformixDialect.INSTANCE : super.jdbcDialect(operations));
}
private boolean isInformix(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
return connection.getMetaData().getDatabaseProductName().toUpperCase().contains("INFORMIX");
}
}