SimpleJdbcInsert 无法插入，因为自动生成的 ID 为空 (HSQLDB)
SimpleJdbcInsert fail to insert because of null autogenerated id (HSQLDB)
大家早上好
我正在使用 HSQLDB 对 JUnit 项目的持久层进行单元测试。该项目使用 Spring 和 Hibernate + JPA。我正在使用 Spring 的 SimpleJdbcInsert 在数据库中插入一些数据以进行测试。但是，每当我尝试插入一些东西时，我都会得到：
org.hsqldb.HsqlException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID如下图：
org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: PreparedStatementCallback; SQL [INSERT INTO picture (DATA, MIME_TYPE, NAME, SIZE) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)]; violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID; nested exception is java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator.doTranslate(SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator.java:85)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:73)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:81)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:645)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:866)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:927)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:932)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.AbstractJdbcInsert.executeInsertInternal(AbstractJdbcInsert.java:362)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.AbstractJdbcInsert.doExecute(AbstractJdbcInsert.java:341)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert.execute(SimpleJdbcInsert.java:122)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertPicture(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:330)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertUser(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:345)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertPatient(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:449)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.testCreateAppointmentSuccessfully(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:557)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
at org.junit.rules.ExpectedException$ExpectedExceptionStatement.evaluate(ExpectedException.java:168)
at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:254)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=10=]0(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.fetchResult(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:873)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:866)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:629)
... 41 more
Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Table.enforceRowConstraints(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Table.insertSingleRow(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.StatementDML.insertSingleRow(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.StatementInsert.getResult(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.StatementDMQL.execute(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Session.executeCompiledStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Session.execute(Unknown Source)
... 46 more
这是我的测试（insertPatient() 失败）：
@Test
public void testCreateAppointmentSuccessfully() {
cleanAllTables();
insertPatient();
... some code ...
}
insertPatient 函数（其中 insertPicture() 失败）：
private void insertPatient() {
insertUser();
... some code ...
}
private void insertUser() {
insertPicture();
... some code ...
}
private void insertPicture() {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("data", IMG_DATA);
map.put("mime_type", MIME_TYPE);
map.put("size", IMG_SIZE);
map.put("name", PICTURE);
pictureJdbcInsert.execute(map);
}
SimpleJdbcInsert pictureJdbcInsert实例设置方法如下：
@Before
public void setUp(){
this.pictureJdbcInsert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(this.ds)
.withTableName(PICTURES_TABLE) // private static final String PICTURES_TABLE = "picture";
.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("picture_id");
... some code ...
}
测试 class 注释为 @Sql(scripts = "classpath:sql/schema.sql") 为 schema.sql:
create table if not exists picture
(
picture_id identity not null constraint picture_pk primary key,
name varchar(1023),
mime_type varchar(255) not null,
size bigint not null default 0,
data varbinary(65535) not null
);
... some more tables ...
如您所见，我没有手动放置密钥。我期待 usingGeneratedKeyColumns 方法会自动为我生成它。从堆栈跟踪我了解到正在尝试执行以下查询：
INSERT INTO picture (DATA, MIME_TYPE, NAME, SIZE) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?) 其中 ? 被映射中的相应值替换，但由于没有指定 picture_id 的值而失败。我不明白这种情况是否发生，因为 schema.sql 文件指定 picture_id 属于 identity 类型，这意味着它是自动生成的，默认情况下从 0 开始，增量为 1。
我一直在尝试并寻找解决方案，但一切都表明这应该有效。
当使用 usingGeneratedKeyColumns() 方法时，您似乎必须使用相应的方法 executeAndReturnKey() 而不是 execute() 来在插入时自动生成密钥。使用 execute 方法，您需要在参数映射中提供 picture_id 列和值。
查看本指南的第 5.1 节，了解这种差异的示例：https://www.baeldung.com/spring-jdbc-jdbctemplate
因此在您的代码中您可以这样做：
private void insertPicture() {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("data", IMG_DATA);
map.put("mime_type", MIME_TYPE);
map.put("size", IMG_SIZE);
map.put("name", PICTURE);
Number id = pictureJdbcInsert.executeAndReturnKey(map);
}
您可以根据需要捕获或丢弃返回的 id 值。
实际问题出在配置 class 上。我在 EntityManagerFactory bean 中有这个 properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");。因此，JPA 在 运行 schema.sql 文件之前创建了 table。这导致 picture_id 列不是 identity 类型。从 bean 中删除该行解决了问题。
大家早上好
我正在使用 HSQLDB 对 JUnit 项目的持久层进行单元测试。该项目使用 Spring 和 Hibernate + JPA。我正在使用 Spring 的 SimpleJdbcInsert 在数据库中插入一些数据以进行测试。但是，每当我尝试插入一些东西时，我都会得到：
org.hsqldb.HsqlException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID如下图：
org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: PreparedStatementCallback; SQL [INSERT INTO picture (DATA, MIME_TYPE, NAME, SIZE) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)]; violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID; nested exception is java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator.doTranslate(SQLExceptionSubclassTranslator.java:85)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:73)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:81)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:645)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:866)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:927)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:932)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.AbstractJdbcInsert.executeInsertInternal(AbstractJdbcInsert.java:362)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.AbstractJdbcInsert.doExecute(AbstractJdbcInsert.java:341)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert.execute(SimpleJdbcInsert.java:122)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertPicture(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:330)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertUser(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:345)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.insertPatient(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:449)
at ar.edu.itba.paw.tests.AppointmentDaoImplTest.testCreateAppointmentSuccessfully(AppointmentDaoImplTest.java:557)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
at org.junit.rules.ExpectedException$ExpectedExceptionStatement.evaluate(ExpectedException.java:168)
at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:254)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=10=]0(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCUtil.sqlException(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.fetchResult(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(Unknown Source)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:873)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.doInPreparedStatement(JdbcTemplate.java:866)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:629)
... 41 more
Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: violación del restricción de integridad: restricción ('check') NOT NULL; SYS_CT_10137 table: PICTURE column: PICTURE_ID
at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Table.enforceRowConstraints(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Table.insertSingleRow(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.StatementDML.insertSingleRow(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.StatementInsert.getResult(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.StatementDMQL.execute(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Session.executeCompiledStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.hsqldb.Session.execute(Unknown Source)
... 46 more
这是我的测试（insertPatient() 失败）：
@Test
public void testCreateAppointmentSuccessfully() {
cleanAllTables();
insertPatient();
... some code ...
}
insertPatient 函数（其中 insertPicture() 失败）：
private void insertPatient() {
insertUser();
... some code ...
}
private void insertUser() {
insertPicture();
... some code ...
}
private void insertPicture() {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("data", IMG_DATA);
map.put("mime_type", MIME_TYPE);
map.put("size", IMG_SIZE);
map.put("name", PICTURE);
pictureJdbcInsert.execute(map);
}
SimpleJdbcInsert pictureJdbcInsert实例设置方法如下：
@Before
public void setUp(){
this.pictureJdbcInsert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(this.ds)
.withTableName(PICTURES_TABLE) // private static final String PICTURES_TABLE = "picture";
.usingGeneratedKeyColumns("picture_id");
... some code ...
}
测试 class 注释为 @Sql(scripts = "classpath:sql/schema.sql") 为 schema.sql:
create table if not exists picture
(
picture_id identity not null constraint picture_pk primary key,
name varchar(1023),
mime_type varchar(255) not null,
size bigint not null default 0,
data varbinary(65535) not null
);
... some more tables ...
如您所见，我没有手动放置密钥。我期待 usingGeneratedKeyColumns 方法会自动为我生成它。从堆栈跟踪我了解到正在尝试执行以下查询：
INSERT INTO picture (DATA, MIME_TYPE, NAME, SIZE) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?) 其中 ? 被映射中的相应值替换，但由于没有指定 picture_id 的值而失败。我不明白这种情况是否发生，因为 schema.sql 文件指定 picture_id 属于 identity 类型，这意味着它是自动生成的，默认情况下从 0 开始，增量为 1。
我一直在尝试并寻找解决方案，但一切都表明这应该有效。
当使用 usingGeneratedKeyColumns() 方法时，您似乎必须使用相应的方法 executeAndReturnKey() 而不是 execute() 来在插入时自动生成密钥。使用 execute 方法，您需要在参数映射中提供 picture_id 列和值。
查看本指南的第 5.1 节，了解这种差异的示例：https://www.baeldung.com/spring-jdbc-jdbctemplate
因此在您的代码中您可以这样做：
private void insertPicture() {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("data", IMG_DATA);
map.put("mime_type", MIME_TYPE);
map.put("size", IMG_SIZE);
map.put("name", PICTURE);
Number id = pictureJdbcInsert.executeAndReturnKey(map);
}
您可以根据需要捕获或丢弃返回的 id 值。
实际问题出在配置 class 上。我在 EntityManagerFactory bean 中有这个 properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");。因此，JPA 在 运行 schema.sql 文件之前创建了 table。这导致 picture_id 列不是 identity 类型。从 bean 中删除该行解决了问题。