如何在 JUnit 5 中参数化 beforeEach()？

Question

我使用 JUnit 5 作为我的测试运行器。

在设置方法中，我硬编码了 3 个参数（platformName、platformVersion 和 deviceName）。我有一个应该测试各种组合的测试方法......这意味着，当运行宁我的 testLogin() 测试时，它应该运行在多个平台名称，版本，设备名称.. .

所以，我尝试如下...

@BeforeEach
@CsvSource({"IOS,13.0,iPhone X Simulator", "IOS,13.2,iPhone Simulator", "IOS,13.3,iPhone XS Simulator"})
void setUp(String platformName, String platformVersion, String deviceName) throws MalformedURLException {
    ....
    capabilities.setCapability("platformName", platformName);
    capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", platformVersion);
    capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", deviceName);
    capabilities.setCapability("methodName", testInfo.getDisplayName());
}

我的问题是，beforeEach() 方法如何参数化？另外，我想获取测试方法名称...因此，如果我指定参数，那么我应该在哪里指定 TestInfo 参数。

请帮帮我。我也看到了下面的问题...

========

public class TestBase {

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp(TestInfo testInfo) throws MalformedURLException {
        MutableCapabilities capabilities = new MutableCapabilities();
        capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "iOS");
        capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "13.2");
        capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "iPhone Simulator");
        capabilities.setCapability("name", testInfo.getDisplayName());
        capabilities.setCapability("app", “/home/my-user/testapp.zip");

        driver = new IOSDriver(
                new URL("https://192.168.1.4:5566/wd/hub"),
                capabilities
        );
    }
}

public class LoginTest extends TestBase {

    @Test
    public void testLogin() {
        driver.findElement(By.id("user-name")).sendKeys(“myuser);
        driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys(“mypassword);
        driver.findElement(By.id(“login_btn”)).click();
        assertTrue(true);
    }
}

Answer 1

您不能参数化 @BeforEach 方法。 JUnit5 仅支持参数化测试（测试方法）。

参数化测试与常规 @Test 方法一样声明，但使用 @ParameterizedTest 注释代替。此外，您必须声明至少一个来源（例如 @CsvSource、@ValueSource 等）

例如：

    @ParameterizedTest
    @CsvSource({
        "apple,         1",
        "banana,        2",
        "'lemon, lime', 0xF1"
    })
    void testWithCsvSource(String fruit, int rank) {
        assertNotNull(fruit);
        assertNotEquals(0, rank);
    }

Answer 2

让我们试试@lamektomasz 的 awesome solution。

创建文件 CustomParameterResolver.java 来解析 @BeforeEach 和 @AfterEach 注释的参数。

package com.example;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Optional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtensionContext;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterContext;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterResolutionException;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterResolver;
import org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.BeforeEachMethodAdapter;
import org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.ExtensionRegistry;

public class CustomParameterResolver implements BeforeEachMethodAdapter, ParameterResolver {

  private ParameterResolver parameterisedTestParameterResolver = null;

  @Override
  public void invokeBeforeEachMethod(ExtensionContext context, ExtensionRegistry registry)
      throws Throwable {
    Optional<ParameterResolver> resolverOptional = registry.getExtensions(ParameterResolver.class)
        .stream()
        .filter(parameterResolver ->
            parameterResolver.getClass().getName()
                .contains("ParameterizedTestParameterResolver")
        )
        .findFirst();
    if (!resolverOptional.isPresent()) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(
          "ParameterizedTestParameterResolver missed in the registry. Probably it's not a Parameterized Test");
    } else {
      parameterisedTestParameterResolver = resolverOptional.get();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public boolean supportsParameter(ParameterContext parameterContext,
      ExtensionContext extensionContext) throws ParameterResolutionException {
    if (isExecutedOnAfterOrBeforeMethod(parameterContext)) {
      ParameterContext pContext = getMappedContext(parameterContext, extensionContext);
      return parameterisedTestParameterResolver.supportsParameter(pContext, extensionContext);
    }
    return false;
  }

  @Override
  public Object resolveParameter(ParameterContext parameterContext,
      ExtensionContext extensionContext) throws ParameterResolutionException {
    return parameterisedTestParameterResolver.resolveParameter(
        getMappedContext(parameterContext, extensionContext), extensionContext);
  }

  private MappedParameterContext getMappedContext(ParameterContext parameterContext,
      ExtensionContext extensionContext) {
    return new MappedParameterContext(
        parameterContext.getIndex(),
        extensionContext.getRequiredTestMethod().getParameters()[parameterContext.getIndex()],
        Optional.of(parameterContext.getTarget()));
  }

  private boolean isExecutedOnAfterOrBeforeMethod(ParameterContext parameterContext) {
    return Arrays.stream(parameterContext.getDeclaringExecutable().getDeclaredAnnotations())
        .anyMatch(this::isAfterEachOrBeforeEachAnnotation);
  }

  private boolean isAfterEachOrBeforeEachAnnotation(Annotation annotation) {
    return annotation.annotationType() == BeforeEach.class
        || annotation.annotationType() == AfterEach.class;
  }
}

创建MappedParameterContext.java文件

package com.example;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Parameter;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ParameterContext;
import org.junit.platform.commons.util.AnnotationUtils;

public class MappedParameterContext implements ParameterContext {

  private final int index;
  private final Parameter parameter;
  private final Optional<Object> target;

  public MappedParameterContext(int index, Parameter parameter,
      Optional<Object> target) {
    this.index = index;
    this.parameter = parameter;
    this.target = target;
  }

  @Override
  public boolean isAnnotated(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
    return AnnotationUtils.isAnnotated(parameter, annotationType);
  }

  @Override
  public <A extends Annotation> Optional<A> findAnnotation(Class<A> annotationType) {
    return Optional.empty();
  }

  @Override
  public <A extends Annotation> List<A> findRepeatableAnnotations(Class<A> annotationType) {
    return null;
  }

  @Override
  public int getIndex() {
    return index;
  }

  @Override
  public Parameter getParameter() {
    return parameter;
  }

  @Override
  public Optional<Object> getTarget() {
    return target;
  }
}

将解析器添加到您的测试项目

package com.example;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;

@ExtendWith(CustomParameterResolver.class)
public class BaseTest {

  @BeforeEach
  public void beforeEach(String platformName, String platformVersion, String deviceName) {
    System.out.println("Before each:");
    System.out.println("platformName: " + platformName);
    System.out.println("platformVersion: " + platformVersion);
    System.out.println("deviceName: " + deviceName);
  }

  @ParameterizedTest
  @CsvSource({"IOS,13.0,iPhone X Simulator", "IOS,13.2,iPhone Simulator", "IOS,13.3,iPhone XS Simulator"})
  void testLogin(String platformName, String platformVersion, String deviceName) {
    // ...
    capabilities.setCapability("platformName", platformName);
    capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", platformVersion);
    capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", deviceName);
    capabilities.setCapability("methodName", testInfo.getDisplayName());
  }
}

输出：

Before each:
platformName: IOS
platformVersion: 13.0
deviceName: iPhone X Simulator
===========
Before each:
platformName: IOS
platformVersion: 13.2
deviceName: iPhone Simulator
===========
Before each:
platformName: IOS
platformVersion: 13.3
deviceName: iPhone XS Simulator
===========

如何在 JUnit 5 中参数化 beforeEach()？

How to Parameterize beforeEach() in JUnit 5?

selenium-webdriver

junit5

parameterized-unit-test