如何正确地将 MacOS 签名和公证添加到使用 Qt 构建的 .app

Question

我有一个应用程序（使用 Qt/QML 构建），我正尝试对其进行签名和公证，以便在 App Store 之外进行临时分发（供公司内部使用）。 Apple 确认我的软件已经过公证，然后我装订了我的 .app - 但 Gatekeeper 仍然从运行停止了该应用程序并提醒用户：

App Name can’t be opened because Apple cannot check it for malicious software.

我做错了什么？.

以下是我正在执行的步骤：

运行 QMake/在 Qt Creator 中构建。
将生成的 Info.plist 文件中的 CFBundleIdentifier 键修改为 com.myCompanyName.appName而不是 Qt 生成的 com.yourcompany.appName。
cd 到我的构建目录。
运行 macdeployqt:
/Users/<user>/Qt/5.13.0/clang_64/bin/macdeployqt <appName>.app -qmldir=<project source code dir>.
代号：
codesign --deep -f -s "Developer ID Application: <company name> (<team id>)" --options "runtime" "<appName>.app/"
（开发者 ID 应用程序是 KeychainAccess 中显示的名称）。

验证签名：
codesign -dv --verbose=4 <appName>.app
Returns:

`Executable=<build dir>/<app name>.app/Contents/MacOS/<app name>
Identifier=com.<company name>.<app name>
Format=app bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64)
CodeDirectory v=20200 size=53750 flags=0x10000(runtime) hashes=1674+3 location=embedded
Library validation warning=OS X SDK version before 10.9 does not support Library Validation
VersionPlatform=1
VersionMin=658432
VersionSDK=0
Hash type=sha256 size=32
CandidateCDHash sha256=*************************************
CandidateCDHashFull sha256=*************************************
Hash choices=sha256
CMSDigest=*************************************
CMSDigestType=2
Page size=4096
CDHash=*************************************
Signature size=8990
Authority=Developer ID Application: <my company name> (<my team ID>)
Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority
Authority=Apple Root CA
Timestamp=May 27, 2020 at 2:35:38 PM
Info.plist entries=10
TeamIdentifier=V7L2LD4Q9S
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1198
Internal requirements count=1 size=184

或者如果我从应用程序包内的 Qt 框架中查看（随机选择的）可执行文件：
codesign -dv --verbose=4 <appName>.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/5/QtCore
Returns:

Executable=<build dir>/<app name>.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/5/QtCore
Identifier=org.qt-project.QtCore
Format=bundle with Mach-O thin (x86_64)
CodeDirectory v=20500 size=49057 flags=0x10000(runtime) hashes=1526+3 location=embedded
VersionPlatform=1
VersionMin=658432
VersionSDK=658944
Hash type=sha256 size=32
CandidateCDHash sha256=*************************************
CandidateCDHashFull sha256=*************************************
Hash choices=sha256
CMSDigest=*************************************
CMSDigestType=2
Page size=4096
CDHash=*************************************
Signature size=8990
Authority=Developer ID Application: <my company name> (<my team ID>)
Authority=Developer ID Certification Authority
Authority=Apple Root CA
Timestamp=May 27, 2020 at 2:35:37 PM
Info.plist entries=8
TeamIdentifier=V7L2LD4Q9S
Runtime Version=10.14.0
Sealed Resources version=2 rules=13 files=1
Internal requirements count=1 size=184

zip: ditto -ck --rsrc --sequesterRsrc "<appName>.app" "<appName>.zip"
上传公证：
xcrun altool --notarize-app -t osx -f <appName>.zip --primary-bundle-id="com.<my company name>.<appName>" -u "<develpper ID @ company name> -p "<app specific password>"
收到一封电子邮件 "Your Mac software was successfully notarized."
主食：xcrun stapler staple "<appName>.app"
Returns: The staple and validate action worked!
分发：
1. 创建一个空白的稀疏包磁盘映像。
2. 将 appName.app 包复制到其中（连同 /Applications 的快捷方式）。
3. 转换为只读。
4. 分发给用户。

如果我查看 Console.app - 我可以在日志中看到该应用程序被拒绝打开：

default 15:10:56.549137-0400    runningboardd   Invalidating assertion 294-139-3156 (target:executable<<appName>(501)>) from originator 139
default 15:11:01.061942-0400    runningboardd   [executable<<appName>(501)>:4893] Death sentinel fired!

XprotectService 控制台中没有任何内容，如 this SO 答案所建议的那样。

如果我尝试使用 spctl 检查签名，它会失败：

spctl -v -a -t open --context context:primary-signature <appName>.app
Returns:

opal.app: rejected
source=Unnotarized Developer ID

spctl -a -t exec -vv <appName>.app produces
Returns:

<appName>.app: rejected
source=Unnotarized Developer ID
origin=Developer ID Application: <my company name> (<team ID>)
produces: invalid API object reference

但是，如果我使用订书机验证应用程序，它会通过：
stapler validate <appName>.app
Returns:

Processing: /<build dir>/<appName>.app
The validate action worked!

关于我的环境：

MacOS 10.15.3
Qt 5.13
Xcode11.4

Answer 1

问题在于，由于您使用 .dmg 进行分发，因此您还需要对 .dmg 进行公证。请按照以下步骤操作：

1) 将经过公证和装订的应用程序添加到 .dmg。

2) 公证您的 .dmg 文件。

3) 将公证装订到 .dmg 文件。

您可以使用我创建的以下 bash 脚本，它允许您创建公证请求、检查公证请求状态和主要公证：

#!/bin/bash

usage()
{
    # Display Help

   echo "*********************************************************************************************************************************************************"
   echo "  MacOS Application Notarization Script"
   echo "*********************************************************************************************************************************************************"
   echo
   echo "   Requirements"
   echo "    - XCode Installed"
   echo "    - Apple Id Account app-specific Password (https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204397)"
   echo "    - Apple Developer ID Application Certificate created and installed in keychain (https://developer.apple.com/support/developer-id/)"
   echo
   echo "   Instructions"
   echo "    1. Run notarize option to code sign application and create notarization request"
   echo "    2. Run check option with the request UUID of the previous step to check the notarization status"
   echo "    3. Run staple option only if the notarization status was successful and package was approved"
   echo "    4. You are now ready to distribute, if you want to create an installer you can use this option https://github.com/sindresorhus/create-dmg."
   echo "       Note that if you distribute your app in a .dmg, follow these steps:"
   echo
   echo "      - Add your notarized and stapled app to the DMG."
   echo "      - Notarize your .dmg file."
   echo "             Example: sh [=10=] --notarize -a MyApp.dmg  -b com.company.myapp  -u myappleaccount@gmail.com -p aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaa -v FFFFFFFF)"
   echo "      - Staple the notarization to the .dmg file: xcrun stapler staple MyApp.dmg."
   echo "             Example: sh [=10=] --staple --file MyApp.dmg"
   echo "________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"
   echo
   echo "  Usage"
   echo "   [=10=] [-n|s|c] [ -a APP_NAME ] [ -i SIGNING_IDENTITY ] [ -e ENTITLEMENTS ]  [ -b BUNDLE_ID ] [ -u USERNAME ] [ -p PASSWORD ] [ -v PROVIDER ] [ -k UUID ]"
   echo
   echo "________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"
   echo
   echo "  Options:"
   echo
   notarizeHelp
   checkHelp
   stapleHelp

  return
}
notarizeHelp()
{
   echo "    ======================================================================="
   echo "    -n | --notarize  Notarize file"
   echo "    ======================================================================="
   echo "    Syntax:"
   echo "              [ -n | --notarize ] [ -a | --file APP_NAME ] [ -i SIGNING_IDENTITY ] [ -e ENTITLEMENTS ]  [ -b BUNDLE_ID ] [ -u USERNAME ] [ -p PASSWORD ] [ -v PROVIDER ]"
   echo "    Parameters:"
   echo "              [ -a | --file  ]        - File name"
   echo "              [ -i ]                  - Apple Signing identity"
   echo "              [ -e ]                  - Application entitlements file"
   echo "              [ -b ]                  - Application Bundle identifier"
   echo "              [ -u ]                  - Apple Developer ID Username"
   echo "              [ -p ]                  - Application Specific password"
   echo "              [ -v ]                  - Access Provider"
   echo "    Example:"
   echo "       .app   sh [=10=] --notarize -a MyApp.app  -b com.company.myapp  -u myappleaccount@gmail.com -p aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaa -v FFFFFFFF -e App.entitlements -i \"Developer ID Application: COMPANY\""
   echo "       .zip   sh [=10=] --notarize -a MyApp.app.zip  -b com.company.myapp  -u myappleaccount@gmail.com -p aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaa -v FFFFFFFF"
   echo "       .dmg   sh [=10=] --notarize -a MyApp.dmg  -b com.company.myapp  -u myappleaccount@gmail.com -p aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaa -v FFFFFFFF"
   echo
}
checkHelp()
{
   echo "    ======================================================================="
   echo "    -c | --check     Check notarization status"
   echo "    ======================================================================="
   echo "    Syntax:"
   echo "              [ -c | --check ] [ -u USERNAME ] [ -p PASSWORD ] [ -k UUID ]"
   echo "    Parameters:"
   echo "              [ -u ]                  - Apple Developer ID Username"
   echo "              [ -p ]                  - Application Specific password"
   echo "              [ -k ]                  - Notarization Request UUID"
   echo "    Example:"
   echo "              sh [=10=] --check  -u myappleaccount@gmail.com -p aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaa -k ffff-ffffff-ffffff-ffffffffff"
   echo
}
stapleHelp()
{
   echo "    ======================================================================="
   echo "    -s | --staple    Staple file"
   echo "    ======================================================================="
   echo "    Syntax:"
   echo "              [ -s | --staple ] [ -a | --file APP_NAME ]"
   echo "    Parameters:"
   echo "              [ -a | --file  ]        - File name"
   echo "    Example:"
   echo "              sh [=10=] --staple --file MyApp.app"
   echo
}

#Help Dictionary 
helpFunction()
{

   echo ""
   usage
   exit 1 
}

# Transform long options to short ones
for arg in "$@"; do
  shift
  case "$arg" in
    "--notarize") set -- "$@" "-n" ;;
    "--staple")   set -- "$@" "-s" ;;
    "--check")    set -- "$@" "-c" ;;
    "--file")     set -- "$@" "-a" ;;
    *)            set -- "$@" "$arg"
  esac
done


while getopts "nsca:i:e:b:v:u:k:p:" option
do
case "${option}"
in
n) ACTION=NOTARIZE;;
s) ACTION=STAPLE;;
c) ACTION=CHECK;;
a) APP_NAME=${OPTARG};;
i) SIGNING_IDENTITY=${OPTARG};;
e) ENTITLEMENTS=${OPTARG};;
b) BUNDLE_ID=${OPTARG};;
p) PASSWORD=${OPTARG};;
v) PROVIDER=${OPTARG};;
u) USERNAME=${OPTARG};;
k) UUID=${OPTARG};;
?) helpFunction ;;
esac
done


do_check()
{
    echo "$UUID"
    if [ -z "${UUID}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify notarization request UUID";
    fi

    if [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Apple ID username is required";
    fi

    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] App Specific password is required";
    fi

    if [ -z "${UUID}" ] || [ -z "${USERNAME}" ] || [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
        echo
        checkHelp
        exit 1 
    fi
    echo "[INFO] Checking Notarization status for $UUID"
    xcrun altool --notarization-info "$UUID" -u "$USERNAME" -p "$PASSWORD" --output-format xml

    exit 1
}



sign()
{
    if [ -z "${APP_NAME}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify a filename";
    fi
    if [ -z "${SIGNING_IDENTITY}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify signing identity";
    fi
    if [ -z "${ENTITLEMENTS}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify entitlements file";
    fi
    if [ -z "${BUNDLE_ID}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify bundle identifier";
    fi
    if [ -z "${PROVIDER}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify access provider";
    fi
    if [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Apple ID username is required";
    fi
    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] App Specific password is required";
    fi

    if  [ -z "${APP_NAME}" ] || [ -z "${USERNAME}" ] || [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ] || [ -z "${PROVIDER}" ]  || [ -z "${ENTITLEMENTS}" ] || [ -z "${SIGNING_IDENTITY}" ]; then
        echo
        notarizeHelp
        exit 1 
    fi

    echo "[INFO] Signing app contents"
    find "$APP_NAME/Contents"|while read fname; do
        if [[ -f $fname ]]; then
            echo "[INFO] Signing $fname"
            codesign --force --timestamp --options=runtime --entitlements "$ENTITLEMENTS" --sign "$SIGNING_IDENTITY" $fname
        fi
    done

    echo "[INFO] Signing app file"


    codesign --force --timestamp --options=runtime --entitlements "$ENTITLEMENTS" --sign "$SIGNING_IDENTITY" "$APP_NAME"

    echo "[INFO] Verifying Code Sign"

    codesign --verify --verbose "$APP_NAME"

    echo "[INFO] Zipping $APP_NAME to ${APP_NAME}.zip"

    ditto -c -k --rsrc --keepParent "$APP_NAME" "${APP_NAME}.zip"

    #echo "[INFO] Uploading $APP_NAME for notarization"

    #xcrun altool --notarize-app -t osx -f "${APP_NAME}.zip" --primary-bundle-id "$BUNDLE_ID" -u "$USERNAME" -p "$PASSWORD" --asc-provider "$PROVIDER"  --output-format xml

    notarizationUpload "${APP_NAME}.zip"
}

notarize()
{

    if [ -z "${APP_NAME}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify a filename";
    fi
    if [ -z "${BUNDLE_ID}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify bundle identifier";
    fi
    if [ -z "${PROVIDER}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify access provider";
    fi
    if [ -z "${USERNAME}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Apple ID username is required";
    fi
    if [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] App Specific password is required";
    fi

    if  [ -z "${APP_NAME}" ] || [ -z "${USERNAME}" ] || [ -z "${BUNDLE_ID}" ] || [ -z "${PASSWORD}" ] || [ -z "${PROVIDER}" ]; then
        echo
        notarizeHelp
        exit 1 
    fi


case "$APP_NAME" in
    *.app)  sign;;
    *.zip)  notarizationUpload "$APP_NAME";;
    *.dmg)  notarizationUpload "$APP_NAME";;
esac


}

notarizationUpload()
{
    echo "[INFO] Uploading $APP_NAME for notarization"
    xcrun altool --notarize-app -t osx -f "" --primary-bundle-id "$BUNDLE_ID" -u "$USERNAME" -p "$PASSWORD" --asc-provider "$PROVIDER"  --output-format xml

}

do_staple()
{

    if [ -z "${APP_NAME}" ]; then
        echo "[Error] Didn't specify a filename";
        echo
        stapleHelp
        exit 1 
    fi

    echo "[INFO] Stapling $APP_NAME"
    xcrun stapler staple "$APP_NAME"
    echo "[INFO] Validating Staple for $APP_NAME"
    xcrun stapler validate "$APP_NAME"
}



#Excute Action base on the option  -s -n -c
case $ACTION in
STAPLE) do_staple;;
CHECK) do_check;;
NOTARIZE) notarize;;
*) helpFunction;
esac



unset APP_NAME ACTION SIGNING_IDENTITY BUNDLE_ID ENTITLEMENTS USERNAME PASSWORD PROVIDER UUID

Answer 2

我找到了这个教程，它详细解释了所有内容： https://blog.pakkly.com/how-to-sign-qt-apps-on-mac-for-release/

它非常简短。按照这个步骤，我能够创建一个经过公证的 DMG 文件。

更多提示：

使用的证书不能在不同的机器上使用，即使两者使用相同的apple ID帐户。
在使用 jenkins 作业构建 DMG 时，我因以下（显然众所周知的）消息而停止：

codesign --deep --timestamp --options runtime -s xxxx my.app

my.app: errSecInternalComponent

这可以通过在前面添加以下行轻松解决：

security unlock-keychain -p “<pwd>”

（在我的例子中，证书在登录部分）

另请注意这一点非常重要post： Error when trying to obtain a certificate: The specified item could not be found in the keychain

如何正确地将 MacOS 签名和公证添加到使用 Qt 构建的 .app

How properly add MacOS Signature & Notarization to .app built with Qt

macos

sign

qt5

notarize

macos-catalina