如何使用 ctypes 中的 IFileOperation

Question

我想使用 IFileOperation 从 python 代码复制文件 -

速度快（比 python）
你得到一个很好的对话
不阻止 Python

在 Windows 10，Python 3.8 -

import ctypes

ctypes.windll.shell32.IFileOperation

似乎不存在。

如何使用 ctypes 达到 IFileOperation（不是已弃用的 SHFileOperation API）？

Answer 1

当然，对于常量，它位于pythoncom和shell，例如：

from win32com.shell import shell
import pythoncom

# create an instance of IFileOperation
fo = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(shell.CLSID_FileOperation, None, pythoncom.CLSCTX_ALL, shell.IID_IFileOperation)

# here you can use SetOperationFlags, progress Sinks, etc.

# create an instance of IShellItem for the source item
item1 = shell.SHCreateItemFromParsingName("c:\temp\source.txt", None, shell.IID_IShellItem)

# create an instance of IShellItem for the target folder
folder = shell.SHCreateItemFromParsingName("c:\another", None, shell.IID_IShellItem)

# queue the copy operation
fo.CopyItem(item1, folder, "new name.txt", None)

# commit
fo.PerformOperations()

Answer 2

This 问题让我步入正轨，因为它表明 COM 加载 Windows 功能实际上可以从 ctypes 获得，尽管它需要更多的工作。

该问题使用 comtypes.GUID 作为唯一的（非标准）依赖项。

查看 comtypes 本身，它是纯 python 并使用 ctypes（用于 CoCreateInstance 和所有其他），以及加载和处理 COM 所需的 windows 函数的路径可以找到对象，特别是 -

import ctypes
ctypes.oledll.ole32.CoCreateInstance()

需要明确地放置 CLSID，如所提到的问题 -

IID_IFileOperation  = '{947AAB5F-0A5C-4C13-B4D6-4BF7836FC9F8}'
CLSID_FileOperation = '{3AD05575-8857-4850-9277-11B85BDB8E09}'

总而言之，comtypes 是一个小型纯 python 库，似乎足以完成此任务，如果不想修改 ctypes，请粘贴 GUID 否则不介意依赖关系。

但是，正如 comtypes 本身所证明的那样，这在 ctypes 中是完全可以实现的，但需要注意的是可能必须手动添加 GUID -

from ctypes import *

BYTE, WORD, DWORD = c_byte, c_ushort, c_ulong

_StringFromCLSID = oledll.ole32.StringFromCLSID
_ProgIDFromCLSID = oledll.ole32.ProgIDFromCLSID
_CLSIDFromString = oledll.ole32.CLSIDFromString
_CLSIDFromProgID = oledll.ole32.CLSIDFromProgID
_CoCreateGuid    = oledll.ole32.CoCreateGuid

_CoTaskMemFree   = windll.ole32.CoTaskMemFree

class GUID(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("Data1", DWORD),
                ("Data2", WORD),
                ("Data3", WORD),
                ("Data4", BYTE * 8)]

    def __init__(self, name=None):
        if name is not None:
            _CLSIDFromString(unicode(name), byref(self))

    def __repr__(self):
        return u'GUID("%s")' % unicode(self)

    def __unicode__(self):
        p = c_wchar_p()
        _StringFromCLSID(byref(self), byref(p))
        result = p.value
        _CoTaskMemFree(p)
        return result
    __str__ = __unicode__

    def __cmp__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, GUID):
            return cmp(bytes(self), bytes(other))
        return -1

    def __nonzero__(self):
        return self != GUID_null

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return isinstance(other, GUID) and \
               bytes(self) == bytes(other)

    def __hash__(self):
        # We make GUID instances hashable, although they are mutable.
        return hash(bytes(self))

    def copy(self):
        return GUID(unicode(self))

    def from_progid(cls, progid):
        """Get guid from progid, ...
        """
        if hasattr(progid, "_reg_clsid_"):
            progid = progid._reg_clsid_
        if isinstance(progid, cls):
            return progid
        elif isinstance(progid, basestring):
            if progid.startswith("{"):
                return cls(progid)
            inst = cls()
            _CLSIDFromProgID(unicode(progid), byref(inst))
            return inst
        else:
            raise TypeError("Cannot construct guid from %r" % progid)
    from_progid = classmethod(from_progid)

    def as_progid(self):
        "Convert a GUID into a progid"
        progid = c_wchar_p()
        _ProgIDFromCLSID(byref(self), byref(progid))
        result = progid.value
        _CoTaskMemFree(progid)
        return result

    def create_new(cls):
        "Create a brand new guid"
        guid = cls()
        _CoCreateGuid(byref(guid))
        return guid
    create_new = classmethod(create_new)

如何使用 ctypes 中的 IFileOperation

How to use IFileOperation from ctypes

python

python-3.x

winapi

ctypes

windows-shell