Angular 组件（带指令）测试

Question

我有一个要测试的组件。测试失败并显示消息

AdminPanelComponent > should create

TypeError: Cannot read property 'role' of undefined

error properties: Object({ ngDebugContext: DebugContext_({ view: Object({ def: Object({ factory: Function, nodeFlags: 50577443, rootNodeFlags: 1, nodeMatchedQueries: 0, flags: 0, nodes: [ Object({ nodeIndex: 0, parent: null, renderParent: null, bindingIndex: 0, outputIndex: 0, checkIndex: 0, flags: 1, childFlags: 50577443, directChildFlags: 1, childMatchedQueries: 0, matchedQueries: Object({ }), matchedQueryIds: 0, references: Object({ }), ngContentIndex: null, childCount: 11, bindings: [ ], bindingFlags: 0, outputs: [ ], element: Object({ ns: '', name: 'div', attrs: [ Array ], template: null, componentProvider: null, componentView: null, componentRendererType: null, publicProviders: null({ }), allProviders: null({ }), handleEvent: Function }), provider: null, text: null, query: null, ngContent: null }), Object({ nodeIndex: 1, parent: Object({ nodeIndex: 0, parent: null, renderParent: null, bindingIndex: 0, outputIndex: 0, checkIndex: 0, flags: 1, childFlags: 50577443, directChildFlags: 1, chi ... at at HasRoleDirective.ngOnInit (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/src/app/_directives/hasRole.directive.ts:16:53) at checkAndUpdateDirectiveInline (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:26276:1) at checkAndUpdateNodeInline (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:37133:1) at checkAndUpdateNode (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:37072:1) at debugCheckAndUpdateNode (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:38094:36) at debugCheckDirectivesFn (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:38037:1) at Object.eval [as updateDirectives] (ng:///DynamicTestModule/AdminPanelComponent.ngfactory.js:62:5) at Object.debugUpdateDirectives [as updateDirectives] (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:38025:1) at checkAndUpdateView (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:37037:1) at callViewAction (http://localhost:9876/_karma_webpack_/node_modules/@angular/core/fesm2015/core.js:37403:1)

admin-panel.component.ts

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-admin-panel',
  templateUrl: './admin-panel.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./admin-panel.component.css']
})
export class AdminPanelComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() {
  }

}

admin-panel.component.html

<div class="container mt-5">
  <h2>Admin panel</h2>
  <div class="tab-panel">
    <tabset class="member-tabset">
      <tab heading="User Management" *appHasRole="['Admin']">
        <div class="container">
            <app-user-management></app-user-management>  
        </div>        
      </tab>
      <tab heading="Photo management" *appHasRole="['Admin', 'Moderator']">
        <app-photo-management></app-photo-management>
      </tab>
    </tabset>
  </div>
</div>

hasRole.directive.ts

import { Directive, Input, ViewContainerRef, TemplateRef, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { AuthService } from '../_services/auth.service';

@Directive({
  selector: '[appHasRole]'
})
export class HasRoleDirective implements OnInit {
  @Input() appHasRole: string[];
  isVisible = false;

  constructor(private viewContainerRef: ViewContainerRef,
              private templateRef: TemplateRef<any>,
              private authService: AuthService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    const userRoles = this.authService.decodedToken.role as Array<string>;
    // if no roles clear the viewContainerRef
    if (!userRoles) {
      this.viewContainerRef.clear();
    }

    // if user has role need to render the element
    if (this.authService.roleMatch(this.appHasRole)) {
      if (!this.isVisible) {
        this.isVisible = true;
        this.viewContainerRef.createEmbeddedView(this.templateRef);
      } else {
        this.isVisible = false;
        this.viewContainerRef.clear();
      }
    }
  }
}

无法运行的代码部分是

const userRoles = this.authService.decodedToken.role as Array<string>;

如何测试这个组件？

Answer 1

测试 angular 应用程序的最佳方法是模拟除要测试的组件之外的所有内容。

最简单的方法是使用像 ng-mocks.

这样的库

尽管如此，您需要像这样对 AuthService 进行存根处理

TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  declarations: [HasRoleDirective, AdminPanelComponent],
  provides: [
    {
      provide: AuthService,
      useValue: {
        decodedToken: {
          role: [], // <- you can put here values for the test
        },
        roleMatch: () => false, // <- or to use a spy here.
      },
    },
  ],
})

在这种情况下，AuthService 将是一个具有不执行任何操作的假方法的存根。

Angular 组件（带指令）测试

Angular component (with a directive) testing

jasmine

karma-runner

angular

angular8