调用中缺少参数 'delegate' 的参数 // JSON 文件在 SWIFT 中损坏？

Question

我正在关注 SWIFT // XCODE 11.4 的电子class 教程，我必须从 Open Weather API 获取数据并将其显示在人们可以在其中输入城市的界面，视图控制器将显示温度、云图标和描述。

Clima App Tutorial

我正在使用 MVC 模式设计和委托设计来完成本教程。我的swift个文件如下：

Swift Files in MVC Design Pattern

以下是每个重要文件中的代码：

我。模型文件夹

WeatherManager.swift

protocol WeatherManagerDelegate {
    func didUpdateWeather(weather: WeatherModel)
}

struct WeatherManager {
    let weatherURL = "https://api.openweathermap.org/d.5/weather?appid=c8b50079338280b47a65dd6082551e3b&units=imperial"

    let delegate: WeatherManagerDelegate?



    func fetchWeather(cityName: String) {
        let urlString = "\(weatherURL)&q=\(cityName)"
        performRequest(urlString: urlString)
    }

    func performRequest(urlString: String) {

        //create a URL
        if let url = URL(string: urlString) {

            //create a URLSession
            let session = URLSession(configuration: .default)

            //give session a task
            let task = session.dataTask(with: url) { (data, response, error) in
                if error != nil {
                    print(error!)
                    return //exit out of the func if there is an error
                }

                if let safeData = data {

                    if let weather =  self.parseJSON(weatherData: safeData) {
                    self.delegate?.didUpdateWeather(weather: weather)
                    }
                }
            }
            //start the tast
            task.resume()
        }
    }

    func parseJSON (weatherData: Data) -> WeatherModel? {
        let decoder = JSONDecoder()
        do {
            let decodedData = try decoder.decode(WeatherData.self, from: weatherData)
            let id = decodedData.weather[0].id
            let temp = decodedData.main.temp
            let name = decodedData.name


            let weather = WeatherModel(conditionId: id, cityName: name, temperature: temp)
            return weather

        } catch {
            print(error)
            return nil
        }
    }

}

WeatherData.swift

struct WeatherData: Codable {
    let name: String
    let main: Main
    let weather: [Weather]
}

struct Main: Codable {
    let temp: Double
}

struct Weather: Codable {
    let id: Int
}

WeatherModel.swift

struct WeatherModel {
    let conditionId: Int
    let cityName: String
    let temperature: Double

    var temperatureString: String {
        return String(format: "%.1f", temperature)
    }

    var conditionName: String {
        switch conditionId {
        case 200...232:
            return "cloud.bolt"
        case 300...321:
            return "cloud.drizzle"
        case 500...531:
            return "cloud.rain"
        case 600...622:
            return "cloud.snow"
        case 701...781:
            return "cloud.fog"
        case 800:
            return "sun.max"
        case 801...804:
            return "cloud.bolt"
        default:
            return "cloud"
        }
    }

}

二．控制器

WeatherViewController.swift (place where the error is)

class WeatherViewController: UIViewController, UITextFieldDelegate, WeatherManagerDelegate {

    @IBOutlet weak var conditionImageView: UIImageView!
    @IBOutlet weak var temperatureLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var cityLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var searchTextField: UITextField!

    var weatherManager = WeatherManager()

    override func viewDidLoad() {

        super.viewDidLoad()
        weatherManager.delegate = self

        searchTextField.delegate = self
    }

    @IBAction func searchPressed(_ sender: UIButton) {
        searchTextField.endEditing(true)
    }

    func textFieldShouldReturn(_ textField: UITextField) -> Bool {
        searchTextField.endEditing(true)
        print(searchTextField.text!)
        return true
    }

    func textFieldShouldEndEditing(_ textField: UITextField) -> Bool {
        if textField.text != "" {
            return true
        } else {
            textField.placeholder = "Type something..."
            return false
        }
    }

    func textFieldDidEndEditing(_ textField: UITextField) {
        if let city = searchTextField.text {
            weatherManager.fetchWeather(cityname: city)
        }

        searchTextField.text = ""

    }

    func didUpdateWeather(weather: WeatherModel) {
        print(weather.temperature)
    }


}

这是错误消息：调用中缺少参数 'delegate' 的参数 Error message in WeatherViewControl.swift

当我点击运行按钮时，我在调试控制台中也遇到了这个错误：

dataCorrupted(Swift.DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [], debugDescription: "The given data was not valid JSON.", underlyingError: Optional(Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=3840 "Invalid value around character 0." UserInfo={NSDebugDescription=Invalid value around character 0.})))

Error in the debug console

我应该怎么做才能摆脱这些错误？

Answer 1

Missing argument for parameter 'delegate' in call

当 struct 被创建时，每个属性都需要一个值。

如果每个属性都指定了默认值并且没有用户定义的初始化程序，那么 Swift 将创建一个 struct.

的默认初始值设定项

如果至少有一个属性没有默认值并且没有用户定义的初始值设定项，那么 Swift 将创建一个 memberwise 初始值设定项每个属性都有一个参数，没有默认值。

例如你的类型：

struct WeatherModel {
   let conditionId: Int
   let cityName: String
   let temperature: Double
...

有三个属性没有默认值。如果您开始输入：

let myWeatherModel = WeatherModel(

然后完成你将得到的（类似的东西）：

let wm = WeatherModel(conditionId: <Int>, cityName: <String>, temperature: <Double>)

完成显示成员初始化程序。

您产生错误的类型是：

struct WeatherManager {
   let weatherURL = "https://api.openweathermap.org/d.5/weather?appid=c8b50079338280b47a65dd6082551e3b&units=imperial"
   let delegate: WeatherManagerDelegate?

它有两个属性，其中只有一个有默认值，而且它没有初始化器，所以 Swift 将自动创建一个成员明智的初始化器。

到目前为止没有任何问题。

产生错误的行是：

var weatherManager = WeatherManager()

这里你试图创建一个 WeatherManager 而不调用成员 wise initalizer，所以 Swift 给你错误信息。

如果您单击错误消息本身，您将看到提供了修复，单击它，Swift 会将您的代码更改为：

var weatherManager = WeatherManager(delegate: <WeatherManagerDelegate?>)

Select <WeatherManagerDelegate?> 并输入您希望传递的值。

HTH

Answer 2

您需要在 struct WeatherManager 中将 let delegate: WeatherManagerDelegate? 中的关键字“let”更改为“var”。

调用中缺少参数 'delegate' 的参数 // JSON 文件在 SWIFT 中损坏？

Missing argument for parameter 'delegate' in call // JSON file corrupted in SWIFT?

swift5

ios13

swift5.1

swift5.2

ios13.4