如何正确使用 Alexa skill 中的异步函数？

Question

我是异步编程的新手，所以请原谅我缺乏理解，但我目前正在构建一个调用私人停车场的 Alexa 技能 API。你可以调用这个API，它会给你最近的停车位。

    const getParkingSpots_Handler =  {
        canHandle(handlerInput) {
            const request = handlerInput.requestEnvelope.request;
            return request.type === 'IntentRequest' && request.intent.name === 'getParkingSpots' ;
        },
        handle(handlerInput) {
            const request = handlerInput.requestEnvelope.request;
            const responseBuilder = handlerInput.responseBuilder;
            let sessionAttributes = handlerInput.attributesManager.getSessionAttributes();

            let requestData = {
                // I can't show this sorry
                }

            let options = {
               // I can't show this sorry
            };

            // Call to the API
            const postAxios = async () => {
                try {
                    const response = await axios.post(API_URL, requestData, options);
                    return response.data.result;
                } catch(error) {
                    console.log(error);
                }
            };

            // Another function. This is where I use the data from the API response. I intent to add some code here that only picks out a number of results, sorts it by price etc. etc.
            const useTheResult = async () => {
                const result  = await postAxios();
                console.log('Response from the API:', result);
            };

            // We defined the functions above, now we need to execute them
            useTheResult();

            // This is what we will refer to the 'problem code'.
            let say = `Hello from confidientialCompany! You can park...`;
                return responseBuilder
                    .speak(say)
                    .reprompt('try again, ' + say)
                    .getResponse();
        },
    };

理想情况下，一旦我添加代码以修改 useTheResult 内的响应，我希望问题代码也位于 useTheResult 内...为什么？因为一旦我选择了我想要的数据并对其进行了修改，我就会尝试将 say 变成一个 'Alexa-readable' 句子，例如：

    let say = `Hello from confidentialCompany! You can park on ${roadName1}, ${roadName2} and ${roadName3}. Prices start from ${startingPrice} pounds.`

如果我现在这样做，我会在 Alexa 控制台中测试时收到错误消息。我不知道该怎么办了，我觉得我要陷入异步函数的无限循环中了。

Answer 1

将async关键字添加到handle方法名称并在里面使用await：

const getParkingSpots_Handler =  {
        canHandle(handlerInput) {
            const request = handlerInput.requestEnvelope.request;
            return request.type === 'IntentRequest' && request.intent.name === 'getParkingSpots' ;
        },
        async handle(handlerInput) {
            const request = handlerInput.requestEnvelope.request;
            const responseBuilder = handlerInput.responseBuilder;
            let sessionAttributes = handlerInput.attributesManager.getSessionAttributes();

            let requestData = {
                // I can't show this sorry
                }

            let options = {
               // I can't show this sorry
            };

            // Call to the API
             let result = null;
             try {
                 const response = await axios.post(API_URL, requestData, options);
                 result = response.data.result;
             } catch(error) {
                 // handle this case and return some message to User
                 console.log(error);
             }
            
            // assume your data structure to be like:
            /**
             result: {
               roadName1: "1st street",
               roadName2: "2nd street",
               roadName3: "3rd street", 
               startingPrice: "1.2"
             }
            */
            const {roadName1, roadName2, roadName3, startingPrice} = result;

            // This is what we will refer to the 'problem code'.
            let say = `Hello from confidentialCompany! You can park on ${roadName1}, ${roadName2} and ${roadName3}. Prices start from ${startingPrice} pounds.`;
                return responseBuilder
                    .speak(say)
                    .reprompt('try again, ' + say)
                    .getResponse();
        },
    };

如果你想在同一个函数中做更多的调用：

try {
   const [response1, response2] = await Promise.all([
      axios.post(API_URL1, requestData, options),
      axios.post(API_URL2, requestData, options)
   ]);
   // do things with your responses
   // ...
} catch(error) {
   // handle this case and return some message to User
   console.log(error);
}

如何正确使用 Alexa skill 中的异步函数？

How to use async functions within Alexa skill properly?

alexa

alexa-skill

alexa-skills-kit

alexa-sdk-nodejs