OWL。如何表达兄妹有共同点parent?

OWL. How to express that siblings has common parent?

我用海龟符号写了一个简单的文件,其中 Dave 是 Mary 的父亲,Mary 是 Jack 的妹妹。我想要 Dave 有两个孩子 Jack 和 Mary 的理由。

:Human a rdfs:Class .

:Man rdfs:subClassOf :Human ;
  owl:disjointWith :Woman .
:Woman rdfs:subClassOf :Human ;
  owl:disjointWith :Man .


:hasChild a rdf:Property ;
  owl:inverseOf :hasParent ;
  rdfs:domain :Human ;
  rdfs:range :Human.

:fatherOf owl:InverseFunctionalProperty rdf:Property ;
  owl:inverseOf :hasFather ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasChild ;
  rdfs:domain :Man ;
  rdfs:range :Human.

:motherOf owl:InverseFunctionalProperty rdf:Property ;
  owl:inverseOf :hasMother ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasChild ;
  rdfs:domain :Woman ;
  rdfs:range :Human.


:siblingOf a owl:SymmetricProperty, owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf :hasSibling ;
  rdfs:domain :Human ;
  rdfs:range :Human.

:brotherOf a rdf:Property ;
  owl:inverseOf :hasBrother ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :siblingOf ;
  rdfs:domain :Man ;
  rdfs:range :Human.

:sisterOf a rdf:Property ;
  owl:inverseOf :hasSister ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :siblingOf ;
  rdfs:domain :Woman ;
  rdfs:range :Human.



[] rdf:type owl:Axiom ;
   owl:subject    :Man ;
   owl:predicate  rdfs:subClassOf ;
   owl:object     :Human ;
   rdfs:label     "States that every man is a human."^^xsd:string .

[] rdf:type owl:Axiom ;
   owl:subject    :Woman ;
   owl:predicate  rdfs:subClassOf ;
   owl:object     :Human ;
   rdfs:label     "States that every woman is a human."^^xsd:string .


:Dave a :Man .

:Jack a :Man ;
   :hasSister :Mary .

:Mary a :Woman ;
   :hasFather :Dave .

我读过 http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-ref/#Property, http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-owl-semantics-20021108/syntax.html#2.3.1.3 但仍然不明白如何表达这个简单的事实。

Dave is father of Mary and Mary sister of Jack. I want reason that Dave have two childs Jack and Mary.

如果您忽略兄弟姐妹具有不同 parent 的可能性(例如,一个 parent 和一个不同的 parent),那么您可以使用子属性链来做到这一点。如果你有这样的数据:

戴夫 →hasChild Mary →hasSibling 杰克

那么您想要使用的规则是:

有孩子 •有兄弟姐妹 ⊑有孩子

这会让你推断出:

戴夫 →hasChild 杰克

在 Turtle 中可能如下所示:

@prefix :      < .
@prefix a:     < .
@prefix rdf:   <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix owl:   <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix xsd:   <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .

a:Jack  a       owl:NamedIndividual .

a:Dave  a           owl:NamedIndividual ;
        a:hasChild  a:Mary .

a:hasChild  a                   owl:ObjectProperty ;
        owl:propertyChainAxiom  ( a:hasChild a:hasSibling ) .

a:Mary  a             owl:NamedIndividual ;
        a:hasSibling  a:Jack .

a:hasSibling  a  owl:ObjectProperty .

a:      a       owl:Ontology .

Protege 得出的结论如下: