Protobuf ShortDebugString() 崩溃

Question

我有以下原型：

syntax = "proto3";
package pb;

message FooBar {
  string foo = 1;
  string bar = 2;
}

message FooBarList {
  repeated FooBar foobar = 1;
}

我只是用 2 个值填充重复列表并尝试按如下方式打印它：

#include <iostream>
#include "foobar.pb.h"

int main()
{
    pb::FooBarList foobar_list;

    auto foobar1 = foobar_list.add_foobar();
    foobar1->set_foo("foo1");
    foobar1->set_bar("bar1");

    auto foobar2 = foobar_list.add_foobar();
    foobar2->set_foo("foo2");
    foobar2->set_bar("bar2");

    try {
        std::cout << foobar_list.ShortDebugString() << std::endl;
    }
    catch (const std::exception& e) {
        std::cout << "error: " << e.what() << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

这会生成以下输出：

error: Unknown error -1

因此，ShortDebugString() 触发了一个没有任何有意义信息的异常。
我做错了什么，还是我需要以某种方式在调用 ShortDebugString() 之前触发序列化？

这是 gdb callstack 如果我让异常传播：

Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007ffff7add355 in raise () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6
(gdb) bt
#0  0x00007ffff7add355 in raise () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6
#1  0x00007ffff7ac6853 in abort () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6
#2  0x00007ffff7e5d86a in __gnu_cxx::__verbose_terminate_handler () at /build/gcc/src/gcc/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/vterminate.cc:95
#3  0x00007ffff7e69d8a in __cxxabiv1::__terminate (handler=<optimized out>) at /build/gcc/src/gcc/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_terminate.cc:48
#4  0x00007ffff7e69df7 in std::terminate () at /build/gcc/src/gcc/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_terminate.cc:58
#5  0x00007ffff7e6a09e in __cxxabiv1::__cxa_throw (obj=obj@entry=0x5555556e1550, 
    tinfo=tinfo@entry=0x7ffff7f97590 <typeinfo for std::system_error>, dest=dest@entry=0x7ffff7e96860 <std::system_error::~system_error()>)
    at /build/gcc/src/gcc/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_throw.cc:95
#6  0x00007ffff7e609bc in std::__throw_system_error (__i=-1)
    at /build/gcc/src/gcc-build/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/ext/new_allocator.h:89
#7  0x00005555555a1018 in google::protobuf::internal::AssignDescriptors(google::protobuf::internal::DescriptorTable const*, bool) ()
#8  0x000055555556e77f in pb::FooBarList::GetMetadataStatic() ()
#9  0x000055555556ceb9 in pb::FooBarList::GetMetadata() const ()
#10 0x00005555555d1fb4 in google::protobuf::TextFormat::Printer::Print(google::protobuf::Message const&, google::protobuf::TextFormat::Printer::TextGenerator*) const ()
#11 0x00005555555d3ef9 in google::protobuf::Message::ShortDebugString[abi:cxx11]() const ()
#12 0x00005555555705ac in main ()
(gdb)

编辑

这是用于构建此项目的 CMakeLists.txt：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(proto-foobar)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)

set(Protobuf_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
find_package(Protobuf MODULE REQUIRED)

set(PROTO_DEFINITIONS_PATH "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/protos")
set(PROTO_DEFINITIONS "${PROTO_DEFINITIONS_PATH}/*.proto")
set(PROTO_OUTPUT_PATH "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source")
file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${PROTO_OUTPUT_PATH})

set(PROTO_HEADERS "${PROTO_OUTPUT_PATH}/foobar.pb.h")
set(PROTO_SOURCES "${PROTO_OUTPUT_PATH}/foobar.pb.cc")

add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${PROTO_HEADERS} ${PROTO_SOURCES}
                   COMMAND ${PROTOBUF_PROTOC_EXECUTABLE}
                   ARGS --cpp_out=${PROTO_OUTPUT_PATH} 
                        --proto_path=${PROTO_DEFINITIONS_PATH} 
                        ${PROTO_DEFINITIONS}
                   DEPENDS ${PROTO_DEFINITIONS}
                   WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
                   COMMENT "Compiling ${PROJECT_NAME} protos")    

file(GLOB_RECURSE PROJECT_FILES "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source/*.cpp")
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${PROTO_SOURCES} ${PROJECT_FILES})

target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}       PUBLIC ${PROTOBUF_LIBRARY})
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME}  PUBLIC ${PROTO_OUTPUT_PATH})

这是项目树：

├── CMakeLists.txt
├── protos
│   └── foobar.proto
└── source
    ├── foobar.pb.cc
    ├── foobar.pb.h
    └── main.cpp

Answer 1

（有完全相同的问题并深入研究了一下。）

本例中的触发器是 this piece of code. It contains (indirectly) a call to std::call_once，它在 Linux 上使用 pthread_once 实现。反过来，这需要您的二进制文件链接到 pthread 库（即它需要一个 -lpthread 链接器标志）。

如果您的二进制文件没有链接到 pthread，您会看到您看到的错误，如前所述以及修复此问题的方法。

Protobuf ShortDebugString() 崩溃

Protobuf ShortDebugString() crash

c++

debugging

protocol-buffers

proto3