如何从 anaconda 虚拟环境（而不是从 base）执行批处理脚本？

Question

我想在 Conda 环境中运行批处理文件，而不是在 base 环境中，而是在另一个虚拟环境中（这里是 pylayers )。我将 activate.bat 脚本从 F:\Anaconda3\Scripts 复制到 F:\Anaconda3\envs\pylayers\Scripts。

我的批处理脚本 (installer_win.bat) 是：

call F:\Anaconda3\envs\pylayers\Scripts\activate.bat
conda install numpy --yes
conda install mayavi --yes
conda install shapely --yes
conda install libgdal --yes
conda install gdal --yes
conda install h5py --yes
conda install seaborn --yes
conda install PIL --yes
conda install basemap --yes
conda install wxpython --yes
conda install netCDF4 --yes
pip install protobuf 
pip install tqdm
pip install descartes
pip install bitstring
pip install geocoder
pip install triangle
pip install osmapi
pip install pyshp 
pip install Image
pip install pathos
pip install SimPy==2.2
pip install simplekml
pip install smopy

python setup.py install

当我执行 installer_win.bat 文件时，它显示了以下行为：

Output: #stops after executing very first line in the batch file.
(base) C:\Users\mkdth>activate pylayers

(pylayers) C:\Users\mkdth>cd /d F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>installer_win.bat

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>call F:\Anaconda3\envs\pylayers\Scripts\activate.bat
The system cannot find the path specified.

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>conda install numpy --yes
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: F:\Anaconda3\envs\pylayers

  added / updated specs:
    - numpy


The following packages will be downloaded:

    package                    |            build
    ---------------------------|-----------------
    openssl-1.1.1g             |       he774522_0         4.8 MB
    ------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Total:         4.8 MB

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  numpy-base         pkgs/main/win-64::numpy-base-1.18.1-py36hc3f5095_1

The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:

  ca-certificates    conda-forge::ca-certificates-2020.4.5~ --> pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2020.1.1-0
  certifi            conda-forge::certifi-2020.4.5.2-py36h~ --> pkgs/main::certifi-2020.4.5.1-py36_0
  numpy              conda-forge::numpy-1.18.5-py36h4d86e3~ --> pkgs/main::numpy-1.18.1-py36h93ca92e_0
  openssl                                       conda-forge --> pkgs/main



Downloading and Extracting Packages
openssl-1.1.1g       | 4.8 MB    | ############################################################################ | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>

我还尝试修改批处理文件以从 base env 和运行 conda 或 pip 一一命令，但它仅安装到 base 环境。查看bat脚本

尝试 1

Installer_win.bat 文件：

call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat
activate pylayers
pause
conda install numpy --yes
conda install mayavi --yes
conda install shapely --yes
conda install libgdal --yes
conda install gdal --yes
conda install h5py --yes
conda install seaborn --yes
conda install PIL --yes
conda install basemap --yes
conda install wxpython --yes
conda install netCDF4 --yes
pip install protobuf 
pip install tqdm
pip install descartes
pip install bitstring
pip install geocoder
pip install triangle
pip install osmapi
pip install pyshp 
pip install Image
pip install pathos
pip install SimPy==2.2
pip install simplekml
pip install smopy

python setup.py install

输出：激活 pylayers env 并停止

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>installer_win.bat

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat

(base) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>activate pylayers

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>

尝试 2：

Installer_win.bat 文件：

call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat
activate pylayers
conda install numpy --yes
conda install mayavi --yes
conda install shapely --yes
conda install libgdal --yes
conda install gdal --yes
conda install h5py --yes
conda install seaborn --yes
conda install PIL --yes
conda install basemap --yes
conda install wxpython --yes
conda install netCDF4 --yes
pip install protobuf 
pip install tqdm
pip install descartes
pip install bitstring
pip install geocoder
pip install triangle
pip install osmapi
pip install pyshp 
pip install Image
pip install pathos
pip install SimPy==2.2
pip install simplekml
pip install smopy

python setup.py install

输出：#activates base env and stops

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>installer_win.bat

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat

(base) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>activate pylayers

尝试 3

Installer_win.bat 文件：

call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat
conda install numpy --yes
conda install mayavi --yes
conda install shapely --yes
conda install libgdal --yes
conda install gdal --yes
conda install h5py --yes
conda install seaborn --yes
conda install PIL --yes
conda install basemap --yes
conda install wxpython --yes
conda install netCDF4 --yes
pip install protobuf 
pip install tqdm
pip install descartes
pip install bitstring
pip install geocoder
pip install triangle
pip install osmapi
pip install pyshp 
pip install Image
pip install pathos
pip install SimPy==2.2
pip install simplekml
pip install smopy

python setup.py install

输出：#starts installing in base env

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>installer_win.bat

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat

(base) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>activate pylayers

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>installer_win.bat

(pylayers) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>call F:\Anaconda3\Scripts\activate.bat

(base) F:\Pycharm\Projects\pylayers-master>conda install numpy --yes
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): failed

CondaError: KeyboardInterrupt

^CTerminate batch job (Y/N)?
^C

有人可以帮我在 Conda 虚拟环境下运行这个批处理文件吗？

如有任何建议，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

要运行在新的（非基础）conda env 中从 dos 提示符生成 bat 文件，您可以尝试这样的操作：

提示符> cmd "/c 激活 ds_tensorflow && myfile.bat && 停用"

myfile.bat 的内容表明您处于非基础环境中：

echo hello
python -c "import sys; print(sys.version)"

您可以用您的 bat 文件替换上面 >> 行中的 myfile.bat。这也可以在没有 bat 文件的情况下工作，只需运行 /c activate .... deactivate wrapper 中的每个命令。

cmd "/c activate ds_tensorflow && python -c "import sys; print(sys.version)" && deactivate"

Answer 2

有两条路可以走。我认为第一个是更清洁的方法。

选项 1：YAML 定义

如果整个过程只是安装，可以压缩成一个YAML environment definition一次性执行。这包括本地包安装，对于当前示例，我将其称为 foo.

foo_install.yaml

name: foo_install
channels:
  - defaults
dependencies:
  - numpy
  - mayavi
  - shapely
  - libgdal
  - gdal
  - h5py
  - seaborn
  - PIL
  - basemap
  - wxpython
  - netCDF4
  - pip
  - pip:
    - protobuf
    - tqdm
    - descartes
    - bitstring
    - geocoder
    - triangle
    - osmapi
    - pyshp
    - Image
    - pathos
    - SimPy==2.2
    - simplekml
    - smopy
    - -e ./../foo  # this assumes running from inside the `foo` folder

要将其安装到任意环境中（例如，pylevels）作为对环境的添加，可以使用

conda env update -n pylevels -f foo_install.yaml

这是 foo 文件夹中的运行。

有关其他选项的展示，请参阅 the Advanced Pip Example（基本上，pip install 接受的所有内容都可以包含在 YAML 文件中）。

选项 2：`conda run`

更一般地说，可以通过使用 conda run 在特定环境中运行任意脚本。这避免了必须在脚本本身中包含激活命令。在这种情况下，您可以运行您的脚本

conda run -n pylevels installer_win.bat

如果您还需要配置一些环境变量或类似的东西，我只会求助于此。在那种情况下，我仍然会制作 YAML，并将所有安装减少到单行：

installer_win.bat

conda env update -f foo_install.yaml

并包括之后的进一步行动。

如何从 anaconda 虚拟环境（而不是从 base）执行批处理脚本？

How to execute a batch script from an anaconda virtual environment (not from base)?

pip

batch-file

anaconda

conda

virtual-environment

尝试 1

尝试 2：

尝试 3

选项 1：YAML 定义

选项 2：`conda run`

如何从 anaconda 虚拟环境（而不是从 base）执行批处理脚本？

How to execute a batch script from an anaconda virtual environment (not from base)?

pip

batch-file

anaconda

conda

virtual-environment

尝试 1

尝试 2：

尝试 3

选项 1：YAML 定义

选项 2：conda run

选项 2：`conda run`