12 列 CSS 网格布局和侧面 margins/outside 间距

Question

我正在尝试基于此 AdobeXD 设计创建 12 列布局（使用 CSS 网格 - 没有 Bootstrap）：

以下是我的 PC 屏幕尺寸（全屏宽度：1920 像素）：列宽：68px（12倍）间距宽度：40px（11倍）外边距：228-220px（2 次）

如何设置边 margins/outside 排水沟？

如果我创建 14 列（下面的代码），我将在两侧的列旁边有两个 40px 宽的额外间距。是否可以为这两个装订线设置自定义装订线宽度？百分比是定义网格模板列和列间隙的正确度量单位吗？

这种情况下的最佳做法是什么？我几乎找不到关于这个特定主题的任何信息。

body {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    font-size: 18px;
}

/* wrapper of the content*/
.wrapper {
    height: 100vh;
    display: grid;

    grid-template-columns: 
        11.6666667% /*220-228px here 224*/
        repeat(12, minmax(0, 4,47916667%)) /*86px each*/
        11.6666667% /*220-228px here 224*/
    ;
    column-gap: 2,08333333%; /*40px*/

    grid-template-areas:
      "navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation navigation"
      ". philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy philosophy ."
      ". newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork newestWork ."
      ". categories categories categories categories categories categories categories categories categories categories categories categories ."
      ". testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials testimonials ."
      ". followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta followOnInsta ."
      "footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser footerBrowser"
      "copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright copyright"
    ;


    grid-template-rows:
        1235px
        858px
        1307px
        230px
        906px
        608px
        528px
        1fr
    ; /*85px*/ 
}

.navigation {
    background-color: turquoise;
    grid-area: navigation;
}

.philosophy {
    background-color: rgba(230,45,45,0.50);
    grid-area: philosophy;
}

.newestWork {
    background-color: rgba(50,115,180,0.50);
    grid-area: newestWork;
}

.categories {
    background-color: rgba(120,230,45,0.50);
    grid-area: categories;
}

.testimonials {
    background-color: turquoise;
    grid-area: testimonials;
}

.followOnInsta {
    background-color: rgba(230,45,45,0.50);
    grid-area: followOnInsta;
}

.footerBrowser {
    background-color: rgba(50,115,180,0.50);
    grid-area: footerBrowser;
}

.copyright {
    background-color: rgba(120,230,45,0.50);
    grid-area: copyright;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Photography</title>
    
    <meta name="keywords" content="portfolio, homepage" />
    <meta name="description" content="portfolio" />
    <meta name="author" content="Burjan Erno" />
    <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
    
    <link href="grid_area_jo.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">

    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins:300,400,500,600" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
    
    <body>
        <div class="BG_gradient">
            <div class="wrapper">
                <section class="navigation">navigation</section>
                <section class="philosophy">philosophy</section>
                <section class="newestWork">newestWork</section>
                <section class="categories">categories</section>
                <section class="testimonials">testimonials</section>
                <section class="followOnInsta">followOnInsta</section>
                <section class="footerBrowser">footerBrowser</section>
                <section class="copyright">copyright</section>
            </div>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

Answer 1

本例中的最佳做法 - 完全去除左右间距。网格系统对单个 grid 元素使用单一尺寸 grid-column-gap。对 grid 的 children 使用 padding 和 margin 会撕裂网格。所以我看到了两种方式。

#1。居中`grid`无左右间隙

完全消除左右间隙。

.wrapper {
  height: 90vh;
  width: 300px; /* here you can set your maximum 12 cols + 11 gaps width */
  margin: 0 auto; /* this will make .wrapper centered */
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr);
  grid-column-gap: 4px; /* like 40px, but the snippet is very small */
  background: cyan;
}
.wrapper > div {
  background: green;
}

<div class="wrapper">
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>  
</div>

#2。完全没有差距

将间隙设置为 0，但使用了很多额外的元素。

.wrapper {
  height: 90vh;
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 100px repeat(11, 1fr 4px) 1fr 100px;
  /* left gutters + 11 times column and gap-imitation + 1 column + right gutters */
}
.wrapper > div {
  background: green;
}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(even) {
  background: cyan;
}

<div class="wrapper">
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>  
</div>

#3。随着 `grid-template-areas`

修改步骤 #2

.wrapper {
  height: 90vh;
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 100px repeat(11, 1fr 4px) 1fr 100px;
  /* left gutters + 11 times column and gap-imitation + 1 column + right gutters */
  grid-template-areas:
    '. r1 . r2 . r3 . r4 . r5 . r6 . r7 . r8 . r9 . r10 . r11 . r12 .';
}
.wrapper > div {
  background: green;
}

.wrapper > div:nth-child(1) {grid-area: r1;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(2) {grid-area: r2;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(3) {grid-area: r3;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(4) {grid-area: r4;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(5) {grid-area: r5;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(6) {grid-area: r6;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(7) {grid-area: r7;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(8) {grid-area: r8;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(9) {grid-area: r9;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(10) {grid-area: r10;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(11) {grid-area: r11;}
.wrapper > div:nth-child(12) {grid-area: r12;}

<div class="wrapper">
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div>
  <div></div> 
</div>

12 列 CSS 网格布局和侧面 margins/outside 间距

12 column CSS Grid layout and side margins/outside gutters

html

css

gutter

css-grid

#1。居中`grid`无左右间隙

#2。完全没有差距

#3。随着 `grid-template-areas`

12 列 CSS 网格布局和侧面 margins/outside 间距

12 column CSS Grid layout and side margins/outside gutters

html

css

gutter

css-grid

#1。居中grid无左右间隙

#2。完全没有差距

#3。随着 grid-template-areas

#1。居中`grid`无左右间隙

#3。随着 `grid-template-areas`