TKInter - 对框架和滚动感到困惑
TKInter - Confused about frames and scrolling
我正在尝试编写一个具有三个框架的 tkinter 应用程序 - 一个顶部框架，用户在其中输入一些文本，一个动态构建的中间部分，其中对文本进行一些预分析，以及一个底部框架，其中，一旦用户在中间部分 select 编辑了他们想要的选项，就会生成输出。
问题是，根据输入的不同，可能会显示大约 10-20 行（最坏情况下为 30 行），而在小型显示器上，输出会从屏幕上消失。
我想要的是无论屏幕大小如何调整，顶部（输入）和底部（输出）帧都可见，并且中间部分可以滚动（如果需要）并且仍然允许用户 select 他们的选择。
我很困惑如何在调整屏幕大小时调整中间部分的大小，在需要时显示滚动条，并且仍然允许访问所有内容。
我在这里创建了一个缩减版本（为简单起见，我删除了处理方法，而是在一个类似于实际中间部分的循环中创建了一些假输出）。
请忽略丑陋的配色方案 - 我只是想了解哪个框架去了哪里（我会尽快删除颜色！）
感谢您的任何建议...
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import scrolledtext
class MyApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, title="Sample App", *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title(title)
self.configure(background="Gray")
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Create the overall frame:
master_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="Light Blue", bd=3, relief=tk.RIDGE)
master_frame.grid(sticky=tk.NSEW)
master_frame.rowconfigure([0, 2], minsize=90) # Set min size for top and bottom
master_frame.rowconfigure(1, weight=1) # Row 1 should adjust to window size
master_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1) # Column 0 should adjust to window size
# Create the frame to hold the input field and action button:
input_frame = tk.LabelFrame(master_frame, text="Input Section", bg="Green", bd=2, relief=tk.GROOVE)
input_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
input_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
input_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Create a frame for the middle (processing) section.
middle_frame = tk.LabelFrame(master_frame, text = "Processing Section")
middle_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
# Create the frame to hold the output:
output_frame = tk.LabelFrame(master_frame, text="Output Section", bg="Blue", bd=2, relief=tk.GROOVE)
output_frame.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
output_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
output_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Add a canvas in the middle frame.
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(middle_frame, bg="Yellow")
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)
# Create a vertical scrollbar linked to the canvas.
vsbar = tk.Scrollbar(middle_frame, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=self.canvas.yview)
vsbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.NS)
self.canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsbar.set)
# Content for the input frame, (one label, one input box and one button).
tk.Label(input_frame,
text="Please type, or paste, the text to be analysed into this box:").grid(row=0, columnspan = 3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
self.input_box = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(input_frame, height=5, wrap=tk.WORD)
self.input_box.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.input_box.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan = 3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
tk.Button(input_frame,
text="Do it!",
command=self.draw_choices).grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=tk.E)
# Content for the output frame, (one text box only).
self.output_box = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(output_frame, width=40, height=5, wrap=tk.WORD)
self.output_box.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
def draw_choices(self):
""" This method will dynamically create the content for the middle frame"""
self.option = tk.IntVar() # Variable used to hold user's choice
self.get_input_text()
for i in range(30):
tk.Radiobutton(self.canvas,
text=f"Option {i + 1}: ", variable=self.option,
value=i,
command=self.do_analysis
).grid(row=i, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
tk.Label(self.canvas,
text=f"If you pick Option {i + 1}, the output will look like this: {self.shortText}.",
anchor=tk.W
).grid(row=i, column=1, sticky=tk.W)
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"))
def get_input_text(self):
""" Will get the text from the input box and also create a shortened version to display on one line"""
screenWidth = 78
self.input_text = self.input_box.get(0.0, tk.END)
if len(self.input_text) > screenWidth:
self.shortText = self.input_text[:screenWidth]
else:
self.shortText = self.input_text[:]
self.shortText = self.shortText.replace('\n', ' ') # strip out carriage returns just in case
def do_analysis(self):
"""This will ultimately process and display the results"""
option = self.option.get() # Get option from radio button press
output_txt = f"You picked option {option + 1} and here is the output: \n{self.input_text}"
self.output_box.delete(0.0, tk.END)
self.output_box.insert(0.0, output_txt)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = MyApp("My Simple Text Analysis Program")
app.mainloop()
我知道您不能在同一个容器中混合使用网格和打包几何体，滚动条必须附加到 canvas，要放置在 canvas 上的对象必须因此，在另一个容器中，因此，尝试遵循 Bryan 的示例，我创建了我想要的最小版本 - window 包含三个部分 - 顶部、中部和底部。顶部和底部部分将包含一个简单的文本字段，中间部分将包含动态内容并且必须能够根据需要滚动。
Imports:
- ScrollbarFrame
扩展 class tk.Frame 以支持可滚动的框架]
import tkinter as tk
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.title("A simple GUI")
# Top frame
self.top_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="LIGHT GREEN")
self.top_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(self.top_frame, bg=self.top_frame.cget('bg'),
text="This is a label on the top frame")\
.grid(row=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
# Middle Frame
# Import from
# and don't change anything
sbf = ScrollbarFrame(self, bg="LIGHT BLUE")
sbf.pack(fill=tk.X, expand=True)
# self.middle_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="LIGHT BLUE")
self.middle_frame = sbf.scrolled_frame
# Force scrolling by adding multiple Label
for _ in range(25):
tk.Label(self.middle_frame, bg=self.middle_frame.cget('bg'),
text="This is a label on the dynamic (middle) section")\
.grid()
# Bottom Frame
self.bottom_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="WHITE")
self.bottom_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(self.bottom_frame, bg=self.bottom_frame.cget('bg'),
text="This is a label on the bottom section")\
.grid(row=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
if __name__ == '__main__':
App().mainloop()
我正在尝试编写一个具有三个框架的 tkinter 应用程序 - 一个顶部框架，用户在其中输入一些文本，一个动态构建的中间部分，其中对文本进行一些预分析，以及一个底部框架，其中，一旦用户在中间部分 select 编辑了他们想要的选项，就会生成输出。
问题是，根据输入的不同，可能会显示大约 10-20 行（最坏情况下为 30 行），而在小型显示器上，输出会从屏幕上消失。
我想要的是无论屏幕大小如何调整，顶部（输入）和底部（输出）帧都可见，并且中间部分可以滚动（如果需要）并且仍然允许用户 select 他们的选择。
我很困惑如何在调整屏幕大小时调整中间部分的大小，在需要时显示滚动条，并且仍然允许访问所有内容。
我在这里创建了一个缩减版本（为简单起见，我删除了处理方法，而是在一个类似于实际中间部分的循环中创建了一些假输出）。
请忽略丑陋的配色方案 - 我只是想了解哪个框架去了哪里（我会尽快删除颜色！）
感谢您的任何建议...
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import scrolledtext
class MyApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, title="Sample App", *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title(title)
self.configure(background="Gray")
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Create the overall frame:
master_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="Light Blue", bd=3, relief=tk.RIDGE)
master_frame.grid(sticky=tk.NSEW)
master_frame.rowconfigure([0, 2], minsize=90) # Set min size for top and bottom
master_frame.rowconfigure(1, weight=1) # Row 1 should adjust to window size
master_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1) # Column 0 should adjust to window size
# Create the frame to hold the input field and action button:
input_frame = tk.LabelFrame(master_frame, text="Input Section", bg="Green", bd=2, relief=tk.GROOVE)
input_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
input_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
input_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Create a frame for the middle (processing) section.
middle_frame = tk.LabelFrame(master_frame, text = "Processing Section")
middle_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
# Create the frame to hold the output:
output_frame = tk.LabelFrame(master_frame, text="Output Section", bg="Blue", bd=2, relief=tk.GROOVE)
output_frame.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
output_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
output_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Add a canvas in the middle frame.
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(middle_frame, bg="Yellow")
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0)
# Create a vertical scrollbar linked to the canvas.
vsbar = tk.Scrollbar(middle_frame, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=self.canvas.yview)
vsbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.NS)
self.canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vsbar.set)
# Content for the input frame, (one label, one input box and one button).
tk.Label(input_frame,
text="Please type, or paste, the text to be analysed into this box:").grid(row=0, columnspan = 3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
self.input_box = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(input_frame, height=5, wrap=tk.WORD)
self.input_box.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.input_box.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan = 3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
tk.Button(input_frame,
text="Do it!",
command=self.draw_choices).grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=tk.E)
# Content for the output frame, (one text box only).
self.output_box = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(output_frame, width=40, height=5, wrap=tk.WORD)
self.output_box.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
def draw_choices(self):
""" This method will dynamically create the content for the middle frame"""
self.option = tk.IntVar() # Variable used to hold user's choice
self.get_input_text()
for i in range(30):
tk.Radiobutton(self.canvas,
text=f"Option {i + 1}: ", variable=self.option,
value=i,
command=self.do_analysis
).grid(row=i, column=0, sticky=tk.W)
tk.Label(self.canvas,
text=f"If you pick Option {i + 1}, the output will look like this: {self.shortText}.",
anchor=tk.W
).grid(row=i, column=1, sticky=tk.W)
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"))
def get_input_text(self):
""" Will get the text from the input box and also create a shortened version to display on one line"""
screenWidth = 78
self.input_text = self.input_box.get(0.0, tk.END)
if len(self.input_text) > screenWidth:
self.shortText = self.input_text[:screenWidth]
else:
self.shortText = self.input_text[:]
self.shortText = self.shortText.replace('\n', ' ') # strip out carriage returns just in case
def do_analysis(self):
"""This will ultimately process and display the results"""
option = self.option.get() # Get option from radio button press
output_txt = f"You picked option {option + 1} and here is the output: \n{self.input_text}"
self.output_box.delete(0.0, tk.END)
self.output_box.insert(0.0, output_txt)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = MyApp("My Simple Text Analysis Program")
app.mainloop()
我知道您不能在同一个容器中混合使用网格和打包几何体，滚动条必须附加到 canvas，要放置在 canvas 上的对象必须因此，在另一个容器中，因此，尝试遵循 Bryan 的示例，我创建了我想要的最小版本 - window 包含三个部分 - 顶部、中部和底部。顶部和底部部分将包含一个简单的文本字段，中间部分将包含动态内容并且必须能够根据需要滚动。
Imports:
- ScrollbarFrame
扩展 classtk.Frame以支持可滚动的框架]
import tkinter as tk
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.title("A simple GUI")
# Top frame
self.top_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="LIGHT GREEN")
self.top_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(self.top_frame, bg=self.top_frame.cget('bg'),
text="This is a label on the top frame")\
.grid(row=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
# Middle Frame
# Import from
# and don't change anything
sbf = ScrollbarFrame(self, bg="LIGHT BLUE")
sbf.pack(fill=tk.X, expand=True)
# self.middle_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="LIGHT BLUE")
self.middle_frame = sbf.scrolled_frame
# Force scrolling by adding multiple Label
for _ in range(25):
tk.Label(self.middle_frame, bg=self.middle_frame.cget('bg'),
text="This is a label on the dynamic (middle) section")\
.grid()
# Bottom Frame
self.bottom_frame = tk.Frame(self, bg="WHITE")
self.bottom_frame.pack(fill=tk.X)
tk.Label(self.bottom_frame, bg=self.bottom_frame.cget('bg'),
text="This is a label on the bottom section")\
.grid(row=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
if __name__ == '__main__':
App().mainloop()