SQL 服务器 - 将营业时间数据规范化为 JSON 对象

Question

我最基本的查询，当我只是从数据库中提取字段时，看起来像这样：

SELECT DISTINCT  
    [BranchCode]
     ,[Weekday]
     ,[OpenTime]
     ,[CloseTime]
FROM [Departments]
WHERE [BranchCode] like '%1001.0000%'

它给了我这样的结果：

BranchCode  Weekday     OpenTime    CloseTime
=============================================
1001.0000   Friday      06:00       21:00
1001.0000   Monday      06:00       21:00
1001.0000   Saturday    NULL        NULL
1001.0000   Sunday      NULL        NULL
1001.0000   Thursday    08:00       17:00
1001.0000   Tuesday     08:00       17:00
1001.0000   Wednesday   08:00       17:00

我想要实现的目标

与每个 BranchCode

的结果 JSON 相似

"1001.0000": {
    "HoursOfOpertion": {
        "Monday": {
            "OpenTime": "06:00",
            "CloseTime": "21:00"
        },
        "Tuesday": {
            "OpenTime": "06:00",
            "CloseTime": "21:00"
        },
        "Wednesday": {
            "OpenTime": "06:00",
            "CloseTime": "21:00"
        },
        "Thursday": {
            "OpenTime": "06:00",
            "CloseTime": "21:00"
        },
        "Friday": {
            "OpenTime": "08:00",
            "CloseTime": "17:00"
        },
        "Saturday": {
            "OpenTime": "NULL",
            "CloseTime": "NULL"
        },
        "Sunday": {
            "OpenTime": "NULL",
            "CloseTime": "NULL"
        }
    }
}

我试过的

我已经使用 PIVOT 和 JOIN 进入了死胡同，我觉得我已经接近了，但我仍然没有得到任何接近我需要的东西。

SELECT distinct
        [CloseTime]
        ,[Sunday]
        ,[Monday]
        ,[Tuesday]
        ,[Wednesday]
        ,[Thursday]
        ,[Friday]
        ,[Saturday]
FROM [Branches] as br
LEFT JOIN(
    SELECT 
        * FROM (
        SELECT DISTINCT
            [Weekday] as [WD]
            ,[OpenTime]
            ,[CloseTime]
            ,[Closed]
            ,[BranchCode]
        FROM [Departments]

    ) AS SRC PIVOT (
        MAX([OpenTime])
            FOR [WD] IN (
        [Sunday]
        ,[Monday]
        ,[Tuesday]
        ,[Wednesday]
        ,[Thursday]
        ,[Friday]
        ,[Saturday]
        )
    ) as PVT
) p
on p.[BranchCode] = br.[BranchCode]
where br.[BranchCode] like '%1001.0000%'
FOR JSON PATH

它给了我这样的东西：

[
    {
        "CloseTime":"1700",
        "Monday":"0800"
    },
    {
        "CloseTime":"1700",
        "Tuesday":"0800"
    },
    {
        "CloseTime":"1700",
        "Wednesday":"0800"
    },
    {
        "CloseTime":"1700",
        "Thursday":"0800"
    },
    {
        "CloseTime":"1700",
        "Friday":"0800"
    },
    {
        "CloseTime":"1800",
        "Saturday":"0800"
    }
]

Answer 1

这里有两个可以让您接近的解决方案。

示例数据：

DECLARE @data TABLE
(
    BranchCode NVARCHAR(100)
    ,WeekDay NVARCHAR(100)
    ,OpenTime NVARCHAR(100)
    ,CloseTime NVARCHAR(100)
)

INSERT INTO @data
VALUES
('1001.0000', 'Friday', '06:00', '21:00')
,('1001.0000', 'Monday', '06:00', '21:00')
,('1001.0000', 'Saturday', NULL, NULL)
,('1001.0000', 'Sunday', NULL, NULL)
,('1001.0000', 'Thursday', '08:00', '17:00')
,('1001.0000', 'Tuesday', '08:00', '17:00')
,('1001.0000', 'Wednesday', '08:00', '17:00')

第一种方法更像是一种动态方法，但与您的预期结果有些偏差，但需要的代码较少。

select BranchCode,
    (SELECT 
        WeekDay
        ,OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode
     FOR JSON PATH
     ) as [HoursOfOperation]
FROM @data dOuter
FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES, ROOT('Branches')

第二个不太动态，但更接近您的示例。因为 SQL 使用 table 名称作为元素名称，所以很难为每个分支提供命名元素。我们可以在工作日执行此操作，因为它们是已知常数。所以基本上你最终会得到一个带有分支代码属性和营业时间的分支对象数组。示例数据也可用于此解决方案。

select DISTINCT BranchCode,
    (SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Sunday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Sunday]
     ,(SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Monday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Monday]
     ,(SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Tuesday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Tuesday]
     ,(SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Wednesday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Wednesday]
     ,(SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Thursday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Thursday]
     ,(SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Friday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Friday]
     ,(SELECT
        OpenTime
        ,CloseTime
     FROM @data dInner
     WHERE dInner.BranchCode = dOuter.BranchCode and dInner.[WeekDay] = 'Saturday'
     FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES
     ) as [HoursOfOperation.Saturday]
FROM @data dOuter
FOR JSON PATH, INCLUDE_NULL_VALUES, ROOT('Branches')

SQL 服务器 - 将营业时间数据规范化为 JSON 对象

SQL Server - Normalize Business Hours Data into JSON Object

sql

sql-server

json

pivot

normalization

我想要实现的目标

我试过的