PIVOT Oracle - 将多行数据转换为具有多列的单行，无聚合数据
PIVOT Oracle - transform multiple row data to single row with multiple columns, no aggregate data
我需要传输以下数据集：
其中只有突出显示的行是感兴趣的（在 ('LN','SN') 中标记），因为我只对产品的序列号和批号感兴趣。
我想将上面的数据集转换成下面的数据集：
它在 1 行中列出了产品及其序列号和批号。
在网上看了一些资料后，我觉得 PIVOT 可能是我需要的。但是，我正在为声明的技术方面而苦苦挣扎。
我试过：
select * from (
select * from TEST2 where tag in ('LN','SN')
)
PIVOT
(
max(value)
for tag in ('LN','SN')
)
order by category,subcat,item,"Date"
但这不会生成我想要的输出。有什么建议吗？ PIVOT 是要使用的正确语句还是在这种情况下是否有其他更合适的语句？我意识到 PIVOT 需要一个聚合函数，但我不计算或添加任何东西。请指教
下面是我的测试table及其数据
CREATE TABLE "TEST2"
( "Date" DATE,
"SUBCAT" VARCHAR2(6 BYTE),
"CATEGORY" VARCHAR2(7 BYTE),
"VALUE" VARCHAR2(17 BYTE),
"ITEM" VARCHAR2(2 BYTE),
"DESCRIPTION" VARCHAR2(15 BYTE),
"TAG" VARCHAR2(3 BYTE)
)
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','OTHER ATTRIBUTE','OA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','SOME COMMENTS','SC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','1105618','25','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','12','25','NOT RELEVANT','NR');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','45','25','NOT USE','NU');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','-1','25','DO NOT CARE','DC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','3x12mm','25','Serial Number','SN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','ABC','ABC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','Whatever','DEF');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','SOME ATTRIBUTE','SA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','OTHER ATTRIBUTE','OA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','isq: 75, 80','28','Other Comments','OC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','SOME COMMENTS','SC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','1303757','28','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','12','28','NOT RELEVANT','NR');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','40','28','NOT USE','NU');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','0','28','DO NOT CARE','DC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','ABC','ABC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','Whatever','DEF');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576',null,'4','SOME ATTRIBUTE','SA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576',null,'4','OTHER ATTRIBUTE','OA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','1403114','4','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','11','4','NOT RELEVANT','NR');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','50','4','NOT USE','NU');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','0','4','DO NOT CARE','DC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576',null,'4','Whatever','DEF');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','7777777777','9','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','9.999999999999E12','9','Serial Number','SN');
您没有对描述进行任何操作，描述也因标签而异。它没有聚合，所以它在隐式 'group by' 中，所以你在结果集中得到单独的行。
您也可以使用另一个（虚拟）聚合捕获它：
select * from (
select * from TEST2 where tag in ('LN', 'SN')
)
PIVOT
(
max(value) as value, max(description) as description
for tag in ('LN' as ln, 'SN' as sn)
)
order by category, subcat, item, "Date";
Date SUBCAT CATEGOR IT LN_VALUE LN_DESCRIPTION SN_VALUE SN_DESCRIPTION
--------- ------ ------- -- ----------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
24-OCT-13 290223 1219576 25 1105618 Lot Number 3x12mm Serial Number
24-OCT-13 290223 1219576 28 1303757 Lot Number
18-JUN-15 354506 1219576 4 1403114 Lot Number
18-JUN-15 354506 1219576 9 7777777777 Lot Number 9.999999999999E12 Serial Number
或者如果您不想要它，更有可能将它从中间结果集中排除，方法是指定您确实想要的列而不是使用 *:
select * from (
select category, subcat, item, "Date", tag, value
from TEST2 where tag in ('LN', 'SN')
)
PIVOT
(
max(value) for tag in ('LN' as ln, 'SN' as sn)
)
order by category, subcat, item, "Date";
CATEGOR SUBCAT IT Date LN SN
------- ------ -- --------- ----------------- -----------------
1219576 290223 25 24-OCT-13 1105618 3x12mm
1219576 290223 28 24-OCT-13 1303757
1219576 354506 4 18-JUN-15 1403114
1219576 354506 9 18-JUN-15 7777777777 9.999999999999E12
在数据透视xml
中获取table数据
with a as (select to_char(xmltype.getclobval(JOB_XML)) k from (
select * from (select ename,job from emp)
pivot xml ( max(ename) for job in (select job from emp))))
SELECT EXTRACTVALUE(VALUE(xml_list), '//column[1]') AS interface_no
,EXTRACTVALUE(VALUE(xml_list), '//column[2]') AS interface_name_a
FROM TABLE(XMLSEQUENCE(EXTRACT(XMLType('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'||(select * from a) ), 'PivotSet/item'))) xml_list;
我需要传输以下数据集：
其中只有突出显示的行是感兴趣的（在 ('LN','SN') 中标记），因为我只对产品的序列号和批号感兴趣。
我想将上面的数据集转换成下面的数据集：
它在 1 行中列出了产品及其序列号和批号。
在网上看了一些资料后，我觉得 PIVOT 可能是我需要的。但是，我正在为声明的技术方面而苦苦挣扎。
我试过：
select * from (
select * from TEST2 where tag in ('LN','SN')
)
PIVOT
(
max(value)
for tag in ('LN','SN')
)
order by category,subcat,item,"Date"
但这不会生成我想要的输出。有什么建议吗？ PIVOT 是要使用的正确语句还是在这种情况下是否有其他更合适的语句？我意识到 PIVOT 需要一个聚合函数，但我不计算或添加任何东西。请指教
下面是我的测试table及其数据
CREATE TABLE "TEST2"
( "Date" DATE,
"SUBCAT" VARCHAR2(6 BYTE),
"CATEGORY" VARCHAR2(7 BYTE),
"VALUE" VARCHAR2(17 BYTE),
"ITEM" VARCHAR2(2 BYTE),
"DESCRIPTION" VARCHAR2(15 BYTE),
"TAG" VARCHAR2(3 BYTE)
)
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','OTHER ATTRIBUTE','OA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','SOME COMMENTS','SC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','1105618','25','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','12','25','NOT RELEVANT','NR');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','45','25','NOT USE','NU');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','-1','25','DO NOT CARE','DC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','3x12mm','25','Serial Number','SN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','ABC','ABC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'25','Whatever','DEF');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','SOME ATTRIBUTE','SA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','OTHER ATTRIBUTE','OA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','isq: 75, 80','28','Other Comments','OC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','SOME COMMENTS','SC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','1303757','28','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','12','28','NOT RELEVANT','NR');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','40','28','NOT USE','NU');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576','0','28','DO NOT CARE','DC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','ABC','ABC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('24-OCT-13','DD-MON-RR'),'290223','1219576',null,'28','Whatever','DEF');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576',null,'4','SOME ATTRIBUTE','SA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576',null,'4','OTHER ATTRIBUTE','OA');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','1403114','4','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','11','4','NOT RELEVANT','NR');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','50','4','NOT USE','NU');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','0','4','DO NOT CARE','DC');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576',null,'4','Whatever','DEF');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','7777777777','9','Lot Number','LN');
Insert into TEST2 ("Date",SUBCAT,CATEGORY,VALUE,ITEM,DESCRIPTION,TAG) values (to_date('18-JUN-15','DD-MON-RR'),'354506','1219576','9.999999999999E12','9','Serial Number','SN');
您没有对描述进行任何操作，描述也因标签而异。它没有聚合，所以它在隐式 'group by' 中，所以你在结果集中得到单独的行。
您也可以使用另一个（虚拟）聚合捕获它：
select * from (
select * from TEST2 where tag in ('LN', 'SN')
)
PIVOT
(
max(value) as value, max(description) as description
for tag in ('LN' as ln, 'SN' as sn)
)
order by category, subcat, item, "Date";
Date SUBCAT CATEGOR IT LN_VALUE LN_DESCRIPTION SN_VALUE SN_DESCRIPTION
--------- ------ ------- -- ----------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
24-OCT-13 290223 1219576 25 1105618 Lot Number 3x12mm Serial Number
24-OCT-13 290223 1219576 28 1303757 Lot Number
18-JUN-15 354506 1219576 4 1403114 Lot Number
18-JUN-15 354506 1219576 9 7777777777 Lot Number 9.999999999999E12 Serial Number
或者如果您不想要它，更有可能将它从中间结果集中排除，方法是指定您确实想要的列而不是使用 *:
select * from (
select category, subcat, item, "Date", tag, value
from TEST2 where tag in ('LN', 'SN')
)
PIVOT
(
max(value) for tag in ('LN' as ln, 'SN' as sn)
)
order by category, subcat, item, "Date";
CATEGOR SUBCAT IT Date LN SN
------- ------ -- --------- ----------------- -----------------
1219576 290223 25 24-OCT-13 1105618 3x12mm
1219576 290223 28 24-OCT-13 1303757
1219576 354506 4 18-JUN-15 1403114
1219576 354506 9 18-JUN-15 7777777777 9.999999999999E12
在数据透视xml
中获取table数据
with a as (select to_char(xmltype.getclobval(JOB_XML)) k from (
select * from (select ename,job from emp)
pivot xml ( max(ename) for job in (select job from emp))))
SELECT EXTRACTVALUE(VALUE(xml_list), '//column[1]') AS interface_no
,EXTRACTVALUE(VALUE(xml_list), '//column[2]') AS interface_name_a
FROM TABLE(XMLSEQUENCE(EXTRACT(XMLType('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'||(select * from a) ), 'PivotSet/item'))) xml_list;