每次用户按键时如何录制音频？
How to record audio each time user presses a key?
当且仅当用户按下 ctrl 键并在用户按下 ctrl+c 键时关闭录音循环时，如何不确定地录制用户的音频？ 到目前为止基于在一些在线示例中构建此脚本：
from pynput import keyboard
import time, os
import pyaudio
import wave
import sched
import sys
from playsound import playsound
CHUNK = 8192
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 2
RATE = 44100
WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME = "mic.wav"
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
frames = []
def callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
frames.append(in_data)
return (in_data, pyaudio.paContinue)
class MyListener(keyboard.Listener):
def __init__(self):
super(MyListener, self).__init__(self.on_press, self.on_release)
self.key_pressed = None
self.wf = wave.open(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME, 'wb')
self.wf.setnchannels(CHANNELS)
self.wf.setsampwidth(p.get_sample_size(FORMAT))
self.wf.setframerate(RATE)
def on_press(self, key):
try:
if key.ctrl:
self.key_pressed = True
return True
except AttributeError:
sys.exit()
def on_release(self, key):
if key.ctrl:
self.key_pressed = False
return True
listener = MyListener()
listener.start()
started = False
stream = None
def recorder():
global started, p, stream, frames
while True:
try:
if listener.key_pressed and not started:
# Start the recording
try:
stream = p.open(format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK,
stream_callback = callback)
print("Stream active:", stream.is_active())
started = True
print("start Stream")
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nRecording finished: ' + repr(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME))
quit()
elif not listener.key_pressed and started:
print("Stop recording")
listener.wf.writeframes(b''.join(frames))
listener.wf.close()
print("You should have a wav file in the current directory")
print('-> Playing recorded sound...')
playsound(str(os.getcwd())+'/mic.wav')
os.system('python "/Users/user/rec.py"')
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nRecording finished: ' + repr(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME))
quit()
except AttributeError:
quit()
print ("-> Press and hold the 'ctrl' key to record your audio")
print ("-> Release the 'ctrl' key to end recording")
recorder()
问题是效率真的很低，比如电脑开始发热。我发现让程序保持 运行 并录制不同音频样本的唯一方法是：os.system('python "/Users/user/rec.py"')。为了完成程序，我尝试使用以下方法捕获异常：
except AttributeError:
sys.exit()
或用户输入：
if key.ctrl_c:
sys.exit()
基于 pyinput docs，我试图有效地使用监听器。但是，对于这种特定情况，建议使用这些侦听器的方式是什么？
试试这个：
import sys
try:
#Your code here
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit()
我真的不建议使用 ctrl + c 做任何事情而不是打扰。另外，我不建议一直按某个按钮来继续录制。我的建议是一键录音，一键停止；这就是为什么在下面的代码中我使用 s 到 start 记录和 q 到 quit。它是完全可配置的，您可以根据自己的喜好进行更改：
安装依赖项
pip install pyaudio numpy scipy
sudo pip install keyboard
录音机
一个简单的 class 从你的麦克风录音：
import pyaudio
import keyboard
import numpy as np
from scipy.io import wavfile
class Recorder():
def __init__(self, filename):
self.audio_format = pyaudio.paInt16
self.channels = 1
self.sample_rate = 44100
self.chunk = int(0.03*self.sample_rate)
self.filename = filename
self.START_KEY = 's'
self.STOP_KEY = 'q'
def record(self):
recorded_data = []
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=self.audio_format, channels=self.channels,
rate=self.sample_rate, input=True,
frames_per_buffer=self.chunk)
while(True):
data = stream.read(self.chunk)
recorded_data.append(data)
if keyboard.is_pressed(self.STOP_KEY):
print("Stop recording")
# stop and close the stream
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
#convert recorded data to numpy array
recorded_data = [np.frombuffer(frame, dtype=np.int16) for frame in recorded_data]
wav = np.concatenate(recorded_data, axis=0)
wavfile.write(self.filename, self.sample_rate, wav)
print("You should have a wav file in the current directory")
break
def listen(self):
print(f"Press `{self.START_KEY}` to start and `{self.STOP_KEY}` to quit!")
while True:
if keyboard.is_pressed(self.START_KEY):
self.record()
break
要使用此 class，只需像这样调用 listen() 方法：
recorder = Recorded("mic.wav") #name of output file
recorder.listen()
至于您的计算机似乎非常努力地工作的主要问题，那是因为您使用了一个 while 循环来不断检查记录密钥何时被释放。在这个循环中，计算机将尽可能快地循环，从不休息。
更好的解决方案是使用事件驱动编程，让 OS 定期通知您事件，并在事件发生时检查您是否想做任何事情。这听起来可能很复杂，但幸运的是 pynput 为您完成了大部分艰苦的工作。
如果您跟踪记录或回放的状态，则在下次控制键按下事件发生时开始新记录也相当简单，而无需递归调用整个新过程的“技巧”对于每个新录音。键盘侦听器内的事件循环将继续进行，直到回调函数之一 returns False 或引发 self.stopException().
我创建了一个简单的 listener class 类似于您最初的尝试，它调用记录器或播放器实例（我稍后会谈到）来启动和停止。我也必须同意 Anwarvic 的观点，<ctl-c> 应该被保留作为停止脚本的紧急方式，所以我将停止命令更改为字母 q.
class listener(keyboard.Listener):
def __init__(self, recorder, player):
super().__init__(on_press = self.on_press, on_release = self.on_release)
self.recorder = recorder
self.player = player
def on_press(self, key):
if key is None: #unknown event
pass
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.Key): #special key event
if key.ctrl and self.player.playing == 0:
self.recorder.start()
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.KeyCode): #alphanumeric key event
if key.char == 'q': #press q to quit
if self.recorder.recording:
self.recorder.stop()
return False #this is how you stop the listener thread
if key.char == 'p' and not self.recorder.recording:
self.player.start()
def on_release(self, key):
if key is None: #unknown event
pass
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.Key): #special key event
if key.ctrl:
self.recorder.stop()
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.KeyCode): #alphanumeric key event
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
r = recorder("mic.wav")
p = player("mic.wav")
l = listener(r, p)
print('hold ctrl to record, press p to playback, press q to quit')
l.start() #keyboard listener is a thread so we start it here
l.join() #wait for the tread to terminate so the program doesn't instantly close
有了这个结构，我们就需要一个记录器class，它具有启动和停止功能，不会阻止（异步）侦听器线程继续接收关键事件。 PyAudio 的文档为异步输出提供了一个很好的示例，因此我只是将其应用于输入。稍微重新安排一下，还有一个标志让我们的听众知道我们稍后录音，我们有一个录音机 class:
class recorder:
def __init__(self,
wavfile,
chunksize=8192,
dataformat=pyaudio.paInt16,
channels=2,
rate=44100):
self.filename = wavfile
self.chunksize = chunksize
self.dataformat = dataformat
self.channels = channels
self.rate = rate
self.recording = False
self.pa = pyaudio.PyAudio()
def start(self):
#we call start and stop from the keyboard listener, so we use the asynchronous
# version of pyaudio streaming. The keyboard listener must regain control to
# begin listening again for the key release.
if not self.recording:
self.wf = wave.open(self.filename, 'wb')
self.wf.setnchannels(self.channels)
self.wf.setsampwidth(self.pa.get_sample_size(self.dataformat))
self.wf.setframerate(self.rate)
def callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
#file write should be able to keep up with audio data stream (about 1378 Kbps)
self.wf.writeframes(in_data)
return (in_data, pyaudio.paContinue)
self.stream = self.pa.open(format = self.dataformat,
channels = self.channels,
rate = self.rate,
input = True,
stream_callback = callback)
self.stream.start_stream()
self.recording = True
print('recording started')
def stop(self):
if self.recording:
self.stream.stop_stream()
self.stream.close()
self.wf.close()
self.recording = False
print('recording finished')
最后，我们创建了一个音频播放器，当您按下 p 时可以播放音频。我将 PyAudio 示例放入一个线程中，该线程在您每次按下按钮时都会创建，以便可以创建多个彼此重叠的播放器。我们还会跟踪有多少玩家在玩，所以我们不会在文件已被玩家使用时尝试录制。 （我还在顶部包含了我的导入）
from threading import Thread, Lock
from pynput import keyboard
import pyaudio
import wave
class player:
def __init__(self, wavfile):
self.wavfile = wavfile
self.playing = 0 #flag so we don't try to record while the wav file is in use
self.lock = Lock() #muutex so incrementing and decrementing self.playing is safe
#contents of the run function are processed in another thread so we use the blocking
# version of pyaudio play file example: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/#play-wave-example
def run(self):
with self.lock:
self.playing += 1
with wave.open(self.wavfile, 'rb') as wf:
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(wf.getsampwidth()),
channels=wf.getnchannels(),
rate=wf.getframerate(),
output=True)
data = wf.readframes(8192)
while data != b'':
stream.write(data)
data = wf.readframes(8192)
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
wf.close()
with self.lock:
self.playing -= 1
def start(self):
Thread(target=self.run).start()
我不能保证它完全没有错误，但如果您对它的工作原理/如何让它工作有任何疑问，请随时发表评论。
当且仅当用户按下 ctrl 键并在用户按下 ctrl+c 键时关闭录音循环时，如何不确定地录制用户的音频？ 到目前为止基于在一些在线示例中构建此脚本：
from pynput import keyboard
import time, os
import pyaudio
import wave
import sched
import sys
from playsound import playsound
CHUNK = 8192
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 2
RATE = 44100
WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME = "mic.wav"
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
frames = []
def callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
frames.append(in_data)
return (in_data, pyaudio.paContinue)
class MyListener(keyboard.Listener):
def __init__(self):
super(MyListener, self).__init__(self.on_press, self.on_release)
self.key_pressed = None
self.wf = wave.open(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME, 'wb')
self.wf.setnchannels(CHANNELS)
self.wf.setsampwidth(p.get_sample_size(FORMAT))
self.wf.setframerate(RATE)
def on_press(self, key):
try:
if key.ctrl:
self.key_pressed = True
return True
except AttributeError:
sys.exit()
def on_release(self, key):
if key.ctrl:
self.key_pressed = False
return True
listener = MyListener()
listener.start()
started = False
stream = None
def recorder():
global started, p, stream, frames
while True:
try:
if listener.key_pressed and not started:
# Start the recording
try:
stream = p.open(format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNELS,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK,
stream_callback = callback)
print("Stream active:", stream.is_active())
started = True
print("start Stream")
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nRecording finished: ' + repr(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME))
quit()
elif not listener.key_pressed and started:
print("Stop recording")
listener.wf.writeframes(b''.join(frames))
listener.wf.close()
print("You should have a wav file in the current directory")
print('-> Playing recorded sound...')
playsound(str(os.getcwd())+'/mic.wav')
os.system('python "/Users/user/rec.py"')
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nRecording finished: ' + repr(WAVE_OUTPUT_FILENAME))
quit()
except AttributeError:
quit()
print ("-> Press and hold the 'ctrl' key to record your audio")
print ("-> Release the 'ctrl' key to end recording")
recorder()
问题是效率真的很低，比如电脑开始发热。我发现让程序保持 运行 并录制不同音频样本的唯一方法是：os.system('python "/Users/user/rec.py"')。为了完成程序，我尝试使用以下方法捕获异常：
except AttributeError:
sys.exit()
或用户输入：
if key.ctrl_c:
sys.exit()
基于 pyinput docs，我试图有效地使用监听器。但是，对于这种特定情况，建议使用这些侦听器的方式是什么？
试试这个：
import sys
try:
#Your code here
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit()
我真的不建议使用 ctrl + c 做任何事情而不是打扰。另外，我不建议一直按某个按钮来继续录制。我的建议是一键录音，一键停止；这就是为什么在下面的代码中我使用 s 到 start 记录和 q 到 quit。它是完全可配置的，您可以根据自己的喜好进行更改：
安装依赖项
pip install pyaudio numpy scipy
sudo pip install keyboard
录音机
一个简单的 class 从你的麦克风录音：
import pyaudio
import keyboard
import numpy as np
from scipy.io import wavfile
class Recorder():
def __init__(self, filename):
self.audio_format = pyaudio.paInt16
self.channels = 1
self.sample_rate = 44100
self.chunk = int(0.03*self.sample_rate)
self.filename = filename
self.START_KEY = 's'
self.STOP_KEY = 'q'
def record(self):
recorded_data = []
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=self.audio_format, channels=self.channels,
rate=self.sample_rate, input=True,
frames_per_buffer=self.chunk)
while(True):
data = stream.read(self.chunk)
recorded_data.append(data)
if keyboard.is_pressed(self.STOP_KEY):
print("Stop recording")
# stop and close the stream
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
#convert recorded data to numpy array
recorded_data = [np.frombuffer(frame, dtype=np.int16) for frame in recorded_data]
wav = np.concatenate(recorded_data, axis=0)
wavfile.write(self.filename, self.sample_rate, wav)
print("You should have a wav file in the current directory")
break
def listen(self):
print(f"Press `{self.START_KEY}` to start and `{self.STOP_KEY}` to quit!")
while True:
if keyboard.is_pressed(self.START_KEY):
self.record()
break
要使用此 class，只需像这样调用 listen() 方法：
recorder = Recorded("mic.wav") #name of output file
recorder.listen()
至于您的计算机似乎非常努力地工作的主要问题，那是因为您使用了一个 while 循环来不断检查记录密钥何时被释放。在这个循环中，计算机将尽可能快地循环，从不休息。
更好的解决方案是使用事件驱动编程，让 OS 定期通知您事件，并在事件发生时检查您是否想做任何事情。这听起来可能很复杂，但幸运的是 pynput 为您完成了大部分艰苦的工作。
如果您跟踪记录或回放的状态，则在下次控制键按下事件发生时开始新记录也相当简单，而无需递归调用整个新过程的“技巧”对于每个新录音。键盘侦听器内的事件循环将继续进行，直到回调函数之一 returns False 或引发 self.stopException().
我创建了一个简单的 listener class 类似于您最初的尝试，它调用记录器或播放器实例（我稍后会谈到）来启动和停止。我也必须同意 Anwarvic 的观点，<ctl-c> 应该被保留作为停止脚本的紧急方式，所以我将停止命令更改为字母 q.
class listener(keyboard.Listener):
def __init__(self, recorder, player):
super().__init__(on_press = self.on_press, on_release = self.on_release)
self.recorder = recorder
self.player = player
def on_press(self, key):
if key is None: #unknown event
pass
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.Key): #special key event
if key.ctrl and self.player.playing == 0:
self.recorder.start()
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.KeyCode): #alphanumeric key event
if key.char == 'q': #press q to quit
if self.recorder.recording:
self.recorder.stop()
return False #this is how you stop the listener thread
if key.char == 'p' and not self.recorder.recording:
self.player.start()
def on_release(self, key):
if key is None: #unknown event
pass
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.Key): #special key event
if key.ctrl:
self.recorder.stop()
elif isinstance(key, keyboard.KeyCode): #alphanumeric key event
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
r = recorder("mic.wav")
p = player("mic.wav")
l = listener(r, p)
print('hold ctrl to record, press p to playback, press q to quit')
l.start() #keyboard listener is a thread so we start it here
l.join() #wait for the tread to terminate so the program doesn't instantly close
有了这个结构，我们就需要一个记录器class，它具有启动和停止功能，不会阻止（异步）侦听器线程继续接收关键事件。 PyAudio 的文档为异步输出提供了一个很好的示例，因此我只是将其应用于输入。稍微重新安排一下，还有一个标志让我们的听众知道我们稍后录音，我们有一个录音机 class:
class recorder:
def __init__(self,
wavfile,
chunksize=8192,
dataformat=pyaudio.paInt16,
channels=2,
rate=44100):
self.filename = wavfile
self.chunksize = chunksize
self.dataformat = dataformat
self.channels = channels
self.rate = rate
self.recording = False
self.pa = pyaudio.PyAudio()
def start(self):
#we call start and stop from the keyboard listener, so we use the asynchronous
# version of pyaudio streaming. The keyboard listener must regain control to
# begin listening again for the key release.
if not self.recording:
self.wf = wave.open(self.filename, 'wb')
self.wf.setnchannels(self.channels)
self.wf.setsampwidth(self.pa.get_sample_size(self.dataformat))
self.wf.setframerate(self.rate)
def callback(in_data, frame_count, time_info, status):
#file write should be able to keep up with audio data stream (about 1378 Kbps)
self.wf.writeframes(in_data)
return (in_data, pyaudio.paContinue)
self.stream = self.pa.open(format = self.dataformat,
channels = self.channels,
rate = self.rate,
input = True,
stream_callback = callback)
self.stream.start_stream()
self.recording = True
print('recording started')
def stop(self):
if self.recording:
self.stream.stop_stream()
self.stream.close()
self.wf.close()
self.recording = False
print('recording finished')
最后，我们创建了一个音频播放器，当您按下 p 时可以播放音频。我将 PyAudio 示例放入一个线程中，该线程在您每次按下按钮时都会创建，以便可以创建多个彼此重叠的播放器。我们还会跟踪有多少玩家在玩，所以我们不会在文件已被玩家使用时尝试录制。 （我还在顶部包含了我的导入）
from threading import Thread, Lock
from pynput import keyboard
import pyaudio
import wave
class player:
def __init__(self, wavfile):
self.wavfile = wavfile
self.playing = 0 #flag so we don't try to record while the wav file is in use
self.lock = Lock() #muutex so incrementing and decrementing self.playing is safe
#contents of the run function are processed in another thread so we use the blocking
# version of pyaudio play file example: http://people.csail.mit.edu/hubert/pyaudio/#play-wave-example
def run(self):
with self.lock:
self.playing += 1
with wave.open(self.wavfile, 'rb') as wf:
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(wf.getsampwidth()),
channels=wf.getnchannels(),
rate=wf.getframerate(),
output=True)
data = wf.readframes(8192)
while data != b'':
stream.write(data)
data = wf.readframes(8192)
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
wf.close()
with self.lock:
self.playing -= 1
def start(self):
Thread(target=self.run).start()
我不能保证它完全没有错误，但如果您对它的工作原理/如何让它工作有任何疑问，请随时发表评论。