使用 Powershell 为域组设置文件夹权限时收到 "Incorrectly ordered" 错误消息

Question

我正在尝试通过 Powershell 为文件夹设置权限以下是代码：

$acl = Get-Acl $folderPath
$acl.SetAccessRuleProtection($True, $True)

$ruleOwner = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($group,"Modify", "ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow")
$acl.AddAccessRule($ruleOwner)

Set-Acl $folderPath $acl

一旦我运行此代码并尝试打开相关文件夹的安全选项卡，我收到错误消息：

The permissions on [folder name] are incorrectly ordered, which may cause some entries to be ineffective.

将文件夹权限设置为特定组的正确方法是什么？

Answer 1

访问规则 (ACE) 需要 ordered in a certain way 在 ACL 中。基本上顺序是

所有显式 ACE 都放在一个组中，位于任何继承的 ACE 之前。
在显式 ACE 组中，拒绝访问的 ACE 位于允许访问的 ACE 之前。
继承的 ACE 按照继承顺序排列。从子对象的父对象继承的 ACE 先出现，然后是从祖父对象继承的 ACE，依此类推对象树。
对于每个级别的继承 ACE，拒绝访问的 ACE 位于允许访问的 ACE 之前。

如果此顺序以某种方式混淆，您将看到“权限顺序不正确”错误消息。

要重新排列权限的顺序，您可以使用以下函数：

function Repair-DirectoryPermissions {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName = $true)]
        [ValidateScript({Test-Path $_ -PathType Container})]
        [string]$Path
    )

    $acl = Get-Acl -Path $Path
    # create a new empty ACL object
    $newAcl = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.DirectorySecurity

    # copy the access rules from the existing ACL to the new one in the correct order
    # first the explicit DENY rules
    $acl.Access | Where-Object { !$_.IsInherited -and $_.AccessControlType -eq 'Deny' } | ForEach-Object {
        $newAcl.AddAccessRule($_)
    }
    # next the explicit ALLOW rules
    $acl.Access | Where-Object { !$_.IsInherited -and $_.AccessControlType -eq 'Allow' } | ForEach-Object {
        $newAcl.AddAccessRule($_)
    }
    # finally the inherited rules
    $acl.Access | Where-Object { $_.IsInherited } | ForEach-Object {
        $newAcl.AddAccessRule($_)
    }

    # set the the reordered ACL to the directory object
    Set-Acl -Path $Path -AclObject $newAcl
}

并像这样使用它：

Repair-DirectoryPermissions -Path 'D:\Blah'

执行此操作时，您可能会遇到异常，告诉您需要 SeSecurityPrivilege 权限才能执行此操作。
为此，在脚本之上添加另一个函数：

function Enable-Privilege {
    [CmdletBinding(ConfirmImpact = 'low', SupportsShouldProcess = $false)]  
    [OutputType('System.Boolean')]
    Param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
        [ValidateSet(
            "SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege", "SeAuditPrivilege", "SeBackupPrivilege", "SeChangeNotifyPrivilege", 
            "SeCreateGlobalPrivilege", "SeCreatePagefilePrivilege", "SeCreatePermanentPrivilege", 
            "SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege", "SeCreateTokenPrivilege", "SeDebugPrivilege", "SeEnableDelegationPrivilege", 
            "SeImpersonatePrivilege", "SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege", "SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege", 
            "SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege", "SeLoadDriverPrivilege", "SeLockMemoryPrivilege", 
            "SeMachineAccountPrivilege", "SeManageVolumePrivilege", "SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege", 
            "SeRelabelPrivilege", "SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege", "SeRestorePrivilege", "SeSecurityPrivilege", 
            "SeShutdownPrivilege", "SeSyncAgentPrivilege", "SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege", "SeSystemProfilePrivilege", 
            "SeSystemtimePrivilege", "SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege", "SeTcbPrivilege", "SeTimeZonePrivilege", 
            "SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege", "SeUndockPrivilege", "SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege")]
        [String]$Privilege,

        [Parameter(Position = 1)]
        $ProcessId = $PID,

        [switch]$Disable
        )

    begin {
        Add-Type -TypeDefinition @'
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class Privilege {
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool AdjustTokenPrivileges(IntPtr htok, bool disall, ref TokPriv1Luid newst, int len, IntPtr prev, IntPtr relen);

    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool OpenProcessToken(IntPtr h, int acc, ref IntPtr phtok);

    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    internal static extern bool LookupPrivilegeValue(string host, string name, ref long pluid);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
    internal struct TokPriv1Luid {
        public int Count;
        public long Luid;
        public int Attr;
    }

    internal const int SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED    = 0x00000002;
    internal const int SE_PRIVILEGE_DISABLED   = 0x00000000;
    internal const int TOKEN_QUERY             = 0x00000008;
    internal const int TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x00000020;

    public static bool EnablePrivilege(long processHandle, string privilege, bool disable) {
        bool retVal;
        TokPriv1Luid tp;
        IntPtr hproc = new IntPtr(processHandle);
        IntPtr htok = IntPtr.Zero;
        retVal = OpenProcessToken(hproc, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES | TOKEN_QUERY, ref htok);
        tp.Count = 1;
        tp.Luid = 0;
        if(disable) { tp.Attr = SE_PRIVILEGE_DISABLED; }
        else { tp.Attr = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED; }
        retVal = LookupPrivilegeValue(null, privilege, ref tp.Luid);
        retVal = AdjustTokenPrivileges(htok, false, ref tp, 0, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
        return retVal;
    }
}
'@
    }
    process {
        try {
            $proc   = Get-Process -Id $ProcessId -ErrorAction Stop
            $name   = $proc.ProcessName
            $handle = $proc.Handle
            $action = if ($Disable) { 'Disabling' } else { 'Enabling' }
            Write-Verbose ("{0} '{1}' for process {2}" -f $action, $Privilege, $name)
            [Privilege]::EnablePrivilege($handle, $Privilege, [bool]$Disable)
        }
        catch {
            throw
        }
    }
}

并调用两个函数：

Enable-Privilege -Privilege SeSecurityPrivilege
Repair-DirectoryPermissions -Path 'D:\Blah'

使用 Powershell 为域组设置文件夹权限时收到 "Incorrectly ordered" 错误消息

Getting "Incorrectly ordered" error message when setting a folder permission to a domain group using Powershell

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