链接 SDL2 与 CMake
Linking SDL2 with CMake
我在将 SDL2 链接到我的项目时遇到问题，这可能是因为我是 CMake 的新手，而且我不完全知道如何使用它创建新项目。我尝试解决此问题的每次和方法都导致了以下问题之一：
- “找不到 WinMain@16”
- 多个未定义的引用错误
- 对`SDL_main`的未定义引用
我尝试使用 find_package，直接链接到文件，链接到库文件，遵循教程（例如 https://trenki2.github.io/blog/2017/06/02/using-sdl2-with-cmake/), searching for answers (most of them talk about using find_package which I can't get to work) (for example ）。
项目依赖关系
SDL 2.0.12、CMake 3.17.0、7-Zip、mingw32-make、wget
该项目应该是跨平台的，但主要开发人员是 Windows10。所有脚本都是 运行 来自根文件夹“vivaria”的。
项目结构
vivaria/
├── build/
│ └── [cmake build files]
├── buildtools/
│ └── SDL2/SDL2-2.0.12/lib/x86 (and x64)
│ ├── SDL2.lib
│ └── SDL2main.libs
├── deploy/
├── resources/
├── scripts/
│ ├── build_windows_debug_x86.bat
│ └── install_buildtools_windows.bat
└── src/
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── vivaria.cpp
build_windows_debug_x86.bat
cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -S .\src\ -B .\build\ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
cd .\build\
mingw32-make
vivaria.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "SDL.h"
int main() {
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) != 0){
std::cout << "Hello world" << std::endl;
return 1;
}
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
CMakeLists.txt: 对 SDL_main
的未定义引用
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)
project(Vivaria VERSION 1.0.0)
set(CMAKE_CXX_GLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -lmingw32")
# set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++")
set(INCLUDE_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/../buildtools")
set(SDL2_DIR "${INCLUDE_DIR}/SDL2/SDL2-2.0.12")
set(SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS "${SDL2_DIR}/include")
set(CMAKE_BINARY_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/../deploy")
# Support both 32 and 64 bit builds
if (${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P} MATCHES 8)
set(SDL2_LIBRARIES "${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x64/SDL2main.lib;${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x64/SDL2.lib")
else ()
set(SDL2_LIBRARIES "${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x86/SDL2main.lib;${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x86/SDL2.lib")
endif ()
# link dependencies
include_directories(${SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${SDL2_LIBRARIES})
# Project files and linking
set(SOURCES vivaria.cpp)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} vivaria.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SDL2_LIBRARIES})
控制台输出
F:\Koodit\Vivaria\build>mingw32-make
[ 50%] Linking CXX executable Vivaria.exe
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: F:/Koodit/Vivaria/src/../buildtools/SDL2/SDL2-2.0.12/lib/x86/SDL2main.lib(Win32/Release/SDL_windows_main.obj):(.text[_main_getcmdline]+0xd1): undefined reference to `SDL_main'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles\Vivaria.dir\build.make:104: recipe for target 'Vivaria.exe' failed
mingw32-make[2]: *** [Vivaria.exe] Error 1
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:91: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/Vivaria.dir/all' failed
mingw32-make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Vivaria.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:99: recipe for target 'all' failed
mingw32-make: *** [all] Error 2
install_buildtools_windows.bat
set SDL2=SDL2-devel-2.0.12-VC.zip
set DOWNLOAD_DIR=%cd%\buildtools
set OUTPUT_DIR=%cd%\buildtools\SDL2
wget "https://libsdl.org/release/%SDL2%" -P "%DOWNLOAD_DIR%"
7z x "%DOWNLOAD_DIR%\%SDL2%" -y -o%OUTPUT_DIR%
del /F /Q %DOWNLOAD_DIR%\%SDL2%
如您所见，我对 CMake 还是“有点”陌生，但我正在努力学习。
感谢Tsyvarev！
在源文件中设置宏 SDL_MAIN_HANDLED 解决了问题。
#define SDL_MAIN_HANDLED // insert this
#include <iostream>
#include "SDL.h"
int main() {
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) != 0){
std::cout << "Hello world" << std::endl;
return 1;
}
std::cout << "Hello world 2" << std::endl;
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
哎呀。关于你的 CMakeLists 的一切都是错误的。
- 从不 在您的 CMakeLists.txt
中设置 CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS
- 从不使用
include_directories或link_directories
- 从不 使用没有可见性说明符的
target_link_libraries。
- 从不 手动设置库路径。
- 不要将目标名称设置为项目名称。这是毫无意义的复杂性和糟糕的风格。
这就是您所需要的：
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(Vivaria VERSION 1.0.0)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED YES)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED)
add_executable(Vivaria vivaria.cpp)
target_link_libraries(Vivaria PRIVATE SDL2::SDL2)
您的代码也有错误。您需要将此行添加到文件的顶部
#define SDL_MAIN_HANDLED
首先，使用vcpkg安装SDL2。然后，通过上述更改，使用以下命令为我编译和运行：
> mkdir build
> cd build
> cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=X:/path/to/vcpkg.cmake ..
我在将 SDL2 链接到我的项目时遇到问题，这可能是因为我是 CMake 的新手，而且我不完全知道如何使用它创建新项目。我尝试解决此问题的每次和方法都导致了以下问题之一：
- “找不到 WinMain@16”
- 多个未定义的引用错误
- 对`SDL_main`的未定义引用
我尝试使用 find_package，直接链接到文件，链接到库文件，遵循教程（例如 https://trenki2.github.io/blog/2017/06/02/using-sdl2-with-cmake/), searching for answers (most of them talk about using find_package which I can't get to work) (for example
项目依赖关系
SDL 2.0.12、CMake 3.17.0、7-Zip、mingw32-make、wget
该项目应该是跨平台的，但主要开发人员是 Windows10。所有脚本都是 运行 来自根文件夹“vivaria”的。
项目结构
vivaria/
├── build/
│ └── [cmake build files]
├── buildtools/
│ └── SDL2/SDL2-2.0.12/lib/x86 (and x64)
│ ├── SDL2.lib
│ └── SDL2main.libs
├── deploy/
├── resources/
├── scripts/
│ ├── build_windows_debug_x86.bat
│ └── install_buildtools_windows.bat
└── src/
├── CMakeLists.txt
└── vivaria.cpp
build_windows_debug_x86.bat
cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -S .\src\ -B .\build\ -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
cd .\build\
mingw32-make
vivaria.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "SDL.h"
int main() {
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) != 0){
std::cout << "Hello world" << std::endl;
return 1;
}
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
CMakeLists.txt: 对 SDL_main
的未定义引用cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)
project(Vivaria VERSION 1.0.0)
set(CMAKE_CXX_GLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -lmingw32")
# set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS "-static-libgcc -static-libstdc++")
set(INCLUDE_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/../buildtools")
set(SDL2_DIR "${INCLUDE_DIR}/SDL2/SDL2-2.0.12")
set(SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS "${SDL2_DIR}/include")
set(CMAKE_BINARY_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/../deploy")
# Support both 32 and 64 bit builds
if (${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P} MATCHES 8)
set(SDL2_LIBRARIES "${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x64/SDL2main.lib;${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x64/SDL2.lib")
else ()
set(SDL2_LIBRARIES "${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x86/SDL2main.lib;${SDL2_DIR}/lib/x86/SDL2.lib")
endif ()
# link dependencies
include_directories(${SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${SDL2_LIBRARIES})
# Project files and linking
set(SOURCES vivaria.cpp)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} vivaria.cpp)
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SDL2_LIBRARIES})
控制台输出
F:\Koodit\Vivaria\build>mingw32-make
[ 50%] Linking CXX executable Vivaria.exe
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: F:/Koodit/Vivaria/src/../buildtools/SDL2/SDL2-2.0.12/lib/x86/SDL2main.lib(Win32/Release/SDL_windows_main.obj):(.text[_main_getcmdline]+0xd1): undefined reference to `SDL_main'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles\Vivaria.dir\build.make:104: recipe for target 'Vivaria.exe' failed
mingw32-make[2]: *** [Vivaria.exe] Error 1
CMakeFiles\Makefile2:91: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/Vivaria.dir/all' failed
mingw32-make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Vivaria.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:99: recipe for target 'all' failed
mingw32-make: *** [all] Error 2
install_buildtools_windows.bat
set SDL2=SDL2-devel-2.0.12-VC.zip
set DOWNLOAD_DIR=%cd%\buildtools
set OUTPUT_DIR=%cd%\buildtools\SDL2
wget "https://libsdl.org/release/%SDL2%" -P "%DOWNLOAD_DIR%"
7z x "%DOWNLOAD_DIR%\%SDL2%" -y -o%OUTPUT_DIR%
del /F /Q %DOWNLOAD_DIR%\%SDL2%
如您所见，我对 CMake 还是“有点”陌生，但我正在努力学习。
感谢Tsyvarev！
在源文件中设置宏 SDL_MAIN_HANDLED 解决了问题。
#define SDL_MAIN_HANDLED // insert this
#include <iostream>
#include "SDL.h"
int main() {
if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) != 0){
std::cout << "Hello world" << std::endl;
return 1;
}
std::cout << "Hello world 2" << std::endl;
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}
哎呀。关于你的 CMakeLists 的一切都是错误的。
- 从不 在您的 CMakeLists.txt 中设置
- 从不使用
include_directories或link_directories - 从不 使用没有可见性说明符的
target_link_libraries。 - 从不 手动设置库路径。
- 不要将目标名称设置为项目名称。这是毫无意义的复杂性和糟糕的风格。
CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS
这就是您所需要的：
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(Vivaria VERSION 1.0.0)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED YES)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED)
add_executable(Vivaria vivaria.cpp)
target_link_libraries(Vivaria PRIVATE SDL2::SDL2)
您的代码也有错误。您需要将此行添加到文件的顶部
#define SDL_MAIN_HANDLED
首先，使用vcpkg安装SDL2。然后，通过上述更改，使用以下命令为我编译和运行：
> mkdir build
> cd build
> cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=X:/path/to/vcpkg.cmake ..