如何使用 Xamarin.Forms 在 Android X 和 iOS 上下载公开可用的文件？

Question

查看此问题 xamarin/Essentials#1322，如何在 Android（版本 6-10、Api 23-29）和 iOS（ 13.1+ 版），仅 public 可用（可共享给其他应用，例如 Microsoft Word）。我不需要给其他应用程序写权限，如果必须限制只读就可以了。

我得到以下异常：

    [Bug] Android.OS.FileUriExposedException: file:///data/user/0/{AppBundleName}/cache/file.doc exposed beyond app through Intent.getData()

用下面的代码。

    public static string GetCacheDataPath( string fileName ) => Path.Combine(Xamarin.Essentials.FileSystem.CacheDirectory, fileName);
    public static FileInfo SaveFile( string filename, Uri link )
    {
        using var client = new WebClient();
        string path = GetCacheDataPath(filename);
        DebugTools.PrintMessage(path);
        client.DownloadFile(link, path);
        return new FileInfo(path);
    }
    public async Task Test(Uri link)
    {
        LocalFile path = await SaveFile("file.doc", link).ConfigureAwait(true);
        var url = new Uri($"ms-word://{path.FullName}", UriKind.Absolute);
        await Xamarin.Essentials.Launcher.OpenAsync(url).ConfigureAwait(true);
    }

通过这个，我创建了一个 FileService 接口，它可以处理本地私人文件，但我无法共享这些文件。以Android Q (10 / Api 29)开头，以下已弃用。

    string path = Android.OS.Environment.GetExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Android.OS.Environment.DirectoryDownloads).AbsolutePath;  // deprecated

我得到以下异常：

System.UnauthorizedAccessException: Access to the path '/storage/emulated/0/Download/file.doc' is denied. ---> System.IO.IOException: Permission denied

我还没有找到任何方法来为 Android 10 和 Xamarin.Forms 获取 public 路径。我查看了 Android Docs for Content providers，但它在 Java 中，但我还不能让它在 C# 中工作。

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

我确实找到了 Solution

Found a fix

For Android

public Task<System.IO.FileInfo> DownloadFile( Uri link, string fileName )
{
  if ( link is null )
      throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(link));

  using System.Net.WebClient client = new System.Net.WebClient();

  // MainActivity is the class that loads the application.
  // MainActivity.Instance is a property that you set "Instance = this;" inside of OnCreate.
  Java.IO.File root = MainActivity.Instance.GetExternalFilesDir(MediaStore.Downloads.ContentType);
  string path     = Path.Combine(root.AbsolutePath, fileName);

  client.DownloadFile(link, path);

  return Task.FromResult(new System.IO.FileInfo(path));
} 
public class MainActivity : global::Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.FormsAppCompatActivity
{
  internal static MainActivity Instance { get; private set; }
  
  protected override void OnCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
  {
      ...
      Instance = this;
      ...
  }
  ...
}

For iOS

public Task<System.IO.FileInfo> DownloadFile( Uri link, string fileName )
{
  if ( link is null )
      throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(link));

  using System.Net.WebClient client = new System.Net.WebClient();
  string path = Path.Combine(Xamarin.Essentials.FileSystem.CacheDirectory, fileName)
  client.DownloadFile(link, path);

  return Task.FromResult(new System.IO.FileInfo(path));
} 
public async Task Share()
{
  // back in shared project, choose a file name and pass the link.
  System.IO.FileInfo info = await DependencyService.Get<IDownload>().DownloadFile(new Uri("<enter site>", "file.doc").ConfigureAwait(true);
  
  ShareFile shareFile = new ShareFile(info.FullName, "doc"); // enter the file type / extension.
  var request = new ShareFileRequest("Choose the App to open the file", shareFile);
  await Xamarin.Essentials.Share.RequestAsync(request).ConfigureAwait(true);
}

Note that for iOS, due to Apple's infinite wisdom... I cannot share the file directly with another app as I can on Android. Sandboxing is good for security but in this case, how they implemented it, it limits options. Both Applications must be pre-registered / pre-allocated in an "App Group" to share files directly. See this Article and the Apple Docs for more information.

如何使用 Xamarin.Forms 在 Android X 和 iOS 上下载公开可用的文件？

How do I download a file on both Android X and iOS that is publicly available, using Xamarin.Forms?

android

download

ios

xamarin.forms

android-10.0