Python 读取一行末尾的\n

Question

所以我正在从一个文本文件中读取内容来制作字典，但是一旦它在行尾添加 \n... 这是为什么？

蟒蛇

irTable = {}
with open("devices.txt") as file:
        for line in file:
                value = line.split(",")
                label = str(value[0])
                freq = int(value[1])
                state = str(value[2])

                irTable[label] = freq, state
                print(irTable)

文本文件

lamp, 000000, False
tv, 000000, False
bedside, 000000, False
pc, 000000, False
bed tv, 000000, False

Answer 1

你所有的行都有换行；您需要先将其删除，然后再处理该行：

value = line.rstrip('\n').split(",")

Python 不会为您删除它。没有参数的 str.rstrip() method used here will remove any number of \n newline characters from the end of the line; there will never be more than one. You could also extend this to any whitespace, on both ends of the string, by using str.strip()。

您已经从字符串开始，因此无需在此处使用 str() 调用。如果您的行是逗号分隔的，您可以只使用 csv 模块并让 it 处理行尾：

import csv

irTable = {}
with open("devices.txt", newline='') as file:
    for label, freq, state in csv.reader(file, skipinitialspace=True):
        irTable[label] = int(freq), state

演示：

>>> from io import StringIO
>>> import csv
>>> demofile = StringIO('''\
... lamp, 000000, False
... tv, 000000, False
... bedside, 000000, False
... pc, 000000, False
... bed tv, 000000, False
... ''')
>>> irTable = {}
>>> for label, freq, state in csv.reader(demofile, skipinitialspace=True):
...     irTable[label] = int(freq), state
... 
>>> irTable
{'lamp': (0, 'False'), 'tv': (0, 'False'), 'bedside': (0, 'False'), 'bed tv': (0, 'False'), 'pc': (0, 'False')}

Answer 2

在被 "," 拆分之前从行中删除 "\n" 例如

irTable = {}
with open("111.txt") as file:
    for line in file:
        value = line.strip().split(",")
        irTable[value[0].strip()] = int(value[1]), value[2].strip()
print(irTable)

输出：

{'tv': (0, 'False'), 'pc': (0, 'False'), 'lamp': (0, 'False'), 'bedside': (0, 'False'), 'bed tv': (0, 'False')}

Python 读取一行末尾的\n

Python reading \n on the end of a line

python

python-3.x