Heroku 未连接到 MongoDB Atlas - 不允许错误 405
Heroku not connecting to MongoDB Atlas - Error 405 not allowed
我意识到这个问题或类似问题已被问过 20 次，我已通读所有条目并尝试修复，但没有成功。
仅在使用 heroku 时尝试从数据库发出 POST 请求时出现 405 错误。
我的代码在从 src 和构建文件夹从我自己的本地服务器部署时有效。我尝试了以下方法：
- 将 Atlas 白名单更新为 0.0.0/0
- 在 Heroku 中创建了一个 ENV 密钥并设置代码以使用它。
- 在 atlas 上重置我的数据库密码
- 在 Express 代码中添加了 cors 模块。
我完全不知道为什么这现在不起作用。
这是第一个 POST 请求的相关代码：
App.mjs
import "dotenv/config.js";
import express from "express";
import mongoose from "mongoose";
import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
import path, { dirname } from "path";
import bodyParser from "body-parser";
import { randomProfileImage } from "./randomProfileImage.mjs";
import helmet from "helmet";
import cors from "cors";
import {
createNewComment,
createNewReply,
allModels,
} from "./models/comments.mjs";
const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = dirname(path.join(__filename, "..", "..", "package.json"));
const app = express();
const localLinkToDB =
"mongodb+srv://david:xxxxxxxxxxxxxx@comments.olipm.mongodb.net/commentsDB?retryWrites=true&w=majority";
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(helmet());
app.use(cors());
mongoose
.connect(process.env.DB_URI || localLinkToDB, {
useNewUrlParser: true,
useUnifiedTopology: true,
useFindAndModify: false,
})
.then((result) =>
app.listen(process.env.PORT || 3000, () => {
console.log(`server started on port 3000.`);
})
)
.catch((err) => console.log(err));
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
app.use(express.static(`${__dirname}/build`));
console.log("using static");
}
app.get("/ping", function (req, res) {
return res.send("pong");
});
app.post("/", async (req, res, error) => {
try {
const modelName = allModels[req.body.dbToQuery];
const result = await modelName.find({}).lean();
result.forEach((comment) => (comment._id = comment._id.toString()));
res.json(result);
} catch {
console.log(error);
}
});
来自前端的请求：
const loadAllMessagesInit = async () => {
try {
const response = await fetch("/", {
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify({
dbToQuery: "TestComment",
}),
});
const allComments = await response.json();
if (allComments) {
allComments.forEach(
(comment) =>
(comment.date = generateDateString(new Date(comment.date)))
);
buildAllNestedObjects(allComments);
setAllMessages(allComments);
}
} catch (err) {
console.log(err);
}
};
loadAllMessagesInit();
}, []);
这是我的package.json（我正在为 create-react-App 使用 heroku 构建插件）
{
"name": "comment-system",
"version": "0.1.0",
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
"@testing-library/jest-dom": "^4.2.4",
"@testing-library/react": "^9.5.0",
"@testing-library/user-event": "^7.2.1",
"body-parser": "^1.19.0",
"cors": "^2.8.5",
"dotenv": "^8.2.0",
"express": "^4.17.1",
"helmet": "^3.23.3",
"local-storage": "^2.0.0",
"mongoose": "^5.9.21",
"nodemon": "^2.0.4",
"react": "^16.13.1",
"react-dom": "^16.13.1",
"react-scripts": "3.4.1"
},
"scripts": {
"start": "react-scripts start",
"build": "react-scripts build",
"test": "react-scripts test",
"eject": "react-scripts eject"
},
"eslintConfig": {
"extends": "react-app"
},
"browserslist": {
"production": [
">0.2%",
"not dead",
"not op_mini all"
],
"development": [
"last 1 chrome version",
"last 1 firefox version",
"last 1 safari version"
]
},
"proxy": "http://localhost:8080",
"engines": {
"node": "14.4.0"
}
}
最后是我从 heroku 获取的错误日志：
2020-07-17T00:55:35.355724+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=174acd8d-d05d-4036-8be7-46ba92388073 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=168 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.356334+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dashboard.heroku.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.464666+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=a95fb494-5760-46c6-ac62-c11ada41246e fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=168 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.465422+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.527624+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.532492+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=7f3213fd-e1ce-427d-9b82-de406425ea72 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=170 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.590157+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=cf000b30-79b6-476f-9659-46119e4a1311 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=169 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.590291+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.43.233.181 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.625984+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css.map" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=3dad5af5-355c-4471-8671-3b90712cb4b8 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=169 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.626571+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css.map HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.632069+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js.map" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=fdcc6797-5151-4708-8752-90efb710812c fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=3ms status=304 bytes=170 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.632204+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.45.9.232 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js.map HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.696228+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=26b6dfce-3385-44f3-8273-c3659bd045d8 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=1ms status=405 bytes=728 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.696326+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.45.9.232 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "POST / HTTP/1.1" 405 568 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.697233+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js.map" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=a079d11d-c093-40b2-8a89-38d0bd21490b fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=169 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.697840+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js.map HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.977491+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.43.252.33 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /site.webmanifest HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.981257+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/site.webmanifest" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=17143eb6-c38b-480f-817a-7f9afc7e5144 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=168 protocol=https
在 clever-cloud 代表的帮助下，我弄清楚了我的错误所在。事实证明我的所有路由都是正确的，除了我在 package.json 中大写了 App.mjs 而文件是 app.mjs。在我的本地主机环境中，这无关紧要，但在基于 linux 的服务器上，情况很重要，因此无法正确连接。
它没有明确的错误信息，我的经验不足所以我没有理解我的错误。非常感谢 clever-cloud 的支持团队！我能够让它在 clever-cloud、heroku 和共享服务器 A2 托管站点上运行。
我意识到这个问题或类似问题已被问过 20 次，我已通读所有条目并尝试修复，但没有成功。
仅在使用 heroku 时尝试从数据库发出 POST 请求时出现 405 错误。
我的代码在从 src 和构建文件夹从我自己的本地服务器部署时有效。我尝试了以下方法：
- 将 Atlas 白名单更新为 0.0.0/0
- 在 Heroku 中创建了一个 ENV 密钥并设置代码以使用它。
- 在 atlas 上重置我的数据库密码
- 在 Express 代码中添加了 cors 模块。
我完全不知道为什么这现在不起作用。
这是第一个 POST 请求的相关代码：
App.mjs
import "dotenv/config.js";
import express from "express";
import mongoose from "mongoose";
import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
import path, { dirname } from "path";
import bodyParser from "body-parser";
import { randomProfileImage } from "./randomProfileImage.mjs";
import helmet from "helmet";
import cors from "cors";
import {
createNewComment,
createNewReply,
allModels,
} from "./models/comments.mjs";
const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = dirname(path.join(__filename, "..", "..", "package.json"));
const app = express();
const localLinkToDB =
"mongodb+srv://david:xxxxxxxxxxxxxx@comments.olipm.mongodb.net/commentsDB?retryWrites=true&w=majority";
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true }));
app.use(bodyParser.json());
app.use(helmet());
app.use(cors());
mongoose
.connect(process.env.DB_URI || localLinkToDB, {
useNewUrlParser: true,
useUnifiedTopology: true,
useFindAndModify: false,
})
.then((result) =>
app.listen(process.env.PORT || 3000, () => {
console.log(`server started on port 3000.`);
})
)
.catch((err) => console.log(err));
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
app.use(express.static(`${__dirname}/build`));
console.log("using static");
}
app.get("/ping", function (req, res) {
return res.send("pong");
});
app.post("/", async (req, res, error) => {
try {
const modelName = allModels[req.body.dbToQuery];
const result = await modelName.find({}).lean();
result.forEach((comment) => (comment._id = comment._id.toString()));
res.json(result);
} catch {
console.log(error);
}
});
来自前端的请求：
const loadAllMessagesInit = async () => {
try {
const response = await fetch("/", {
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
},
body: JSON.stringify({
dbToQuery: "TestComment",
}),
});
const allComments = await response.json();
if (allComments) {
allComments.forEach(
(comment) =>
(comment.date = generateDateString(new Date(comment.date)))
);
buildAllNestedObjects(allComments);
setAllMessages(allComments);
}
} catch (err) {
console.log(err);
}
};
loadAllMessagesInit();
}, []);
这是我的package.json（我正在为 create-react-App 使用 heroku 构建插件）
{
"name": "comment-system",
"version": "0.1.0",
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
"@testing-library/jest-dom": "^4.2.4",
"@testing-library/react": "^9.5.0",
"@testing-library/user-event": "^7.2.1",
"body-parser": "^1.19.0",
"cors": "^2.8.5",
"dotenv": "^8.2.0",
"express": "^4.17.1",
"helmet": "^3.23.3",
"local-storage": "^2.0.0",
"mongoose": "^5.9.21",
"nodemon": "^2.0.4",
"react": "^16.13.1",
"react-dom": "^16.13.1",
"react-scripts": "3.4.1"
},
"scripts": {
"start": "react-scripts start",
"build": "react-scripts build",
"test": "react-scripts test",
"eject": "react-scripts eject"
},
"eslintConfig": {
"extends": "react-app"
},
"browserslist": {
"production": [
">0.2%",
"not dead",
"not op_mini all"
],
"development": [
"last 1 chrome version",
"last 1 firefox version",
"last 1 safari version"
]
},
"proxy": "http://localhost:8080",
"engines": {
"node": "14.4.0"
}
}
最后是我从 heroku 获取的错误日志：
2020-07-17T00:55:35.355724+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=174acd8d-d05d-4036-8be7-46ba92388073 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=168 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.356334+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dashboard.heroku.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.464666+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=a95fb494-5760-46c6-ac62-c11ada41246e fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=168 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.465422+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.527624+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.532492+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=7f3213fd-e1ce-427d-9b82-de406425ea72 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=170 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.590157+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=cf000b30-79b6-476f-9659-46119e4a1311 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=169 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.590291+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.43.233.181 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.625984+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css.map" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=3dad5af5-355c-4471-8671-3b90712cb4b8 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=169 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.626571+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/css/main.55682b50.chunk.css.map HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.632069+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js.map" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=fdcc6797-5151-4708-8752-90efb710812c fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=3ms status=304 bytes=170 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.632204+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.45.9.232 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/2.f296f9a5.chunk.js.map HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.696228+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=26b6dfce-3385-44f3-8273-c3659bd045d8 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=1ms status=405 bytes=728 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.696326+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.45.9.232 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "POST / HTTP/1.1" 405 568 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.697233+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js.map" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=a079d11d-c093-40b2-8a89-38d0bd21490b fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=169 protocol=https
2020-07-17T00:55:35.697840+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.11.254.71 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /static/js/main.cf3d813b.chunk.js.map HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.977491+00:00 app[web.1]: 10.43.252.33 - - [17/Jul/2020:00:55:35 +0000] "GET /site.webmanifest HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "https://dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
2020-07-17T00:55:35.981257+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/site.webmanifest" host=dhc-comment-system.herokuapp.com request_id=17143eb6-c38b-480f-817a-7f9afc7e5144 fwd="38.94.243.199" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=2ms status=304 bytes=168 protocol=https
在 clever-cloud 代表的帮助下，我弄清楚了我的错误所在。事实证明我的所有路由都是正确的，除了我在 package.json 中大写了 App.mjs 而文件是 app.mjs。在我的本地主机环境中，这无关紧要，但在基于 linux 的服务器上，情况很重要，因此无法正确连接。
它没有明确的错误信息，我的经验不足所以我没有理解我的错误。非常感谢 clever-cloud 的支持团队！我能够让它在 clever-cloud、heroku 和共享服务器 A2 托管站点上运行。