"Object is not a function" 聚合物 3 包装纸

Question

我正在尝试为我在 npm 上找到的 d3-cloud 项目创建一个 Polymer 3 元素。我在正确引用导出的模块对象时遇到问题。问题出现在我尝试使用云引用（“var layout = cloud()”）的就绪方法中，如果我有括号，我会得到“对象云不是一个函数”，如果我把它们拿出来，我会得到“无法读取属性未定义的“大小”。

我做错了什么？

我的 Polymer 元素代码如下 (wordcloud.js):

import {html, PolymerElement} from '@polymer/polymer/polymer-element.js';
import * as d3 from 'd3'
import {cloud} from 'd3-cloud/index.js';

class WordCloud extends PolymerElement {
    static get template() {
        return html`
        <style>
          :host {
            display: block;
          }
        </style>
        <div class="myclass" id="wordcloud"></div>
      `;
    }
 
    ready() {
        super.ready();
    
        var layout = cloud()
                .size([500, 500])
                .words([
                    "Hello", "world", "normally", "you", "want", "more", "words",
                    "than", "this"].map(function (d) {
                    return {text: d, size: 10 + Math.random() * 90, test: "haha"};
                }))
                .padding(5)
                .rotate(function () {
                    return ~~(Math.random() * 2) * 90;
                })
                .font("Impact")
                .fontSize(function (d) {
                    return d.size;
                })
                .on("end", draw);
    
        layout.start();
    }

    draw(words) {
    
        var fill = d3.scale.category20();
    
        d3.select(this.shadowRoot.querySelector('#wordcloud')).append("svg")
                .attr("width", layout.size()[0])
                .attr("height", layout.size()[1])
                .append("g")
                .attr("transform", "translate(" + layout.size()[0] / 2 + "," + layout.size()[1] / 2 + ")")
                .selectAll("text")
                .data(words)
                .enter().append("text")
                .style("font-size", function (d) {
                    return d.size + "px";
                })
                .style("font-family", "Impact")
                .style("fill", function (d, i) {
                    return fill(i);
                })
                .attr("text-anchor", "middle")
                .attr("transform", function (d) {
                    return "translate(" + [d.x, d.y] + ")rotate(" + d.rotate + ")";
                 })
                .text(function (d) {
                    return d.text;
                });
    }
}

window.customElements.define('word-cloud', WordCloud);

这是我基于 wordcloud.js 的 d3-cloud (browserify.js) 的示例浏览器代码：

var d3 = require("d3"),
cloud = require("../");

var layout = cloud()
    .size([500, 500])
    .words([
      "Hello", "world", "normally", "you", "want", "more", "words",
      "than", "this"].map(function(d) {
      return {text: d, size: 10 + Math.random() * 90, test: "haha"};
    }))
    .padding(5)
    .rotate(function() { return ~~(Math.random() * 2) * 90; })
    .font("Impact")
    .fontSize(function(d) { return d.size; })
    .on("end", draw);

layout.start();

function draw(words) {
  d3.select("body").append("svg")
      .attr("width", layout.size()[0])
      .attr("height", layout.size()[1])
    .append("g")
      .attr("transform", "translate(" + layout.size()[0] / 2 + "," + layout.size()[1] / 2 + ")")
    .selectAll("text")
      .data(words)
    .enter().append("text")
      .style("font-size", function(d) { return d.size + "px"; })
      .style("font-family", "Impact")
      .attr("text-anchor", "middle")
      .attr("transform", function(d) {
        return "translate(" + [d.x, d.y] + ")rotate(" + d.rotate + ")";
       })
      .text(function(d) { return d.text; });
}

这是云的实现 (d3-cloud/index.js)：

// Word cloud layout by Jason Davies, https://www.jasondavies.com/wordcloud/
// Algorithm due to Jonathan Feinberg, http://static.mrfeinberg.com/bv_ch03.pdf

var dispatch = require("d3-dispatch").dispatch;

var cloudRadians = Math.PI / 180,
    cw = 1 << 11 >> 5,
    ch = 1 << 11;

module.exports = function() {
  var size = [256, 256],
      text = cloudText,
      font = cloudFont,
      fontSize = cloudFontSize,
      fontStyle = cloudFontNormal,
      fontWeight = cloudFontNormal,
      rotate = cloudRotate,
      padding = cloudPadding,
      spiral = archimedeanSpiral,
      words = [],
      timeInterval = Infinity,
      event = dispatch("word", "end"),
      timer = null,
      random = Math.random,
      cloud = {},
      canvas = cloudCanvas;

  cloud.canvas = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (canvas = functor(_), cloud) : canvas;
  };

  cloud.start = function() {
    var contextAndRatio = getContext(canvas()),
        board = zeroArray((size[0] >> 5) * size[1]),
        bounds = null,
        n = words.length,
        i = -1,
        tags = [],
        data = words.map(function(d, i) {
          d.text = text.call(this, d, i);
          d.font = font.call(this, d, i);
          d.style = fontStyle.call(this, d, i);
          d.weight = fontWeight.call(this, d, i);
          d.rotate = rotate.call(this, d, i);
          d.size = ~~fontSize.call(this, d, i);
          d.padding = padding.call(this, d, i);
          return d;
        }).sort(function(a, b) { return b.size - a.size; });

    if (timer) clearInterval(timer);
    timer = setInterval(step, 0);
    step();

    return cloud;

    function step() {
      var start = Date.now();
      while (Date.now() - start < timeInterval && ++i < n && timer) {
        var d = data[i];
        d.x = (size[0] * (random() + .5)) >> 1;
        d.y = (size[1] * (random() + .5)) >> 1;
        cloudSprite(contextAndRatio, d, data, i);
        if (d.hasText && place(board, d, bounds)) {
          tags.push(d);
          event.call("word", cloud, d);
          if (bounds) cloudBounds(bounds, d);
          else bounds = [{x: d.x + d.x0, y: d.y + d.y0}, {x: d.x + d.x1, y: d.y + d.y1}];
          // Temporary hack
          d.x -= size[0] >> 1;
          d.y -= size[1] >> 1;
        }
      }
      if (i >= n) {
        cloud.stop();
        event.call("end", cloud, tags, bounds);
      }
    }
  }

  cloud.stop = function() {
    if (timer) {
      clearInterval(timer);
      timer = null;
    }
    return cloud;
  };

  function getContext(canvas) {
    canvas.width = canvas.height = 1;
    var ratio = Math.sqrt(canvas.getContext("2d").getImageData(0, 0, 1, 1).data.length >> 2);
    canvas.width = (cw << 5) / ratio;
    canvas.height = ch / ratio;

    var context = canvas.getContext("2d");
    context.fillStyle = context.strokeStyle = "red";
    context.textAlign = "center";

    return {context: context, ratio: ratio};
  }

  function place(board, tag, bounds) {
    var perimeter = [{x: 0, y: 0}, {x: size[0], y: size[1]}],
        startX = tag.x,
        startY = tag.y,
        maxDelta = Math.sqrt(size[0] * size[0] + size[1] * size[1]),
        s = spiral(size),
        dt = random() < .5 ? 1 : -1,
        t = -dt,
        dxdy,
        dx,
        dy;

    while (dxdy = s(t += dt)) {
      dx = ~~dxdy[0];
      dy = ~~dxdy[1];

      if (Math.min(Math.abs(dx), Math.abs(dy)) >= maxDelta) break;

      tag.x = startX + dx;
      tag.y = startY + dy;

      if (tag.x + tag.x0 < 0 || tag.y + tag.y0 < 0 ||
          tag.x + tag.x1 > size[0] || tag.y + tag.y1 > size[1]) continue;
      // TODO only check for collisions within current bounds.
      if (!bounds || !cloudCollide(tag, board, size[0])) {
        if (!bounds || collideRects(tag, bounds)) {
          var sprite = tag.sprite,
              w = tag.width >> 5,
              sw = size[0] >> 5,
              lx = tag.x - (w << 4),
              sx = lx & 0x7f,
              msx = 32 - sx,
              h = tag.y1 - tag.y0,
              x = (tag.y + tag.y0) * sw + (lx >> 5),
              last;
          for (var j = 0; j < h; j++) {
            last = 0;
            for (var i = 0; i <= w; i++) {
              board[x + i] |= (last << msx) | (i < w ? (last = sprite[j * w + i]) >>> sx : 0);
            }
            x += sw;
          }
          delete tag.sprite;
          return true;
        }
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  cloud.timeInterval = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (timeInterval = _ == null ? Infinity : _, cloud) : timeInterval;
  };

  cloud.words = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (words = _, cloud) : words;
  };

  cloud.size = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (size = [+_[0], +_[1]], cloud) : size;
  };

  cloud.font = function(_) {
   return arguments.length ? (font = functor(_), cloud) : font;
  };

  cloud.fontStyle = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (fontStyle = functor(_), cloud) : fontStyle;
  };

  cloud.fontWeight = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (fontWeight = functor(_), cloud) : fontWeight;
  };

  cloud.rotate = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (rotate = functor(_), cloud) : rotate;
  };

  cloud.text = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (text = functor(_), cloud) : text;
  };

  cloud.spiral = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (spiral = spirals[_] || _, cloud) : spiral;
  };

  cloud.fontSize = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (fontSize = functor(_), cloud) : fontSize;
  };

  cloud.padding = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (padding = functor(_), cloud) : padding;
  };

  cloud.random = function(_) {
    return arguments.length ? (random = _, cloud) : random;
  };

  cloud.on = function() {
    var value = event.on.apply(event, arguments);
    return value === event ? cloud : value;
  };

  return cloud;
};

function cloudText(d) {
  return d.text;
}

function cloudFont() {
  return "serif";
}

function cloudFontNormal() {
  return "normal";
}

function cloudFontSize(d) {
  return Math.sqrt(d.value);
}

function cloudRotate() {
  return (~~(Math.random() * 6) - 3) * 30;
}

function cloudPadding() {
  return 1;
}

// Fetches a monochrome sprite bitmap for the specified text.
// Load in batches for speed.
function cloudSprite(contextAndRatio, d, data, di) {
  if (d.sprite) return;
  var c = contextAndRatio.context,
      ratio = contextAndRatio.ratio;

  c.clearRect(0, 0, (cw << 5) / ratio, ch / ratio);
  var x = 0,
      y = 0,
      maxh = 0,
      n = data.length;
  --di;
  while (++di < n) {
    d = data[di];
    c.save();
    c.font = d.style + " " + d.weight + " " + ~~((d.size + 1) / ratio) + "px " + d.font;
    var w = c.measureText(d.text + "m").width * ratio,
        h = d.size << 1;
    if (d.rotate) {
      var sr = Math.sin(d.rotate * cloudRadians),
          cr = Math.cos(d.rotate * cloudRadians),
          wcr = w * cr,
          wsr = w * sr,
          hcr = h * cr,
          hsr = h * sr;
      w = (Math.max(Math.abs(wcr + hsr), Math.abs(wcr - hsr)) + 0x1f) >> 5 << 5;
      h = ~~Math.max(Math.abs(wsr + hcr), Math.abs(wsr - hcr));
    } else {
      w = (w + 0x1f) >> 5 << 5;
    }
    if (h > maxh) maxh = h;
    if (x + w >= (cw << 5)) {
      x = 0;
      y += maxh;
      maxh = 0;
    }
    if (y + h >= ch) break;
    c.translate((x + (w >> 1)) / ratio, (y + (h >> 1)) / ratio);
    if (d.rotate) c.rotate(d.rotate * cloudRadians);
    c.fillText(d.text, 0, 0);
    if (d.padding) c.lineWidth = 2 * d.padding, c.strokeText(d.text, 0, 0);
    c.restore();
    d.width = w;
    d.height = h;
    d.xoff = x;
    d.yoff = y;
    d.x1 = w >> 1;
    d.y1 = h >> 1;
    d.x0 = -d.x1;
    d.y0 = -d.y1;
    d.hasText = true;
    x += w;
  }
  var pixels = c.getImageData(0, 0, (cw << 5) / ratio, ch / ratio).data,
      sprite = [];
  while (--di >= 0) {
    d = data[di];
    if (!d.hasText) continue;
    var w = d.width,
        w32 = w >> 5,
        h = d.y1 - d.y0;
    // Zero the buffer
    for (var i = 0; i < h * w32; i++) sprite[i] = 0;
    x = d.xoff;
    if (x == null) return;
    y = d.yoff;
    var seen = 0,
        seenRow = -1;
    for (var j = 0; j < h; j++) {
      for (var i = 0; i < w; i++) {
        var k = w32 * j + (i >> 5),
            m = pixels[((y + j) * (cw << 5) + (x + i)) << 2] ? 1 << (31 - (i % 32)) : 0;
        sprite[k] |= m;
        seen |= m;
      }
      if (seen) seenRow = j;
      else {
        d.y0++;
        h--;
        j--;
        y++;
      }
    }
    d.y1 = d.y0 + seenRow;
    d.sprite = sprite.slice(0, (d.y1 - d.y0) * w32);
  }
}

// Use mask-based collision detection.
function cloudCollide(tag, board, sw) {
  sw >>= 5;
  var sprite = tag.sprite,
      w = tag.width >> 5,
      lx = tag.x - (w << 4),
      sx = lx & 0x7f,
      msx = 32 - sx,
      h = tag.y1 - tag.y0,
      x = (tag.y + tag.y0) * sw + (lx >> 5),
      last;
  for (var j = 0; j < h; j++) {
    last = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i <= w; i++) {
      if (((last << msx) | (i < w ? (last = sprite[j * w + i]) >>> sx : 0))
          & board[x + i]) return true;
    }
    x += sw;
  }
  return false;
}

function cloudBounds(bounds, d) {
  var b0 = bounds[0],
      b1 = bounds[1];
  if (d.x + d.x0 < b0.x) b0.x = d.x + d.x0;
  if (d.y + d.y0 < b0.y) b0.y = d.y + d.y0;
  if (d.x + d.x1 > b1.x) b1.x = d.x + d.x1;
  if (d.y + d.y1 > b1.y) b1.y = d.y + d.y1;
}

function collideRects(a, b) {
  return a.x + a.x1 > b[0].x && a.x + a.x0 < b[1].x && a.y + a.y1 > b[0].y && a.y + a.y0 < b[1].y;
}

function archimedeanSpiral(size) {
  var e = size[0] / size[1];
  return function(t) {
    return [e * (t *= .1) * Math.cos(t), t * Math.sin(t)];
  };
}

function rectangularSpiral(size) {
  var dy = 4,
      dx = dy * size[0] / size[1],
      x = 0,
      y = 0;
  return function(t) {
    var sign = t < 0 ? -1 : 1;
    // See triangular numbers: T_n = n * (n + 1) / 2.
    switch ((Math.sqrt(1 + 4 * sign * t) - sign) & 3) {
      case 0:  x += dx; break;
      case 1:  y += dy; break;
      case 2:  x -= dx; break;
      default: y -= dy; break;
    }
    return [x, y];
  };
}

// TODO reuse arrays?
function zeroArray(n) {
  var a = [],
      i = -1;
  while (++i < n) a[i] = 0;
  return a;
}

function cloudCanvas() {
  return document.createElement("canvas");
}

function functor(d) {
  return typeof d === "function" ? d : function() { return d; };
}

var spirals = {
  archimedean: archimedeanSpiral,
  rectangular: rectangularSpiral
};

Answer 1

有两件事要检查：

如评论中所述，正确的导入应该是 import cloud from 'd3-cloud/index.js';
this 和范围界定，这是一个更大的问题。您需要为 layout 绑定 this。否则，您将无法访问 wordcloud div。我不确定我的做法是否最好，但下面是更改后的工作代码。（请注意，我没有找到 var fill = d3.scale.category20();，所以我使用了 d3.area()）

import {html, PolymerElement} from '@polymer/polymer/polymer-element.js';
import * as d3 from 'd3';
import cloud from 'd3-cloud/index.js';

class WordCloud extends PolymerElement {
    static get template() {
        return html`
        <style>
          :host {
            display: block;
          }
        </style>
        <div class="myclass" id="wordcloud"></div>
      `;
    }
    ready() {
        super.ready();
        var layout = cloud()
            .size([500, 500])
            .words([
                "Hello", "world", "normally", "you", "want", "more", "words",
                "than", "this"].map(function (d) {
                return {text: d, size: 10 + Math.random() * 90, test: "haha"};
            }))
            .padding(5)
            .rotate(function () {
                return ~~(Math.random() * 2) * 90;
            })
            .font("Impact")
            .fontSize(function (d) {
                return d.size;
            })
            .on("end", this.draw);
        // Binding this to the layout
        layout.getThis = this.getThis()

        layout.start();
    }

    getThis () {
        return this;
    }


    draw(words) {
        var fill = d3.area()
        //Check this one!
        console.log(this)

        d3.select(this.getThis.shadowRoot.querySelector("#wordcloud")).append("svg")
            .attr("width", this.size()[0])
            .attr("height", this.size()[1])
            .append("g")
            .attr("transform", "translate(" + this.size()[0] / 2 + "," + this.size()[1] / 2 + ")")
            .selectAll("text")
            .data(words)
            .enter().append("text")
            .style("font-size", function (d) {
                return d.size + "px";
            })
            .style("font-family", "Impact")
            .style("fill", function (d, i) {
                return fill(i);
            })
            .attr("text-anchor", "middle")
            .attr("transform", function (d) {
                return "translate(" + [d.x, d.y] + ")rotate(" + d.rotate + ")";
            })
            .text(function (d) {
                return d.text;
            });
    }
}

customElements.define('word-cloud', WordCloud);

"Object is not a function" 聚合物 3 包装纸

"Object is not a function" Polymer 3 wrapper

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