如何用冒号解析时区

Question

有没有办法用 datetime.strptime 解析“+00:00”格式的时区？例如：

Python 3.4.3 (v3.4.3:9b73f1c3e601, Feb 24 2015, 22:43:06) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (In
tel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> datetime.strptime("12:34:56+0000", "%X%z")
datetime.datetime(1900, 1, 1, 12, 34, 56, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
>>> datetime.strptime("12:34:56+00:00", "%X%z")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Python34\lib\_strptime.py", line 500, in _strptime_datetime
    tt, fraction = _strptime(data_string, format)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\_strptime.py", line 337, in _strptime
    (data_string, format))
ValueError: time data '12:34:56+00:00' does not match format '%X%z'

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

目前，没有治愈方法，这里是解释：https://bugs.python.org/issue15873 more precisely, here: https://bugs.python.org/msg169952。但是您可以通过这种方式解决此问题：

from datetime import datetime
d = "2015-04-30T23:59:59+00:00"
if ":" == d[-3:-2]:
    d = d[:-3]+d[-2:]
print(datetime.strptime(d, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"))

Answer 2

另一个解决方案是使用 dateutil 库：

from dateutil import parser

mystr = '2015-04-30T23:59:59+00:00'

x = parser.parse(mystr)

# 2015-04-30 23:59:59+00:00

Answer 3

改编自被拒绝的编辑：

Python >= 3.7:

from datetime import datetime
d = "2019-12-25T23:59:59+00:00"
print(datetime.strptime(d, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"))

Changed in version 3.7: When the %z directive is provided to the strptime() method, the UTC offsets can have a colon as a separator between hours, minutes and seconds. For example, '+01:00:00' will be parsed as an offset of one hour. In addition, providing 'Z' is identical to '+00:00'.

https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/datetime.html

Python <= 3.6

没有内置的方法，但最好的解决方案是：

from datetime import datetime
d = "2019-12-25T23:59:59+00:00"
if ":" == d[-3]:
    d = d[:-3]+d[-2:]
print(datetime.strptime(d, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"))

说明： https://bugs.python.org/issue15873 https://bugs.python.org/msg169952

Answer 4

老问题，但我想我会添加这个。

从 3.7 开始，您可以使用 time.fromisoformat():

from datetime import time
iso_datetime_string = "2021-01-01T00:00:00+00:00"
print(time.fromisoformat(iso_datetime_string))

题外话，但可能对其他人有用：如果你想做与 OP 相反的事情，也没有本地方法通过 .strftime() 转换 datetime 对象，格式为“zulu 偏移量” +00:00”（有 %z 但它给你“+0000”）。我找到的解决方案是 datetime.isoformat()，并且在 3.7

之前也可以使用

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