Python - 如何将文本块的每前 3 行变成字典值?
Python - How to make every first 3 lines of text blocks into dictionary values?
我在读 Python 本科生 class,我正在处理一个文本文件。
其内容示例如下所示:
Special Type A Sunflower
2017-10-19 18:20:30
Asteraceae
Brought to the USA by Europeans
Ingredient for Sunflower Oil
Needs full sun
Moist Soil, with heavy mulch
Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry
Tropical Sealion
2020-04-25 12:10:05
Pinnipeds
Mostly found in zoos
Likes Fish
Likes Balls
Likes Zookeepers
Honey Badger
2018-06-06 16:15:25
Mustelidae
Eats anything
目前,我正在尝试通过仅创建 3 个键将这些行转换为字典的值。
第一个键是“姓名”,对应的值是每个文本块的每个第一行。
第二个键是“日期”,对应的值是每个文本的第二行堵塞。
第三个键是“信息”,对应的值是每个文本块的每三行及之后,停在文本块之间的 space 处。我相信这也应该是一个值列表。
我的进度在这里:
import itertools
import os
MyFilePath = os.getcwd() # absolute directory the file is in
ActualFile = "myplants.txt"
FinalFilePath = os.path.join(MyFilePath, ActualFile)
def TextFileToDictionary():
dictionary_1 = {}
textfile = open(FinalFilePath, 'r')
first_line = textfile.readline()
second_line = textfile.readline()
third_line = textfile.readline()
for line in textfile:
dictionary_1["name"] = first_line
dictionary_1["date"] = second_line
dictionary_1["information"] = third_line
print(dictionary_1)
textfile.close()
TextFileToDictionary()
虽然我已经将这些行解析为字典中的值,
我无法在每个文本块上迭代它们以确保所有文本块都成为字典值。
我也无法将每三行及以后的行转换为值列表。
请注意文本块的长度不均匀。
所以最终结果应该类似于:
dictionary_1 = {'Name' : "Special Type A Sunflower", 'Date' : "2017-10-19 18:20:30", 'Information' : ["Asteraceae, Brought to the USA by Europeans, Ingredient for Sunflower Oil, Needs full sun, Moist Soil, with heavy mulch, Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry"]}
dictionary_2 = {'Name' : "Tropical Sealion", "Date" : "2020-04-25 12:10:05", "Information" : ["Pinnipeds, Mostly found in zoos, Likes Fish, Likes Balls, Likes Zookeepers"]}
以此类推
有谁知道如何更改代码以类似于所需的最终结果?
非常感谢!
我对TextFileToDictionary()
函数的解决方案如下:
data = [] #Blank list
with open(FinalFilePath, "r") as file: #Open file
sections = file.read().split("\n\n") #Split it by double linebreaks
for section in sections: #Iterate through sections
lines = section.split("\n") #Split sections by linebreaks
if len(lines) < 3: #Make sure that there is the correct amount of lines
return "ERROR!"
data.append({ #Add a dictionary to the data with:
"Name": lines[0], #First line: name
"Date": lines[1], #Second line: date
"Information": lines[2:] #Third line and onwards: info
})
return data #Returns a list of dictionaries containing the data about each species
如果您运行示例文件中的函数,它应该return如下:
[
{
"Name": "Special Type A Sunflower",
"Date": "2017-10-19 18:20:30",
"Information": ["Asteraceae", "Brought to the USA by Europeans" etc... ]
},
{
"Name": "Tropical Sealion",
"Date": "2020-04-25 12:10:05",
"Information": ["Pinnipeds", "Mostly found in zoos" etc... ]
} #and so on.
]
更简单的版本:
def dicter(file):
with open(file, 'r') as f:
dics = []
blocks = [x. split('\n') for x in f.read().split('\n\n')]
for block in blocks:
dics.append(dict(Name=block[0], Date=block[1], Information=block[2:]))
return dics
print(dicter('your/path/to/file'))
我会使用 regex
、split
和 destructuring assignment
。
我建议您通过 with
语句读取文件,这样您就不必明确关闭文件。
with open('myplants.txt') as file:
text = file.read()
假设您已经阅读了您的文件并且 text
是内容。
import re
text = """
Special Type A Sunflower
2017-10-19 18:20:30
Asteraceae
Brought to the USA by Europeans
Ingredient for Sunflower Oil
Needs full sun
Moist Soil, with heavy mulch
Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry
Tropical Sealion
2020-04-25 12:10:05
Pinnipeds
Mostly found in zoos
Likes Fish
Likes Balls
Likes Zookeepers
Honey Badger
2018-06-06 16:15:25
Mustelidae
Eats anything
"""
regex = re.compile('(?:[^\n]+\n)+', re.MULTILINE)
def parse(section):
name, date_value, *information = section.strip().split('\n')
return {
'Name': name,
'Date': date_value,
'Information': information
}
sections = [section for section in regex.findall(text)]
parsed_sections = [parse(section) for section in sections]
for parsed in parsed_sections:
print(parsed)
print()
输出
{'Name': 'Special Type A Sunflower ', 'Date': '2017-10-19 18:20:30', 'Information': ['Asteraceae', 'Brought to the USA by Europeans', 'Ingredient for Sunflower Oil', 'Needs full sun', 'Moist Soil, with heavy mulch', 'Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry']}
{'Name': 'Tropical Sealion', 'Date': '2020-04-25 12:10:05', 'Information': ['Pinnipeds ', 'Mostly found in zoos', 'Likes Fish', 'Likes Balls', 'Likes Zookeepers']}
{'Name': 'Honey Badger', 'Date': '2018-06-06 16:15:25', 'Information': ['Mustelidae', 'Eats anything']}
我在读 Python 本科生 class,我正在处理一个文本文件。
其内容示例如下所示:
Special Type A Sunflower
2017-10-19 18:20:30
Asteraceae
Brought to the USA by Europeans
Ingredient for Sunflower Oil
Needs full sun
Moist Soil, with heavy mulch
Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry
Tropical Sealion
2020-04-25 12:10:05
Pinnipeds
Mostly found in zoos
Likes Fish
Likes Balls
Likes Zookeepers
Honey Badger
2018-06-06 16:15:25
Mustelidae
Eats anything
目前,我正在尝试通过仅创建 3 个键将这些行转换为字典的值。
第一个键是“姓名”,对应的值是每个文本块的每个第一行。
第二个键是“日期”,对应的值是每个文本的第二行堵塞。
第三个键是“信息”,对应的值是每个文本块的每三行及之后,停在文本块之间的 space 处。我相信这也应该是一个值列表。
我的进度在这里:
import itertools
import os
MyFilePath = os.getcwd() # absolute directory the file is in
ActualFile = "myplants.txt"
FinalFilePath = os.path.join(MyFilePath, ActualFile)
def TextFileToDictionary():
dictionary_1 = {}
textfile = open(FinalFilePath, 'r')
first_line = textfile.readline()
second_line = textfile.readline()
third_line = textfile.readline()
for line in textfile:
dictionary_1["name"] = first_line
dictionary_1["date"] = second_line
dictionary_1["information"] = third_line
print(dictionary_1)
textfile.close()
TextFileToDictionary()
虽然我已经将这些行解析为字典中的值,
我无法在每个文本块上迭代它们以确保所有文本块都成为字典值。
我也无法将每三行及以后的行转换为值列表。
请注意文本块的长度不均匀。
所以最终结果应该类似于:
dictionary_1 = {'Name' : "Special Type A Sunflower", 'Date' : "2017-10-19 18:20:30", 'Information' : ["Asteraceae, Brought to the USA by Europeans, Ingredient for Sunflower Oil, Needs full sun, Moist Soil, with heavy mulch, Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry"]}
dictionary_2 = {'Name' : "Tropical Sealion", "Date" : "2020-04-25 12:10:05", "Information" : ["Pinnipeds, Mostly found in zoos, Likes Fish, Likes Balls, Likes Zookeepers"]}
以此类推
有谁知道如何更改代码以类似于所需的最终结果?
非常感谢!
我对TextFileToDictionary()
函数的解决方案如下:
data = [] #Blank list
with open(FinalFilePath, "r") as file: #Open file
sections = file.read().split("\n\n") #Split it by double linebreaks
for section in sections: #Iterate through sections
lines = section.split("\n") #Split sections by linebreaks
if len(lines) < 3: #Make sure that there is the correct amount of lines
return "ERROR!"
data.append({ #Add a dictionary to the data with:
"Name": lines[0], #First line: name
"Date": lines[1], #Second line: date
"Information": lines[2:] #Third line and onwards: info
})
return data #Returns a list of dictionaries containing the data about each species
如果您运行示例文件中的函数,它应该return如下:
[
{
"Name": "Special Type A Sunflower",
"Date": "2017-10-19 18:20:30",
"Information": ["Asteraceae", "Brought to the USA by Europeans" etc... ]
},
{
"Name": "Tropical Sealion",
"Date": "2020-04-25 12:10:05",
"Information": ["Pinnipeds", "Mostly found in zoos" etc... ]
} #and so on.
]
更简单的版本:
def dicter(file):
with open(file, 'r') as f:
dics = []
blocks = [x. split('\n') for x in f.read().split('\n\n')]
for block in blocks:
dics.append(dict(Name=block[0], Date=block[1], Information=block[2:]))
return dics
print(dicter('your/path/to/file'))
我会使用 regex
、split
和 destructuring assignment
。
我建议您通过 with
语句读取文件,这样您就不必明确关闭文件。
with open('myplants.txt') as file:
text = file.read()
假设您已经阅读了您的文件并且 text
是内容。
import re
text = """
Special Type A Sunflower
2017-10-19 18:20:30
Asteraceae
Brought to the USA by Europeans
Ingredient for Sunflower Oil
Needs full sun
Moist Soil, with heavy mulch
Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry
Tropical Sealion
2020-04-25 12:10:05
Pinnipeds
Mostly found in zoos
Likes Fish
Likes Balls
Likes Zookeepers
Honey Badger
2018-06-06 16:15:25
Mustelidae
Eats anything
"""
regex = re.compile('(?:[^\n]+\n)+', re.MULTILINE)
def parse(section):
name, date_value, *information = section.strip().split('\n')
return {
'Name': name,
'Date': date_value,
'Information': information
}
sections = [section for section in regex.findall(text)]
parsed_sections = [parse(section) for section in sections]
for parsed in parsed_sections:
print(parsed)
print()
输出
{'Name': 'Special Type A Sunflower ', 'Date': '2017-10-19 18:20:30', 'Information': ['Asteraceae', 'Brought to the USA by Europeans', 'Ingredient for Sunflower Oil', 'Needs full sun', 'Moist Soil, with heavy mulch', 'Water only when top 2 inches of soil is dry']}
{'Name': 'Tropical Sealion', 'Date': '2020-04-25 12:10:05', 'Information': ['Pinnipeds ', 'Mostly found in zoos', 'Likes Fish', 'Likes Balls', 'Likes Zookeepers']}
{'Name': 'Honey Badger', 'Date': '2018-06-06 16:15:25', 'Information': ['Mustelidae', 'Eats anything']}