如何在多个 perlin 噪声块之间平滑？

Question

块之间的平滑

所以我一直在开发一款 unity 游戏，希望将我的世界从 150x150 地图扩展到看似无限的程序世界。我的计划是以Perlin Noise为基础，使用0-1的不同值来判断地形类型。我遇到的问题运行是当我绘制块并相应地偏移时，我的块没有正确排列，这打破了无限世界的幻觉。

（见此处）

WorldChunk.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System;
using Unity.Mathematics;

[System.Serializable]
public class WorldChunk
{
    public int2 Position;
    public int[,] Data;
    public float[,] Sample;

    public WorldChunk(int chunkSize = 16){
        Data = new int[chunkSize, chunkSize];
        Sample = new float[chunkSize, chunkSize];
    }
}

WorldGenerator.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System;
using Unity.Mathematics;

public class WorldGenerator : MonoBehaviour
{

    // Base World Data
    public int ChunkSize = 75;
    public string Seed = "";
    [Range(1f, 40f)]
    public float PerlinScale = 10f;
    // Pseudo Random Number Generator
    private System.Random pseudoRandom;

    // Chunk Data Split into Sections (Each Chunk having Coords (x, y))
    public Dictionary<string, WorldChunk> chunks = new Dictionary<string, WorldChunk>();


    //============================================================
    // Set Warm-Up Data
    //============================================================
    private void Awake() {
        // Get/Create Seed
        if (Seed == ""){
            Seed = GenerateRandomSeed();
        }
        // Get Random Number Generator
        pseudoRandom = new System.Random(Seed.GetHashCode());
        // Using to Clear while Making Test Adjustments
        chunks.Clear();
        // Generate Starting Chunk
        for (int x = -1; x <= 1; x++)
        {
            for (int y = -1; y <= 1; y++)
            {
                // Draw Test Chunks
                GenerateChunk(x, y);
            }
        }
    }

    //============================================================
    // Generation Code
    //============================================================

    // ===
    //  Create New Chunks
    // ===
    public void GenerateChunk(int x, int y){
        // Set Key to use
        string key = $"{x},{y}";
        // Check if key exists if not Generate New Chunk
        if (!chunks.ContainsKey(key)){
            // Add Chunk, Set Position in chunk grid (for calling and block data later), Then Generate data
            chunks.Add(key, new WorldChunk(ChunkSize));
            chunks[key].Position = new int2(x, y);
            GenerateChunkData(chunks[key]);
        }
    }

    // ===
    //  Fill Chunks with Perlin Data
    // ===
    private void GenerateChunkData(WorldChunk chunk){
        // Set Offsets
        float xOffset = (float)chunk.Position.x * ChunkSize;
        float yOffset = (float)chunk.Position.y * ChunkSize;
        // Set Data to Chunk
        for (int x = 0; x < ChunkSize; x++)
        {
            for (int y = 0; y < ChunkSize; y++)
            {
                // Get Perlin Map
                float px = (float)(x) / ChunkSize * PerlinScale + xOffset;
                float py = (float)(y) / ChunkSize * PerlinScale + yOffset;

                // Set Temp Sample For Testing (This will change for Map Data (Hills and Water) later)
                chunk.Sample[x,y] = Mathf.PerlinNoise(px, py);
            }
        }
    }

    // ===
    //  Generate Random Seed of Length
    // ===
    private string GenerateRandomSeed(int maxCharAmount = 10, int minCharAmount = 10){
        //Set Characters To Pick from
        const string glyphs= "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
        //Set Length from min to max
        int charAmount = UnityEngine.Random.Range(minCharAmount, maxCharAmount);
        // Set output Variable
        string output = "";
        // Do Random Addition
        for(int i=0; i<charAmount; i++)
        {
            output += glyphs[UnityEngine.Random.Range(0, glyphs.Length)];
        }
        // Output New Random String
        return output;
    }

    //============================================================
    // Draw Example
    //============================================================

    private void OnDrawGizmos() {
        // Do this because I'm lazy and don't want to draw pixels to generated Sprites
        Awake();
        // For Each WorldChunk in the chunk Data
        foreach (WorldChunk c in chunks.Values)
        {
            // Check if it exists (Foreach is stupid sometimes... When live editing)
            if (c != null){
                // Get World Positions for Chunk (Should probably Set to a Variable in the Chunk Data)
                Vector3 ChunkPosition = new Vector3(c.Position.x * ChunkSize, c.Position.y * ChunkSize);

                // For Each X & For Each Y in the chunk
                for (int x = 0; x < ChunkSize; x++)
                {
                    for (int y = 0; y < ChunkSize; y++)
                    {
                        // Get Cell position
                        Vector3 cellPos = new Vector3((ChunkPosition.x - ChunkSize/2f) + x, (ChunkPosition.y - ChunkSize/2f) + y);
                        // Get Temp Sample and set to color
                        float samp = c.Sample[x,y];
                        Gizmos.color = new Color(samp, samp, samp);
                        // Draw Tile as Sample black or white.
                        Gizmos.DrawCube(cellPos, Vector3.one);
                    }
                }

                // Size for Cubes
                Vector3 size = new Vector3(ChunkSize, ChunkSize, 1f);
                // Set Color Opaque Green
                Gizmos.color = new Color(0f, 1f, 0f, 0.25f);
                // Draw Chunk Borders (Disable to show issue)
                // Gizmos.DrawWireCube(ChunkPosition, size);
                
            }
        }
        
    }
}

我想在使用时指出：

// Get Perlin Map
float px = (float)(x + xOffset) / ChunkSize * PerlinScale;
float py = (float)(y + yOffset) / ChunkSize * PerlinScale;

而不是

// Get Perlin Map
float px = (float)(x) / ChunkSize * PerlinScale + xOffset;
float py = (float)(y) / ChunkSize * PerlinScale + yOffset;

一切都正确对齐，但柏林噪声只是重复。

对我来说，在块之间平滑以使所有内容匹配的最佳方法是什么？有没有更好的写法？

编辑：

感谢 Draykoon D 的帮助！如果有人需要，这里是更新后的信息和指向 pastebin 上更新脚本的链接！

这是供任何需要的人使用的更新代码： ** WorldGenerator.cs**

https://pastebin.com/3BjLy5Hk

** WorldGenerator.cs**

https://pastebin.com/v3JJte3N

希望对您有所帮助！

Answer 1

您要查找的关键字是可拼接的。

但我有一个好消息要告诉你，像 perlin 这样的噪声函数本质上是周期性的。因此，与其调用 ChunckSize * ChunkSize 噪声函数，不如调用它一次，然后对结果进行除法。

我会建议您阅读这个优秀的教程：

https://www.scratchapixel.com/lessons/procedural-generation-virtual-worlds/procedural-patterns-noise-part-1/creating-simple-1D-noise

Answer 2

不要使用 Perlin 噪声。它严重偏向 45 度和 90 度方向。你的山丘都与这些对齐，并没有沿着更有趣的各种方向定向。您可以使用 Unity.mathematics.noise.snoise(float2) 但它的重复周期相当小，如果您不使用 Unity Burst 作业，它可能不会很快。 this is what I created/use/recommend，但这肯定不是唯一的选择！请注意，所有这些噪声的范围都是 -1 到 1，而不是 0 到 1，所以如果这很重要而不是 value=value*0.5+0.5; 重新调整它。
既然这样，要解决您的问题，您需要将块和生成的概念分开。总的来说这是个好主意，而且我始终相信尽可能多地从游戏玩法中隐藏后端实现细节（例如块）（例如避免可见边界）。每次生成块时，都应该在世界中找到它的起始坐标，以便坐标与其余坐标无缝连接。例如，如果块是 128x128，那么从 (0, 0) 开始的块应该有起始坐标 (0, 0)，那么从 (0, 1) 开始的块应该有起始坐标 (0, 128)。然后，通过乘以您想要的频率将世界坐标转换为噪声坐标。

如何在多个 perlin 噪声块之间平滑？

How to smooth between multiple perlin noise chunks?

c#

unity3d

procedural-generation

块之间的平滑