Android R - ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE 的 startActivity 显示不同的选项供选择

Question

我的目标是让我的应用支持 30 (R)。我注意到有些应用程序在调用时缺少选择：

baseActivity.startActivity(Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE))

当定位到 29 时，此代码显示了几个应用程序供您选择：

原生相机应用
B612 相机应用程序

定位到30后，直接打开相机应用（没有选项可以选择）。

我查看了 android 11 项更改，但没有发现任何特别之处。我这边有什么需要改变的吗？

感谢reading/helping

Answer 1

一旦您的 targetSdkVersion 达到 30，ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE will only display pre-installed camera apps, not user-installed apps。

Answer 2

我找到了解决方法；
TL;DR：自己阅读 AndroidManifest.xml 的应用程序以找到相机应用程序。
注意：这可能会导致您的应用被商店禁止。

第一步：使用 PackageManager，创建已授予 Camera-permission 的所有应用程序的列表。

public static List<PackageInfo> getPackageInfosWithCameraPermission(Context context){
    //Get a list of compatible apps
    PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
    List<PackageInfo> installedPackages = pm.getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS);
    ArrayList<PackageInfo> cameraPermissionPackages = new ArrayList<PackageInfo>();
    //filter out only camera apps
    for (PackageInfo somePackage : installedPackages) {
        //- A camera app should have the Camera permission
        boolean hasCameraPermission = false;
        if (somePackage.requestedPermissions == null || somePackage.requestedPermissions.length == 0) {
            continue;
        }
        for (String requestPermission : somePackage.requestedPermissions) {
            if (requestPermission.equals(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                //Ask for Camera permission, now see if it's granted.
                if (pm.checkPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA, somePackage.packageName) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    hasCameraPermission = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (hasCameraPermission) {
            cameraPermissionPackages.add(somePackage);
        }
    }
    return cameraPermissionPackages;
}

第 2 步：从 APK-file（来自 PackageInfo）

获取 AndroidManifest

public static Document readAndroidManifestFromPackageInfo(PackageInfo packageInfo) {
    File publicSourceDir = new File(packageInfo.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir);
    
    //Get AndroidManifest.xml from APK
    ZipFile apkZipFile = new ZipFile(apkFile, ZipFile.OPEN_READ);
    ZipEntry manifestEntry = apkZipFile.getEntry("AndroidManifest.xml");
    InputStream manifestInputStream = apkZipFile.getInputStream(manifestEntry);
    try {
        Document doc = new CompressedXmlParser().parseDOM(manifestInputStream);
        return doc;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new IOException("Error reading AndroidManifest", e);
    }
}

第 3 步：阅读 AndroidManifest 以找到具有正确 IntentFilter 的 Activity

public static List<ComponentName> getCameraComponentNamesFromDocument(Document doc) {
    @SuppressLint("InlinedApi")
    String[] correctActions = {MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE, MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE_SECURE, MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE};
    ArrayList<ComponentName> componentNames = new ArrayList<ComponentName>();
    Element manifestElement = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("manifest").item(0);
    String packageName = manifestElement.getAttribute("package");
    Element applicationElement = (Element) manifestElement.getElementsByTagName("application").item(0);
    NodeList activities = applicationElement.getElementsByTagName("activity");
    for (int i = 0; i < activities.getLength(); i++) {
        Element activityElement = (Element) activities.item(i);
        String activityName = activityElement.getAttribute("android:name");
        NodeList intentFiltersList = activityElement.getElementsByTagName("intent-filter");
        for (int j = 0; j < intentFiltersList.getLength(); j++) {
            Element intentFilterElement = (Element) intentFiltersList.item(j);
            NodeList actionsList = intentFilterElement.getElementsByTagName("action");
            for (int k = 0; k < actionsList.getLength(); k++) {
                Element actionElement = (Element) actionsList.item(k);
                String actionName = actionElement.getAttribute("android:name");
                for (String correctAction : correctActions) {
                    if (actionName.equals(correctAction)) {
                        //this activity has an intent filter with a correct action, add this to the list.
                        componentNames.add(new ComponentName(packageName, activityName));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return componentNames;
}

第 4 步：创建所有相机应用的列表

List<> cameraApps = new ArrayList<>();
for (PackageInfo somePackage : cameraPermissionPackages) {
            Document doc = readAndroidManifestFromPackageInfo(somePackage);
            List<ComponentName> componentNames = getCameraComponentNamesFromDocument(doc);
            if (componentNames.size() == 0) {
                continue; //This is not a Camera app
            }
            cameraApps.add(cameraApp);
    }

第 5 步：向用户显示相机应用列表。
只需创建一个对话框或其他东西即可。

我已经把它写进了图书馆： https://github.com/frankkienl/Camera11

Android R - ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE 的 startActivity 显示不同的选项供选择

Android R - startActivity of ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE shows different options to choose

android

android-camera-intent

android-11