在彩色面板背景和不同颜色的矩形上叠加网格
Overlay grid on coloured panel background and different coloured rectangle
我正在使用 R 中的 ggplot2 绘制图表。我想使用一种颜色为面板背景着色,并使用不同颜色为面板内的矩形着色。我希望网格线覆盖面板和矩形。
如果我不为面板背景着色,感谢 AF7 和 zx8754 ,我有一个很好的解决方案。但是,如果我也尝试为面板背景着色,那是行不通的。
这是一个代表:
library(ggplot2)
t <- c(1,2,3)
a <- c(5,4,1)
b <- c(3,2,4)
df <- data.frame(t,a,b)
ggplot(df) +
geom_rect(xmin=2,xmax=3,ymin=-Inf,ymax=Inf,fill="gray") +
# The code works fine without this next line, but the panel colour is the default (white)
# I want the background colour to be lightblue except for the rectangle
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue")) +
# Changing NA to "lightblue" in the line below does not work either
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = NA),panel.ontop = TRUE) +
theme(panel.grid.minor=element_line(colour="hotpink",size=0.5)) +
theme(panel.grid.major=element_line(colour="green",size=0.5)) +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=a),colour="red") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=b),colour="blue")
在 ggplot 中,面板背景和网格层包含在同一个 grob 中。因此,要么都保持在几何层下方(默认 panel.ontop = FALSE
),要么都越过它们(panel.ontop = TRUE
)。这里有两个可能的解决方法供考虑:
- 使用
panel.ontop = TRUE
,保持面板背景透明,并用您想要的颜色为整个绘图背景着色:
ggplot(df) +
geom_rect(xmin=2,xmax=3,ymin=-Inf,ymax=Inf,fill="gray") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=a),colour="red") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=b),colour="blue")+
theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue"), # change this line to plot.background
panel.background = element_rect(fill = NA),
panel.ontop = TRUE,
panel.grid.minor=element_line(colour="hotpink",size=0.5),
panel.grid.major=element_line(colour="green",size=0.5))
- 保留默认值
panel.ontop = FALSE
,然后破解底层 grob 以将网格线移动到顶部:
p <- ggplot(df) +
geom_rect(xmin=2,xmax=3,ymin=-Inf,ymax=Inf,fill="gray") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=a),colour="red") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=b),colour="blue")+
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue"),
panel.grid.minor=element_line(colour="hotpink",size=0.5),
panel.grid.major=element_line(colour="green",size=0.5))
# convert from ggplot object to grob object
gp <- ggplotGrob(p)
# make a copy of the grob that contains the panel background (first child) & panel grids (all subsequent children),
# then drop the panel background grob (i.e. only keep the grobs for grids)
panel.grid.grob <- gp$grobs[[6]]$children[[1]]
panel.grid.grob$children[[1]] <- zeroGrob()
# leave only the panel background grob in its original slot
gp$grobs[[6]]$children[[1]] <- gp$grobs[[6]]$children[[1]]$children[[1]]
# add back grid grobs on top of panel
gp <- gtable::gtable_add_grob(gp, panel.grid.grob, t = 7, l = 5)
# plot result
grid::grid.draw(gp)
第一种方法实施起来更简单,但面板背景颜色会 'spill out' 覆盖整个图,包括轴标签。根据您的用例,您可能会发现其中一种更有用。
我正在使用 R 中的 ggplot2 绘制图表。我想使用一种颜色为面板背景着色,并使用不同颜色为面板内的矩形着色。我希望网格线覆盖面板和矩形。
如果我不为面板背景着色,感谢 AF7 和 zx8754
这是一个代表:
library(ggplot2)
t <- c(1,2,3)
a <- c(5,4,1)
b <- c(3,2,4)
df <- data.frame(t,a,b)
ggplot(df) +
geom_rect(xmin=2,xmax=3,ymin=-Inf,ymax=Inf,fill="gray") +
# The code works fine without this next line, but the panel colour is the default (white)
# I want the background colour to be lightblue except for the rectangle
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue")) +
# Changing NA to "lightblue" in the line below does not work either
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = NA),panel.ontop = TRUE) +
theme(panel.grid.minor=element_line(colour="hotpink",size=0.5)) +
theme(panel.grid.major=element_line(colour="green",size=0.5)) +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=a),colour="red") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=b),colour="blue")
在 ggplot 中,面板背景和网格层包含在同一个 grob 中。因此,要么都保持在几何层下方(默认 panel.ontop = FALSE
),要么都越过它们(panel.ontop = TRUE
)。这里有两个可能的解决方法供考虑:
- 使用
panel.ontop = TRUE
,保持面板背景透明,并用您想要的颜色为整个绘图背景着色:
ggplot(df) +
geom_rect(xmin=2,xmax=3,ymin=-Inf,ymax=Inf,fill="gray") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=a),colour="red") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=b),colour="blue")+
theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue"), # change this line to plot.background
panel.background = element_rect(fill = NA),
panel.ontop = TRUE,
panel.grid.minor=element_line(colour="hotpink",size=0.5),
panel.grid.major=element_line(colour="green",size=0.5))
- 保留默认值
panel.ontop = FALSE
,然后破解底层 grob 以将网格线移动到顶部:
p <- ggplot(df) +
geom_rect(xmin=2,xmax=3,ymin=-Inf,ymax=Inf,fill="gray") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=a),colour="red") +
geom_line(aes(x=t,y=b),colour="blue")+
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = "lightblue"),
panel.grid.minor=element_line(colour="hotpink",size=0.5),
panel.grid.major=element_line(colour="green",size=0.5))
# convert from ggplot object to grob object
gp <- ggplotGrob(p)
# make a copy of the grob that contains the panel background (first child) & panel grids (all subsequent children),
# then drop the panel background grob (i.e. only keep the grobs for grids)
panel.grid.grob <- gp$grobs[[6]]$children[[1]]
panel.grid.grob$children[[1]] <- zeroGrob()
# leave only the panel background grob in its original slot
gp$grobs[[6]]$children[[1]] <- gp$grobs[[6]]$children[[1]]$children[[1]]
# add back grid grobs on top of panel
gp <- gtable::gtable_add_grob(gp, panel.grid.grob, t = 7, l = 5)
# plot result
grid::grid.draw(gp)
第一种方法实施起来更简单,但面板背景颜色会 'spill out' 覆盖整个图,包括轴标签。根据您的用例,您可能会发现其中一种更有用。