'Invalid token' 将 Web API 与 Azure AD 验证的 Swagger 结合使用时

Question

我尝试在来自 swagger (Swashbuckle) 客户端的 WebApi (dotnet core 3.1) 上使用 AAD 身份验证。在我的 Startup class 中，我配置如下：

// Configure authentication
services.AddAuthentication(AzureADDefaults.JwtBearerAuthenticationScheme)
        .AddAzureADBearer(options => Configuration.Bind("AzureAd", options));

我的 AzureAd 设置：

"AzureAd": {
 "Instance": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/",
 "ClientId": "xxxx-xxxxx1b",
 "Domain": "myoffice.onmicrosoft.com",
 "TenantId": "xxxxx-xxxxa5",
 "Scope": "api://xxxxxxxx-abc3cff48f1b/Full.Access",
 "ScopeDescription": "Full Access"
},

...

services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
{
   c.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer", new OpenApiSecurityScheme()
      {
          Type = SecuritySchemeType.OAuth2,
          In = ParameterLocation.Header,
          Flows = new OpenApiOAuthFlows()
          {
               Implicit = new OpenApiOAuthFlow
               {
                   TokenUrl = new Uri($"Configuration["AzureAd:Instance"]}/{Configuration["AzureAd:TenantId"]}/oauth2/v2.0/token"),
                   AuthorizationUrl = new Uri($"{Configuration["AzureAd:Instance"]}/{Configuration["AzureAd:TenantId"]}/oauth2/v2.0/authorize"),
                   Scopes =
                   {
                        {
                            Configuration["AzureAd:Scope"],Configuration["AzureAd:ScopeDescription"]
                        }
                   }
               }
           }
      });
  c.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
  {
      {
           new OpenApiSecurityScheme
           {
               Reference = new OpenApiReference
               {
                   Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
                   Id = "Bearer"
               }
            },
            Array.Empty<string>()
            }
        });
    });

在我的配置方法中：

 app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
 {
    c.RoutePrefix = string.Empty;
    c.SwaggerEndpoint($"/swagger/{ApiVersion}/swagger.json", ApiName);
    c.OAuthClientId(Configuration["AzureAd:ClientId"]);
    c.OAuthScopeSeparator(" ");
 });

Swagger 使用我的凭据正确登录到 AAD，当我使用受 [Authorize] 保护的路由时，令牌被正确发送到 API，我收到 401 错误并显示以下消息：

www-authenticate: Bearer error="invalid_token"error_description="The issuer 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenantid}/v2.0' is invalid"

url https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenantid}/v2.0 在 iss 部分的令牌中。

怎么了？

Answer 1

根据您的错误和您的代码，您没有告诉您的应用程序 ValidIssuer。所以你得到了错误。请在startup.cs文件

的方法ConfigureServices中添加以下代码

services.Configure<JwtBearerOptions>(AzureADDefaults.JwtBearerAuthenticationScheme, options =>
            {
                options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
        
                    ValidIssuers = new[] {
                     
                    },                    
            });

例如

为您的网站配置 Azure AD API。详情请参考document

一个。创建 Azure AD web api 应用程序

b。 Expose API

c。配置代码

配置文件

"AzureAd": {
 "Instance": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/",
 "ClientId": "[Client_id-of-web-api-eg-2ec40e65-ba09-4853-bcde-bcb60029e596]",  
 "TenantId": "<your tenant id>"
},

在Stratup.cs

 services.AddAuthentication(AzureADDefaults.BearerAuthenticationScheme)
             .AddAzureADBearer(options => Configuration.Bind("AzureAd", options));

         services.Configure<JwtBearerOptions>(AzureADDefaults.JwtBearerAuthenticationScheme, options =>
         {
             options.Authority += "/v2.0";


             options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
             {
                /**
                 *  with the single-tenant application, you can configure your issuers 
                 *  with the multiple-tenant application, please set ValidateIssuer as false to disable issuer validation 
                */
                 ValidIssuers = new[] {
                   $"https://sts.windows.net/{Configuration["AzureAD:TenantId"]}/",
                   $"https://login.microsoftonline.com/{Configuration["AzureAD:TenantId"]}/v2.0"

                 },

                 ValidAudiences = new[]
                 {
                        options.Audience,
                        $"api://{options.Audience}"
                 }

             };

         });

配置招摇。详情请参考blog.

一个。创建 Azure Web 应用程序

b。配置 API 权限。关于如何配置，可以参考document

c。代码

安装SDK

 <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="5.5.1" />

配置文件
```
 "Swagger": {
     "ClientId": ""
  },
```

在ConfigureServices方法的Startup.cs中添加如下代码：

 services.AddSwaggerGen(o =>
     {
         // Setup our document's basic info
         o.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo
         {
             Title = "Protected Api",
             Version = "1.0"
         });

         // Define that the API requires OAuth 2 tokens
         o.AddSecurityDefinition("oauth2", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
         {
             Type = SecuritySchemeType.OAuth2,

             Flows = new OpenApiOAuthFlows
             {
                 Implicit = new OpenApiOAuthFlow
                 {
                     Scopes = new Dictionary<string, string>
                     {
                         { "api://872ebcec-c24a-4399-835a-201cdaf7d68b/user_impersonation","allow user to access api"}
                     },
                     AuthorizationUrl = new Uri($"https://login.microsoftonline.com/{Configuration["AzureAD:TenantId"]}/oauth2/v2.0/authorize"),
                     TokenUrl = new Uri($"https://login.microsoftonline.com/{Configuration["AzureAD:TenantId"]}/oauth2/v2.0/token")
                 }
             }
         });

         o.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement{
         {
             new OpenApiSecurityScheme{
                 Reference = new OpenApiReference{
                     Id = "oauth2",
                     Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme
                 }
             },new List<string>()
             }
         });

     });

将以下代码添加到 Configure 方法中：

 app.UseSwagger();
     app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
     {
         c.OAuthClientId(Configuration["Swagger:ClientId"]);
         c.OAuthScopeSeparator(" ");
         c.OAuthAppName("Protected Api");

         c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
     });

测试

'Invalid token' 将 Web API 与 Azure AD 验证的 Swagger 结合使用时

'Invalid token' when using webapi thru Swagger authenticated by Azure AD

swagger

azure-active-directory

swagger-ui

.net-core

swashbuckle.aspnetcore