PYTHON - BEAUTIFULSOUP 如何将空的 TD(table 数据) 抓取为空值而不是跳过它

PYTHON - BEAUTIFULSOUP how to scrape empty TD(table data) as an empty value instead of skipping it

我想将一个网页抓取到一个 4 列的 csv 文件中,并且一些 table 数据不包含数据,我想将其写为一个空单元格值而不是跳过它.text。我也尝试使用 .string 但它给了我 TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "NoneType") to str 我还想设置一个动态查找以获取如果 <td><a href> 然后追加 <a> 标签数据如果没有,追加 <td> 中的内容但写为空(或文本“None”)值,如果 <td> 没有数据。 您可以在下面查看 HTML 示例。

from urllib.request import urlopen as uReq
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as soup

my_url = 'https://www.example.com'

# opening up connection, grabbing the page
uClient = uReq(my_url)

page_soup = soup(uClient.read(), "lxml")
uClient.close()

# containers = page_soup.find("table", {"class": "typetable"}).find_all("tr",{"class":"typetable"})
# container = containers[0]

containers = page_soup.find_all("tr", {"class": "typetable"})

# print(containers.td)

tds = []

out_filename = "output.csv"

headers = "Parameter,Type_Value,Cardinality,Description \n"

f = open(out_filename, "w")
f.write(headers)

parameter = []
type_value = []
cardinality = []
description = []

for container in containers:

    parameter = container.findAll('td')[0].text
 
    type_value = container.find_all('td')[1].text

    cardinality = container.find_all('td')[2].text

    description = container.find_all('td')[3].text


    print("parameter: " + parameter + "\n")
    print("type_value: " + type_value + "\n")
    print("cardinality: " + cardinality + "\n")
    print("description: " + description + "\n")

    #f.write(parameter + ', ' + type_value + ', ' + cardinality + ', "' + description + ' "\n')
    f.write(f'{parameter},{str(type_value)},{cardinality},"{description}"\n')

f.close()

这是一个例子html:

<tr class="typetable">
  <td>Data 1&nbsp;</td>
  <td>Data 2&nbsp;</td>
  <td>&nbsp;</td>
  <td>Data 4&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr class="typetable">
  <td>Data 10&nbsp;</td>
  <td>
     <a href="#2ndPage">2ndPage</a>"&nbsp;"
  </td>
  <td>Data 3&nbsp;</td>
  <td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>

我希望输出显示

Parameter,Type_Value,Cardinality,Description
Data 1,Data 2,,"Data 4"
Data 1,2ndPage,Data 3,

几周来我一直在 Whosebug 上测试和查找示例:(,请帮忙。提前致谢!

您可以使用此脚本从 table:

中提取数据
import csv
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


txt = '''<tr class="typetable">
  <td>Data 1&nbsp;</td>
  <td>Data 2&nbsp;</td>
  <td>&nbsp;</td>
  <td>Data 4&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr class="typetable">
  <td>Data 10&nbsp;</td>
  <td>
     <a href="#2ndPage">2ndPage</a>"&nbsp;"
  </td>
  <td>Data 3&nbsp;</td>
  <td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>'''

soup = BeautifulSoup(txt, 'html.parser')

all_data = []
for row in soup.select('tr.typetable'):
    tds = [td.a.get_text(strip=True) if td.a else td.get_text(strip=True) for td in row.select('td')]
    all_data.append(tds)


with open('data.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
    writer = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=',', quotechar='"', quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
    writer.writerow(['Parameter','Type_Value','Cardinality','Description'])
    for row in all_data:
        writer.writerow(row)

写这个data.csv:

Parameter,Type_Value,Cardinality,Description
Data 1,Data 2,,Data 4
Data 10,2ndPage,Data 3,