如何根据键盘响应显示刺激

Question

我在 Windows 10 系统的 Psychtoolbox 上使用 MATLAB R2020a。我正在尝试根据用户提供的键盘响应在屏幕上呈现刺激。我正在使用 if-else 语句对此进行编码，但只显示注视十字，没有显示任何错误消息。当出现问号时，用户按下箭头键，并以此为基础，呈现下一个刺激。

我也不确定如何区分开始任务时给出的 Kb 响应和问号后给出的响应。有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？

% Question mark
Screen('FillRect', window, white);
Screen('DrawTextures', window, imageTexture, [], dstRects);
Screen('Flip', window)
KbStrokeWait;

% Experimental instructions
Screen('FillRect', window, grey);
Screen('DrawText', window, line3, screenXpixels*0.2, screenYpixels*0.4, white);
Screen('DrawText', window, line4, screenXpixels*0.2, screenYpixels*0.5, white);
Screen('Flip', window);
KbStrokeWait;

% Fixation cross
Screen('DrawLines', window, allCoords,lineWidthPix, white, [xCenter yCenter], 2);
Screen('Flip', window, [], 1);
WaitSecs(1);

% Draw rect frames

% Check the keyboard to see if a button has been pressed
    [keyIsDown,secs, keyCode] = KbCheck;
    
% Present stimulus   
if KbCheck == leftKey
    Screen('DrawText', window, num2str(seq1), rightX, rightY, [0 1 0]);
    Screen('DrawText', window, num2str(seq3), leftX, leftY, [1 0 1]);
    Screen('Flip', window);
    WaitSecs(0.5);
elseif KbCheck == rightKey
    Screen('DrawText', window, num2str(seq2), leftX, leftY, [1 1 0]);
    Screen('DrawText', window, num2str(seq3), rightX, rightY, [1 0 1]);
    Screen('Flip', window);
    WaitSecs(0.5);
elseif KbCheck == upKey
    Screen('DrawText', window, num2str(seq1), rightX, rightY, [0 1 0]);
    Screen('DrawText', window, num2str(seq2), leftX, leftY, [1 1 0]);
    Screen('Flip', window);
    WaitSecs(0.5);
end

Answer 1

在您的示例中，您正在调用 KbCheck 函数并将结果与 leftKey、rightKey 等进行比较。但是 KbCheck 的第一个输出只是一个布尔值，指示是否任何键都按下了。相反，使用 KbCheck 函数中的 keyCode 矩阵，并比较每个键是否被按下。

在您的示例中，您也不是连续轮询键盘，而是注视 1 秒，然后在该秒过去后检查一次键盘。下面是一个示例，其中包含更正的键比较，并在注视开始后检查键盘 1 秒。在这里，我将绘制到屏幕的调用替换为简单地将消息打印到 MATLAB 控制台，以简化示例。

leftKey = KbName('LeftArrow');
rightKey = KbName('RightArrow');
upKey = KbName('UpArrow');

% don't display write keyboard responses into the MATLAB window
ListenChar(2);

% how long to poll for a response following fixation onset
responseSeconds = 1;

% Question mark
disp('?');
KbStrokeWait(-3);

% Experimental instructions
disp('Instructions Here');
KbStrokeWait(-3);

% Fixation cross

disp('+');
fixationOnset = GetSecs();
keyPressed = 0; % store whether a response has been made

while (GetSecs - fixationOnset) <= responseSeconds
    
    % Check the keyboard to see if a button has been pressed
    [keyIsDown,secs, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
    
    if keyPressed == 0 && keyIsDown
        if keyCode(leftKey)
            disp('pressed the left key');
        elseif keyCode(rightKey)
            disp('pressed the right key');
        elseif keyCode(upKey)
            disp('pressed the up key');
        end
        keyPressed = 1; % indicate the response has been made
    end
    
    % Wait 1 ms before checking  again to prevent
    % overload of the machine at elevated priority
    WaitSecs(0.001);
end

disp('response loop over');

WaitSecs(0.5);

disp('wait time over');

ListenChar();

如何根据键盘响应显示刺激

How to display stimuli depending on keyboard response

keyboard

matlab

screen

psychtoolbox