Bottle Server：删除路由

Question

我想在我的 bottle 服务器为运行时添加和删除路由。

我的一般问题：有没有正确的方法来删除路由？

换句话说：如何撤消我对 app.route 所做的操作？

下面我将更详细地描述我的问题。如果您知道我的一般问题的答案，请不要浪费时间阅读它。

这是一个小演示脚本，描述了我如何解决我的问题：

如果调用 GET /add：添加 'Hello World' 路由

如果调用GET /remove：所有具有相同前缀的路由如'Hello World'路由被更改为触发404错误

import bottle
from bottle import redirect, abort

def addRoute():
    app.route('/route/hello')(lambda :'Hello World')
    print('Routes after calling /add:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    redirect('route/hello')

def removeRoute():
    prefix = '/route/hello'

    #making a list of all routes having the prefix
    #because this is a testfile there is only one rule that startswith prefix
    routes = [route for route in app.routes if route.rule.startswith(prefix)]

    #because there could be multiple routes with the same rule and method,
    #making a list without duplicates
    ruleMethodTuples = list(dict.fromkeys([(route.rule, route.method) for route in routes]))

    for ruleMethod in ruleMethodTuples :

        #Workaround: Overwriting the existing route with a 404
        #Here I'd prefer to make a statement that removes the existing route instead,
        #so the default 404 would be called
        app.route(ruleMethod[0], method = ruleMethod[1])(lambda **kwords: abort(404, 'Route deleted'))

    print('Routes after calling /remove:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    redirect('/route/hello')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = bottle.app()
    app.route('/add')(addRoute)
    app.route('/remove')(removeRoute)
    print('Initial routes:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    bottle.run(app, host = 'localhost', port = 8080)

所以这是启动和调用后的输出：

/添加

/移除

/添加

在每次调用后显示路由在app.routes中。

Initial routes:
<GET '/add' <function addRoute at 0x02A876A8>>
<GET '/remove' <function removeRoute at 0x00F5F420>>
Bottle v0.12.17 server starting up (using WSGIRefServer())...
Listening on http://localhost:8080/
Hit Ctrl-C to quit.

Routes after calling /add:
<GET '/add' <function addRoute at 0x02A876A8>>
<GET '/remove' <function removeRoute at 0x00F5F420>>
<GET '/route/hello' <function addRoute.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x030C3E88>>
127.0.0.1 - - [25/Aug/2020 23:19:09] "GET /add HTTP/1.1" 303 0
127.0.0.1 - - [25/Aug/2020 23:19:09] "GET /route/hello HTTP/1.1" 200 11
Routes after calling /remove:
<GET '/add' <function addRoute at 0x02A876A8>>
<GET '/remove' <function removeRoute at 0x00F5F420>>
<GET '/route/hello' <function addRoute.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x030C3E88>>
<GET '/route/hello' <function removeRoute.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x030C3FA8>>
127.0.0.1 - - [25/Aug/2020 23:19:14] "GET /remove HTTP/1.1" 303 0
127.0.0.1 - - [25/Aug/2020 23:19:14] "GET /route/hello HTTP/1.1" 404 720
Routes after calling /add:
<GET '/add' <function addRoute at 0x02A876A8>>
<GET '/remove' <function removeRoute at 0x00F5F420>>
<GET '/route/hello' <function addRoute.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x030C3E88>>
<GET '/route/hello' <function removeRoute.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x030C3FA8>>
<GET '/route/hello' <function addRoute.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x030E0270>>
127.0.0.1 - - [25/Aug/2020 23:19:17] "GET /add HTTP/1.1" 303 0
127.0.0.1 - - [25/Aug/2020 23:19:18] "GET /route/hello HTTP/1.1" 200 11

因此，不是替换 GET '/route/hello'，调用：app.route 添加了更多路由相同的 method 和 rule 在列表的末尾。

然而到目前为止这是有效的，因为首先选择了最新的匹配路由，但我很确定这会导致（或早或晚）性能问题或调用一些 后服务器崩溃/adds 和 /removes.

此外我注意到，我可以在不改变实际路由的情况下改变app.routes，所以次要问题：

我可以从 app.routes 中删除 'deprecated' 路由以防止计算器溢出吗？

还有第三个问题：

我是不是做错了什么？

Answer 1

我检查了 add_route

的源代码

它将 route 添加到两个对象：self.routes 和 self.router（app.routes 和 app.router），这会产生问题。

def add_route(self, route):
    """ Add a route object, but do not change the :data:`Route.app`
        attribute."""
    self.routes.append(route)
    self.router.add(route.rule, route.method, route, name=route.name)
    if DEBUG: route.prepare()

self.router 是对象 Router，它有 rules、builder、static dyna_routes、dyna_regexes

如果您在添加新路线之前和之后检查它们，那么您会看到 builder 和 static 中的变化。

def addRoute():
    print('--- before ---')
    print(app.router.rules)
    print(app.router.builder)
    print(app.router.static)
    print(app.router.dyna_routes)
    
    app.route('/route/hello')(lambda :'Hello World')

    print('--- after ---')
    print(app.router.rules)
    print(app.router.builder)
    print(app.router.static)
    print(app.router.dyna_routes)

    print('Routes after calling /add:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    redirect('route/hello')

如果我从 builder 和 static 中删除 '/route/hello' 然后 '/route/hello' 停止工作但 app.routes 仍然显示它们所以你必须删除 '/route/hello' 来自 app.routes 和 app.router - 但它们没有为此提供特殊功能:)

def removeRoute():
    prefix = '/route/hello'

    del app.router.builder[prefix]
    del app.router.static['GET'][prefix]
    
    print('Routes after calling /remove:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    redirect('/route/hello')

我的完整代码：

import bottle
from bottle import redirect, abort

def addRoute():
    print('--- before /add ---')
    print(app.router.rules)
    print(app.router.builder)
    print(app.router.static)
    print(app.router.dyna_routes)
    print(app.router.dyna_regexes)
    print('Routes before calling /add:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    
    app.route('/route/hello')(lambda :'Hello World')
    
    print('--- after /add ---')
    print(app.router.rules)
    print(app.router.builder)
    print(app.router.static)
    print(app.router.dyna_routes)
    print(app.router.dyna_regexes)
    print('Routes after calling /add:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    
    redirect('route/hello')

def removeRoute():
    prefix = '/route/hello'

    print('--- before /remove ---')
    print(app.router.rules)
    print(app.router.builder)
    print(app.router.static)
    print(app.router.dyna_routes)
    print(app.router.dyna_regexes)
    print('Routes before calling /remove:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))

    del app.router.builder[prefix]
    del app.router.static['GET'][prefix]
    
    print('--- after /remove ---')
    print(app.router.rules)
    print(app.router.builder)
    print(app.router.static)
    print(app.router.dyna_routes)
    print(app.router.dyna_regexes)
    print('Routes before calling /remove:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))

    redirect('/route/hello')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = bottle.app()
    app.route('/add')(addRoute)
    app.route('/remove')(removeRoute)
    print('Initial routes:\n' + '\n'.join([str(route) for route in app.routes]))
    bottle.run(app, host = 'localhost', port = 8080)

Bottle Server：删除路由

Bottle Server: removing routes

python

url-routing

bottle