根据另一行中的值排除 SQL 查询中的行，同时保留单个零件 ID 的多个输出

Question

我有以下形式的机器输出数据：

DATETIME            ID       VALUE
8-28-20 20:55:10    part1    13
8-28-20 20:56:60    part1    20
8-28-20 20:57:22    part1    25
8-28-20 20:59:39    part2    9
8-28-20 21:10:55    part3    33
8-28-20 21:14:30    part1    14

我需要通过删除一些行来生成新的 table：

DATETIME            ID       VALUE
8-28-20 20:57:22    part1    25
8-28-20 20:59:39    part2    9
8-28-20 21:10:55    part3    33
8-28-20 21:14:30    part1    14

机器有时会为每个运行收集多个 VALUE，但我只需要最后一个（它是累积的）。但是，我可能每个班次都有多个相同 ID 的运行，而且连续 2 个相同 ID 的运行也不是不可能。

是否可以使用 SQL 过滤掉行 ID 等于其上一行 ID 的所有行，前提是 VALUE 大于其上一行的 VALUE？

这里发布了一些类似的问题，但它们都会导致对行进行分组并取最大值，但我会在每个时间段每个 ID 只捕获一个运行。

Answer 1

您可以尝试以下方法 - 使用 row_number()

select * from
(
select *, 
       row_number() over(partition by dateadd(hour, datediff(hour, 0, DATETIME), 0), id order by DATETIME desc) as rn
from tablename
)A where rn=1

Answer 2

您似乎想要 id 发生变化且值增加的行：

select t.*
from (select t.*,
             lead(id) over (order by datetime) as next_id,
             lead(value) over (order by datetime) as next_value
      from t
     ) t
where next_id is null or next_id <> id or
      (next_id = id and next_value < value)

Answer 3

更通用一点，也作为一个例子来获取一个没有特定 OLAP 函数的会话 ID：

WITH
-- your input
input(dttm,id,value) AS (
          SELECT TIMESTAMP '2020-08-28 20:55:10','part1',13
UNION ALL SELECT TIMESTAMP '2020-08-28 20:56:60','part1',20
UNION ALL SELECT TIMESTAMP '2020-08-28 20:57:22','part1',25
UNION ALL SELECT TIMESTAMP '2020-08-28 20:59:39','part2',9
UNION ALL SELECT TIMESTAMP '2020-08-28 21:10:55','part3',33
UNION ALL SELECT TIMESTAMP '2020-08-28 21:14:30','part1',14
)
,
-- add a counter that is at 1 whenever the id changes over time
with_chg AS (
  SELECT
    CASE 
      WHEN LAG(id) OVER(ORDER BY dttm) <> id THEN 1
      ELSE 0
    END AS chg_count
  , *
  FROM input
)
,
-- use the running sum of that change counter to get a session id
with_session AS (
  SELECT
    SUM(chg_count) OVER(ORDER BY dttm) AS session_id
  , dttm
  , id
  , value
  FROM with_chg
)
,
-- partition by the session id, order by datetime descending to get
-- the row number of 1 for the right row
with_rownum AS (
  SELECT
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY session_id ORDER BY dttm DESC) AS rownum
  , dttm
  , id
  , value
  FROM with_session
)
-- finally, filter by row number 1 and order back by datetime
SELECT
  dttm
, id
, value
FROM with_rownum
WHERE rownum = 1
ORDER BY 1
;
-- out         dttm         |  id   | value 
-- out ---------------------+-------+-------
-- out  2020-08-28 20:57:22 | part1 |    25
-- out  2020-08-28 20:59:39 | part2 |     9
-- out  2020-08-28 21:10:55 | part3 |    33
-- out  2020-08-28 21:14:30 | part1 |    14

根据另一行中的值排除 SQL 查询中的行，同时保留单个零件 ID 的多个输出

Excluding rows in a SQL query based on values in another row while preserving multiple outputs of a single part ID

sql

sql-server

capability