让 rtools40 在 Parallels VM 中的 Windows 10 中的 Rstudio 1.2.5042 和 TERR（Tibco Engine R）上工作
Getting rtools40 to work on Rstudio 1.2.5042 and TERR (Tibco Engine R) in Windows 10 within Parallels VM
编辑：问题最终是 TERR 5.1.0 实际上是基于 R 3.6。因此需要 Rtools35。第二个问题是我试图将软件包安装到 Rstudio 默认设置的网络位置，因为它安装在 Parallels VM 中。
最近几天我一直在为这个问题苦苦挣扎。
有很多关于如何使用rtools40解决问题的帖子，我阅读了我能找到的所有内容，但仍然没有解决这个问题。
这可能是因为我必须使用 Rstudio 和 TERR（TIBCO Enterprise Runtime for R =）而不是 R，而且一切都在 Parallels VM 中 运行。
安装包时（在本例中是 Vegan，但也尝试了 devtools、tidyverse 等）我得到这些错误：
> install.packages("vegan", verbose = TRUE)
also installing the dependencies 'lattice' 'Matrix' 'nlme' 'mgcv' 'cluster' 'MASS' 'permute'
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:
https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/lattice_0.20-41.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/lattice_0.20-41.zip'
Downloaded 1174416 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Matrix_1.2-18.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/Matrix_1.2-18.zip'
Downloaded 4523013 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/nlme_3.1-149.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/nlme_3.1-149.zip'
Downloaded 2378266 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/mgcv_1.8-33.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/mgcv_1.8-33.zip'
Downloaded 3315098 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/cluster_2.1.0.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/cluster_2.1.0.zip'
Downloaded 593835 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/MASS_7.3-52.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/MASS_7.3-52.zip'
Downloaded 1191263 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/permute_0.9-5.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/permute_0.9-5.zip'
Downloaded 507227 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/vegan_2.5-6.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/vegan_2.5-6.zip'
Downloaded 3846550 bytes
* installing *binary* package lattice from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\lattice_0.20-41.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no lattice/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package Matrix from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\Matrix_1.2-18.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no Matrix/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package nlme from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\nlme_3.1-149.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no nlme/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package mgcv from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\mgcv_1.8-33.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no mgcv/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package cluster from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\cluster_2.1.0.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no cluster/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package MASS from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\MASS_7.3-52.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no MASS/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package permute from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\permute_0.9-5.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no permute/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package vegan from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\vegan_2.5-6.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no vegan/MD5 file)
这是我的版本信息：
platform x86_64-w64-mingw32
arch x86_64
os mingw32
system x86_64, mingw32
status
major 3
minor 6.2
year 2020
month 05
day 20
svn rev 77560
language TERR
version.string TIBCO Enterprise Runtime for R version 5.1.0
(2020-05-20)
nickname Hale Hydra
TERR.version 5.1.0
TERR.edition Developer Edition
TERR.svn.rev 25477
build V131
compiler Intel
compiler.version Intel(R) C++ Intel(R) 64 Compiler XE for
applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version
15.0.3.208 Build 20150407
compiler.flags /W3 /Qdiag-error:63 /EHsc /D_SECURE_SCL=0 /MT /O3
/Qipo /Qinline-factor=100 /DNDEBUG
configuration Release
os.printable Microsoft Windows
use.mkl TRUE
use.openmp TRUE
这是几个 sys.which 命令的输出：
Sys.getenv('PATH')
[1] "C:\rtools40\usr\bin;C:\Program Files\TIBCO\terrde51\bin\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Parallels\Parallels Tools\Applications;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH\;${RTOOLS40_HOME}\usr\bin;C:\rtools40\mingw32\bin;C:\Users\adi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;"
> system('where make')
C:\rtools40\usr\bin\make.exe
> Sys.which("ls.exe")
ls.exe
"C:\rtools40\usr\bin\ls.exe"
> Sys.which("gcc.exe")
gcc.exe
"C:\rtools40\mingw32\bin\gcc.exe"
我也试过把mingw32改成mingw64。
对于如何解决这个问题，我将不胜感激！
您的 Rtools 版本错误。
来自https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/Rtools/：
This documentation is about rtools40, the current version used for R 4.0.0 and newer. For information about previous versions of Rtools that can be used with R 3.6.3 or older, please visit this page.
您有两种补救方法：
将 R 升级为 R-4.0 或更新版本。如果您愿意，您可以卸载 R-3.6，但只要您的工具使用正确版本的 R-4 或更新版本，就没关系（您通常可以使用 R 的并行版本而没有太大问题）。
降级到 Rtools35。当你 可以 保留 Rtools40 时，你需要确保 R 看到的 PATH 不包括 Rtools40，这可以在 [= 上的系统配置中完成35=]，在您的 ~/.Rprofile/~/.Renviron 中，或在这两个文件的 project-specific 版本中。 （或手动，每次...时间...您...启动...R。）
这听起来像是一台您拥有控制和管理权限的计算机，所以除非您有理由继续使用 R-3.6.2（例如，与其他系统的兼容性，或者您的项目尚未在R-4) 那么我推荐选项 1.
编辑：问题最终是 TERR 5.1.0 实际上是基于 R 3.6。因此需要 Rtools35。第二个问题是我试图将软件包安装到 Rstudio 默认设置的网络位置，因为它安装在 Parallels VM 中。
最近几天我一直在为这个问题苦苦挣扎。 有很多关于如何使用rtools40解决问题的帖子，我阅读了我能找到的所有内容，但仍然没有解决这个问题。 这可能是因为我必须使用 Rstudio 和 TERR（TIBCO Enterprise Runtime for R =）而不是 R，而且一切都在 Parallels VM 中 运行。
安装包时（在本例中是 Vegan，但也尝试了 devtools、tidyverse 等）我得到这些错误：
> install.packages("vegan", verbose = TRUE)
also installing the dependencies 'lattice' 'Matrix' 'nlme' 'mgcv' 'cluster' 'MASS' 'permute'
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:
https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/lattice_0.20-41.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/lattice_0.20-41.zip'
Downloaded 1174416 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Matrix_1.2-18.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/Matrix_1.2-18.zip'
Downloaded 4523013 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/nlme_3.1-149.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/nlme_3.1-149.zip'
Downloaded 2378266 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/mgcv_1.8-33.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/mgcv_1.8-33.zip'
Downloaded 3315098 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/cluster_2.1.0.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/cluster_2.1.0.zip'
Downloaded 593835 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/MASS_7.3-52.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/MASS_7.3-52.zip'
Downloaded 1191263 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/permute_0.9-5.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/permute_0.9-5.zip'
Downloaded 507227 bytes
Trying to download URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/vegan_2.5-6.zip' to file 'C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291/downloaded_packages/vegan_2.5-6.zip'
Downloaded 3846550 bytes
* installing *binary* package lattice from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\lattice_0.20-41.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no lattice/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package Matrix from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\Matrix_1.2-18.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no Matrix/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package nlme from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\nlme_3.1-149.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no nlme/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package mgcv from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\mgcv_1.8-33.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no mgcv/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package cluster from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\cluster_2.1.0.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no cluster/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package MASS from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\MASS_7.3-52.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no MASS/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package permute from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\permute_0.9-5.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no permute/MD5 file)
* installing *binary* package vegan from "C:\TEMP\TERR_06cc00291\downloaded_packages\vegan_2.5-6.zip" to "\\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library\5.1"
'\Mac\Home\Documents\TERR\x86_64-w64-mingw32-library.1'
CMD.EXE was started with the above path as the current directory.
UNC paths are not supported. Defaulting to Windows directory.
* checking MD5 checksums
COULD NOT CHECK MD5 CHECKSUMS (probably no vegan/MD5 file)
这是我的版本信息：
platform x86_64-w64-mingw32
arch x86_64
os mingw32
system x86_64, mingw32
status
major 3
minor 6.2
year 2020
month 05
day 20
svn rev 77560
language TERR
version.string TIBCO Enterprise Runtime for R version 5.1.0
(2020-05-20)
nickname Hale Hydra
TERR.version 5.1.0
TERR.edition Developer Edition
TERR.svn.rev 25477
build V131
compiler Intel
compiler.version Intel(R) C++ Intel(R) 64 Compiler XE for
applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version
15.0.3.208 Build 20150407
compiler.flags /W3 /Qdiag-error:63 /EHsc /D_SECURE_SCL=0 /MT /O3
/Qipo /Qinline-factor=100 /DNDEBUG
configuration Release
os.printable Microsoft Windows
use.mkl TRUE
use.openmp TRUE
这是几个 sys.which 命令的输出：
Sys.getenv('PATH')
[1] "C:\rtools40\usr\bin;C:\Program Files\TIBCO\terrde51\bin\x64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Parallels\Parallels Tools\Applications;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH\;${RTOOLS40_HOME}\usr\bin;C:\rtools40\mingw32\bin;C:\Users\adi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;"
> system('where make')
C:\rtools40\usr\bin\make.exe
> Sys.which("ls.exe")
ls.exe
"C:\rtools40\usr\bin\ls.exe"
> Sys.which("gcc.exe")
gcc.exe
"C:\rtools40\mingw32\bin\gcc.exe"
我也试过把mingw32改成mingw64。
对于如何解决这个问题，我将不胜感激！
您的 Rtools 版本错误。
来自https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/windows/Rtools/：
This documentation is about rtools40, the current version used for R 4.0.0 and newer. For information about previous versions of Rtools that can be used with R 3.6.3 or older, please visit this page.
您有两种补救方法：
将 R 升级为 R-4.0 或更新版本。如果您愿意，您可以卸载 R-3.6，但只要您的工具使用正确版本的 R-4 或更新版本，就没关系（您通常可以使用 R 的并行版本而没有太大问题）。
降级到 Rtools35。当你 可以 保留 Rtools40 时，你需要确保 R 看到的
PATH不包括 Rtools40，这可以在 [= 上的系统配置中完成35=]，在您的~/.Rprofile/~/.Renviron中，或在这两个文件的 project-specific 版本中。 （或手动，每次...时间...您...启动...R。）
这听起来像是一台您拥有控制和管理权限的计算机，所以除非您有理由继续使用 R-3.6.2（例如，与其他系统的兼容性，或者您的项目尚未在R-4) 那么我推荐选项 1.