PreferenceFragmentCompat 在测试时有效，但在已发布的应用程序上崩溃
PreferenceFragmentCompat works while testing but crashes on published app
我 运行 遇到 PreferenceFragmentCompat 的一个非常奇怪的错误。我使用指南 here 将我的偏好分成多个屏幕。这在使用 AVD 测试和使用我连接到 Android Studio 的设备进行测试时按预期工作。但是，当我将应用程序发布到 Play 商店并 运行 发布的版本时，每次我尝试单击多个设置之一时它都会崩溃。我已经确认 Android 8 和 10 都崩溃了。我不知道为什么它在测试时按预期工作，但在已发布的版本中却崩溃了？我正在发布到一个封闭的 alpha 轨道。我试过在崩溃时使用“发送反馈”选项来查看崩溃报告，但它在 Play 控制台中不可用，所以我无法追踪发生了什么。下面是代码：
build.gradle (Module: app)
...
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.2.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.1'
implementation 'androidx.preference:preference:1.1.1'
...
MainActivity.kt
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var settingsButton: ImageButton
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
...
settingsButton = findViewById(R.id.settingsButtonMain)
settingsButton.setOnClickListener {
settingsClicked()
}
...
}
private fun settingsClicked() {
val settingsIntent = Intent(this, SettingsActivity::class.java)
startActivity(settingsIntent)
}
}
SettingsActivity.kt
class SettingsActivity : AppCompatActivity(), PreferenceFragmentCompat.OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
...
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.settings, SettingsFragment(this)).commit()
supportFragmentManager.addOnBackStackChangedListener {
if(supportFragmentManager.backStackEntryCount == 0) {
title = "App Settings"
}
}
supportActionBar?.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true)
...
}
class SettingsFragment(cont: Context) : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {
private var context1: Context = cont
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.root_preferences, rootKey)
}
}
class Screen1PreferencesFragment : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.screen1_preferences, null)
}
}
class Screen2PreferencesFragment : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.screen2_preferences, null)
}
}
override fun onPreferenceStartFragment(caller: PreferenceFragmentCompat?, pref: Preference): Boolean {
val args: Bundle = pref.extras
val fragment: Fragment = supportFragmentManager.fragmentFactory.instantiate(classLoader, pref.fragment)
fragment.arguments = args
fragment.setTargetFragment(caller, 0)
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.settings, fragment).addToBackStack(null).commit()
return true
}
override fun onSupportNavigateUp(): Boolean {
if(supportFragmentManager.popBackStackImmediate()) {
return true
}
return super.onSupportNavigateUp()
}
}
root_preferences.xml
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<PreferenceCategory app:title="App Settings">
<Preference
app:fragment="com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment"
app:summary="Multi pref screen1"
app:title="Screen 1" />
<Preference
app:fragment="com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen2PreferencesFragment"
app:summary="Multi pref screen2"
app:title="Screen 2" />
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>
screen1_preferences.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<PreferenceCategory app:title="Screen 1">
<Preference
android:clickable="false"
app:enabled="false"
app:summary="This is screen 1"
app:title="Screen 1" />
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>
screen2_preferences.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<PreferenceCategory app:title="Screen 2">
<Preference
android:clickable="false"
app:enabled="false"
app:summary="This is screen 2"
app:title="Screen 2" />
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>
在应用发布时，Google 的自动测试人员报告了以下可能相关的崩溃堆栈跟踪：
androidx.fragment.app.Fragment$InstantiationException:
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentFactory.loadFragmentClass (FragmentFactory.java:57)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate (Fragment.java:8)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainer.instantiate (FragmentContainer.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.instantiate (FragmentManager.java:2)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.onPreferenceStartFragment (SettingsActivity.java:2)
at androidx.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat.onPreferenceTreeClick (PreferenceFragmentCompat.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.onClick (Preference.java:2)
at android.view.View.performClick (View.java:7140)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal (View.java:7117)
at android.view.View.access00 (View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run (View.java:27351)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback (Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage (Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop (Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main (ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run (RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main (ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:
at java.lang.Class.classForName (Class.java)
at java.lang.Class.forName (Class.java:454)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentFactory.loadClass (FragmentFactory.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentFactory.loadFragmentClass (FragmentFactory.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate (Fragment.java:8)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainer.instantiate (FragmentContainer.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.instantiate (FragmentManager.java:2)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.onPreferenceStartFragment (SettingsActivity.java:2)
at androidx.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat.onPreferenceTreeClick (PreferenceFragmentCompat.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.onClick (Preference.java:2)
at android.view.View.performClick (View.java:7140)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal (View.java:7117)
at android.view.View.access00 (View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run (View.java:27351)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback (Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage (Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop (Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main (ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run (RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main (ZygoteInit.java:930)
编辑：供将来参考 - 我能够获得完整的错误日志：
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.TestApp, PID: 20293
androidx.fragment.app.Fragment$e: Unable to instantiate fragment com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment: make sure class name exists
at a.j.d.i.d(:91)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate(:546)
at a.j.d.f.a(:57)
at a.j.d.m$c.a(:390)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.e(:370)
at a.n.g.q(:407)
at androidx.preference.Preference.h0(:1192)
at androidx.preference.Preference.i0(:1166)
at androidx.preference.Preference$a.onClick(:181)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7125)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7102)
at android.view.View.access00(View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:27336)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment
at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:454)
at a.j.d.i.c(:47)
at a.j.d.i.d(:88)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate(:546)
at a.j.d.f.a(:57)
at a.j.d.m$c.a(:390)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.e(:370)
at a.n.g.q(:407)
at androidx.preference.Preference.h0(:1192)
at androidx.preference.Preference.i0(:1166)
at androidx.preference.Preference$a.onClick(:181)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7125)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7102)
at android.view.View.access00(View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:27336)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/com.example.TestApp-Y6977dm5oijKMZmKaT4_3A==/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/com.example.TestApp-Y6977dm5oijKMZmKaT4_3A==/lib/x86, /system/lib, /system/product/lib]]
at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:196)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:379)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:454)
at a.j.d.i.c(:47)
at a.j.d.i.d(:88)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate(:546)
at a.j.d.f.a(:57)
at a.j.d.m$c.a(:390)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.e(:370)
at a.n.g.q(:407)
at androidx.preference.Preference.h0(:1192)
at androidx.preference.Preference.i0(:1166)
at androidx.preference.Preference$a.onClick(:181)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7125)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7102)
at android.view.View.access00(View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:27336)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
I/Process: Sending signal. PID: 20293 SIG: 9
Disconnected from the target VM, address: 'localhost:8607', transport: 'socket'
感谢@heX 在这方面为我指明了正确的方向。要复制 Android Studio AVD 中的错误，请在 build.gradle 中的 buildTypes 中添加以下代码（模块：app）
buildTypes {
debug {
minifyEnabled true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
运行 您的应用程序处于调试模式，当您触发它时它会显示错误。 在这种特殊情况下的解决方案是将以下内容添加到 proguard-rules.pro 文件中：
-keep class * extends androidx.fragment.app.Fragment { public *; }
我会把它留给聪明的人来解释为什么它有效。或者，如果您不介意失去缩小的好处，您可以在 build.gradle 中设置 minifyEnabled false。
我 运行 遇到 PreferenceFragmentCompat 的一个非常奇怪的错误。我使用指南 here 将我的偏好分成多个屏幕。这在使用 AVD 测试和使用我连接到 Android Studio 的设备进行测试时按预期工作。但是，当我将应用程序发布到 Play 商店并 运行 发布的版本时，每次我尝试单击多个设置之一时它都会崩溃。我已经确认 Android 8 和 10 都崩溃了。我不知道为什么它在测试时按预期工作，但在已发布的版本中却崩溃了？我正在发布到一个封闭的 alpha 轨道。我试过在崩溃时使用“发送反馈”选项来查看崩溃报告，但它在 Play 控制台中不可用，所以我无法追踪发生了什么。下面是代码：
build.gradle (Module: app)
...
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.2.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.1'
implementation 'androidx.preference:preference:1.1.1'
...
MainActivity.kt
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var settingsButton: ImageButton
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
...
settingsButton = findViewById(R.id.settingsButtonMain)
settingsButton.setOnClickListener {
settingsClicked()
}
...
}
private fun settingsClicked() {
val settingsIntent = Intent(this, SettingsActivity::class.java)
startActivity(settingsIntent)
}
}
SettingsActivity.kt
class SettingsActivity : AppCompatActivity(), PreferenceFragmentCompat.OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
...
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.settings, SettingsFragment(this)).commit()
supportFragmentManager.addOnBackStackChangedListener {
if(supportFragmentManager.backStackEntryCount == 0) {
title = "App Settings"
}
}
supportActionBar?.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true)
...
}
class SettingsFragment(cont: Context) : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {
private var context1: Context = cont
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.root_preferences, rootKey)
}
}
class Screen1PreferencesFragment : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.screen1_preferences, null)
}
}
class Screen2PreferencesFragment : PreferenceFragmentCompat() {
override fun onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState: Bundle?, rootKey: String?) {
setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.screen2_preferences, null)
}
}
override fun onPreferenceStartFragment(caller: PreferenceFragmentCompat?, pref: Preference): Boolean {
val args: Bundle = pref.extras
val fragment: Fragment = supportFragmentManager.fragmentFactory.instantiate(classLoader, pref.fragment)
fragment.arguments = args
fragment.setTargetFragment(caller, 0)
supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.settings, fragment).addToBackStack(null).commit()
return true
}
override fun onSupportNavigateUp(): Boolean {
if(supportFragmentManager.popBackStackImmediate()) {
return true
}
return super.onSupportNavigateUp()
}
}
root_preferences.xml
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<PreferenceCategory app:title="App Settings">
<Preference
app:fragment="com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment"
app:summary="Multi pref screen1"
app:title="Screen 1" />
<Preference
app:fragment="com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen2PreferencesFragment"
app:summary="Multi pref screen2"
app:title="Screen 2" />
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>
screen1_preferences.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<PreferenceCategory app:title="Screen 1">
<Preference
android:clickable="false"
app:enabled="false"
app:summary="This is screen 1"
app:title="Screen 1" />
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>
screen2_preferences.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<PreferenceCategory app:title="Screen 2">
<Preference
android:clickable="false"
app:enabled="false"
app:summary="This is screen 2"
app:title="Screen 2" />
</PreferenceCategory>
</PreferenceScreen>
在应用发布时，Google 的自动测试人员报告了以下可能相关的崩溃堆栈跟踪：
androidx.fragment.app.Fragment$InstantiationException:
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentFactory.loadFragmentClass (FragmentFactory.java:57)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate (Fragment.java:8)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainer.instantiate (FragmentContainer.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.instantiate (FragmentManager.java:2)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.onPreferenceStartFragment (SettingsActivity.java:2)
at androidx.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat.onPreferenceTreeClick (PreferenceFragmentCompat.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.onClick (Preference.java:2)
at android.view.View.performClick (View.java:7140)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal (View.java:7117)
at android.view.View.access00 (View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run (View.java:27351)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback (Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage (Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop (Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main (ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run (RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main (ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:
at java.lang.Class.classForName (Class.java)
at java.lang.Class.forName (Class.java:454)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentFactory.loadClass (FragmentFactory.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentFactory.loadFragmentClass (FragmentFactory.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate (Fragment.java:8)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainer.instantiate (FragmentContainer.java:2)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.instantiate (FragmentManager.java:2)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.onPreferenceStartFragment (SettingsActivity.java:2)
at androidx.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat.onPreferenceTreeClick (PreferenceFragmentCompat.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.performClick (Preference.java:8)
at androidx.preference.Preference.onClick (Preference.java:2)
at android.view.View.performClick (View.java:7140)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal (View.java:7117)
at android.view.View.access00 (View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run (View.java:27351)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback (Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage (Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop (Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main (ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run (RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main (ZygoteInit.java:930)
编辑：供将来参考 - 我能够获得完整的错误日志：
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.TestApp, PID: 20293
androidx.fragment.app.Fragment$e: Unable to instantiate fragment com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment: make sure class name exists
at a.j.d.i.d(:91)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate(:546)
at a.j.d.f.a(:57)
at a.j.d.m$c.a(:390)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.e(:370)
at a.n.g.q(:407)
at androidx.preference.Preference.h0(:1192)
at androidx.preference.Preference.i0(:1166)
at androidx.preference.Preference$a.onClick(:181)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7125)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7102)
at android.view.View.access00(View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:27336)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment
at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:454)
at a.j.d.i.c(:47)
at a.j.d.i.d(:88)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate(:546)
at a.j.d.f.a(:57)
at a.j.d.m$c.a(:390)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.e(:370)
at a.n.g.q(:407)
at androidx.preference.Preference.h0(:1192)
at androidx.preference.Preference.i0(:1166)
at androidx.preference.Preference$a.onClick(:181)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7125)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7102)
at android.view.View.access00(View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:27336)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity$Screen1PreferencesFragment" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/app/com.example.TestApp-Y6977dm5oijKMZmKaT4_3A==/base.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app/com.example.TestApp-Y6977dm5oijKMZmKaT4_3A==/lib/x86, /system/lib, /system/product/lib]]
at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:196)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:379)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:454)
at a.j.d.i.c(:47)
at a.j.d.i.d(:88)
at androidx.fragment.app.Fragment.instantiate(:546)
at a.j.d.f.a(:57)
at a.j.d.m$c.a(:390)
at com.example.TestApp.SettingsActivity.e(:370)
at a.n.g.q(:407)
at androidx.preference.Preference.h0(:1192)
at androidx.preference.Preference.i0(:1166)
at androidx.preference.Preference$a.onClick(:181)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7125)
at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7102)
at android.view.View.access00(View.java:801)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:27336)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:883)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:100)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
I/Process: Sending signal. PID: 20293 SIG: 9
Disconnected from the target VM, address: 'localhost:8607', transport: 'socket'
感谢@heX 在这方面为我指明了正确的方向。要复制 Android Studio AVD 中的错误，请在 build.gradle 中的 buildTypes 中添加以下代码（模块：app）
buildTypes {
debug {
minifyEnabled true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
运行 您的应用程序处于调试模式，当您触发它时它会显示错误。 在这种特殊情况下的解决方案是将以下内容添加到 proguard-rules.pro 文件中：
-keep class * extends androidx.fragment.app.Fragment { public *; }
我会把它留给聪明的人来解释为什么它有效。或者，如果您不介意失去缩小的好处，您可以在 build.gradle 中设置 minifyEnabled false。