ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python which > use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python which > use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

嗨， 我对这里显示的问题也有同样的问题 ERROR: Could not build wheels for scipy which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly。

我正在使用 jetson Nano (ubuntu 18.04)。

错误

Building wheel for opencv-python (PEP 517) ... error ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: command: /home/christopher/heartkillayolotest2/heartkillayolotest2/bin/python /home/christopher/heartkillayolotest2/heartkillayolotest2/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmpwort0shc cwd: /tmp/pip-install-g68zdlf0/opencv-python Complete output (9 lines): File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1b_l6sbo/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 560, in setup cmkr = cmaker.CMaker(cmake_executable) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1b_l6sbo/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 95, in init self.cmake_version = get_cmake_version(self.cmake_executable) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-1b_l6sbo/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 82, in get_cmake_version "Problem with the CMake installation, aborting build. CMake executable is %s" % cmake_executable) Traceback (most recent call last): Problem with the CMake installation, aborting build. CMake executable is cmake ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python Failed to build opencv-python ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

我试过这个来解决问题，但没有帮助：

(heartkillayolotest2)christopher@ccz:~/heartkillayolotest2/heartkillayolotest2$ pip3 install --upgrade pip Requirement already up-to-date: pip in ./lib/python3.6/site-packages (20.2.3)

和

(heartkillayolotest2) christopher@ccz:~/heartkillayolotest2/heartkillayolotest2/yolo-v3$ pip3 install --upgrade pip Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /home/christopher/heartkillayolotest2/heartkillayolotest2/lib/python3.6/site-packages (20.2.3)

不幸的是，错误仍然存​​在。

有人可以帮助我吗？

问题出在 cmake 和 python 上。 Python 需要 skbuild 和 cython 来完成这项工作。

pip3 install scikit-build
pip3 install cython

然后

pip3 install opencv-python

可惜我还好早了，因为还是会报错。

我做了以下操作（也许这些步骤会对其他人有所帮助）。 但对我来说，没有什么能解决问题。还有什么我可以做的吗？

pip 安装 cython

(yolov3Tensorflow) christopher@ccz:~/TensorFlow_2_x_YOLOv3$ pip install cython Collecting cython Using cached Cython-0.29.21-py2.py3-none-any.whl (974 kB) Installing collected packages: cython Successfully installed cython-0.29.21 WARNING: You are using pip version 20.1.1; however, version 20.2.3 is available. You should consider upgrading via the '/home/christopher/yolov3Tensorflow/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

(yolov3Tensorflow) christopher@ccz:~/TensorFlow_2_x_YOLOv3$ pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel Collecting pip Using cached pip-20.2.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB) Collecting setuptools Using cached setuptools-50.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (785 kB) Collecting wheel
Using cached wheel-0.35.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (33 kB) Installing collected packages: pip, setuptools, wheel Attempting uninstall: pip Found existing installation: pip 20.1.1 Uninstalling pip-20.1.1: Successfully uninstalled pip-20.1.1 Attempting uninstall: setuptools Found existing installation: setuptools 47.1.1 Uninstalling setuptools-47.1.1: Successfully uninstalled setuptools-47.1.1 Attempting uninstall: wheel Found existing installation: wheel 0.34.2 Uninstalling wheel-0.34.2: Successfully uninstalled wheel-0.34.2 Successfully installed pip-20.2.3 setuptools-50.3.0 wheel-0.35.1

pip3 安装scikit-build

(yolov3Tensorflow) christopher@ccz:~/TensorFlow_2_x_YOLOv3$ pip3 install scikit-build Collecting scikit-build Using cached scikit_build-0.11.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (72 kB) Collecting packaging Using cached packaging-20.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (37 kB) Collecting distro Using cached distro-1.5.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB) Requirement already satisfied: wheel>=0.29.0 in /home/christopher/yolov3Tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from scikit-build) (0.35.1) Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=28.0.0; python_version >= "3" in /home/christopher/yolov3Tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from scikit-build) (50.3.0) Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (from packaging->scikit-build) (1.14.0) Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.2 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from packaging->scikit-build) (2.2.0) Installing collected packages: packaging, distro, scikit-build Successfully installed distro-1.5.0 packaging-20.4 scikit-build-0.11.1

pip3 安装 --upgrade pip

(yolov3Tensorflow) christopher@ccz:~/TensorFlow_2_x_YOLOv3$ pip3 install --upgrade pip Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /home/christopher/yolov3Tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages (20.2.3)

pip3 安装 cmake

(yolov3Tensorflow) christopher@ccz:~/TensorFlow_2_x_YOLOv3$ pip3 install cmake Collecting cmake Using cached cmake-3.18.2.post1-py3-none-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (15.2 MB) Installing collected packages: cmake Successfully installed cmake-3.18.2.post1

这又是一个错误

(yolov3Tensorflow) christopher@ccz:~/TensorFlow_2_x_YOLOv3$ pip install opencv-python Collecting opencv-python Using cached opencv-python-4.4.0.44.tar.gz (88.9 MB) Installing build dependencies ... done Getting requirements to build wheel ... done Preparing wheel metadata ... done Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.13.3 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages (from opencv-python) (1.16.1) Building wheels for collected packages: opencv-python Building wheel for opencv-python (PEP 517) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: command: /home/christopher/yolov3Tensorflow/bin/python /home/christopher/yolov3Tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py build_wheel /tmp/tmpg3wn763c cwd: /tmp/pip-install-spfl5_2j/opencv-python Complete output (9 lines): File "/tmp/pip-build-env-3np44f8c/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 560, in setup cmkr = cmaker.CMaker(cmake_executable) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-3np44f8c/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 95, in init self.cmake_version = get_cmake_version(self.cmake_executable) File "/tmp/pip-build-env-3np44f8c/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 82, in get_cmake_version "Problem with the CMake installation, aborting build. CMake executable is %s" % cmake_executable) Traceback (most recent call last): Problem with the CMake installation, aborting build. CMake executable is cmake ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python Failed to build opencv-python ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

我不知道该怎么办知道吗？

您正在使用 Jetson Nano，这是一个 arm64 开发板。 opencv-python 的 ARM 架构没有 pre-built 个轮子。因此，pip 将尝试从源构建包。这不会成功，因为构建所需的 cmake 依赖项存在一个已知问题。您可以检查这些问题以获取更多信息：

目前，由于 cmake 问题，您无法在 ARM 架构系统上通过 opencv-python 包构建 OpenCV 的 Python 绑定。同时，您可以按照官方 OpenCV 文档从源代码安装 OpenCV Python 绑定：https://docs.opencv.org/master/d2/de6/tutorial_py_setup_in_ubuntu.html

请注意，接受的答案不正确。如果您的 pip 版本大于 19.0，pip 将自动安装构建依赖项（不需要 cython）。

非常感谢！我可以通过

安装它 
$ sudo apt-get install python-opencv

之后我不得不再次安装opencv。我按照您提供给我的网站的说明进行操作 (https://docs.opencv.org/master/d2/de6/tutorial_py_setup_in_ubuntu.html)。

我在 python-forum（德语）(https://www.python-forum.de/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=49781&p=373939#p373939) 中也得到了相同的 link。只是为了有人想用德语阅读它。

在尝试了本主题和其他主题中的大部分建议选项之后，包括最流行的选项：在安装 openCV 之前尝试 'pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel'。

最终对我有用的是：

pip install --no-use-pep517 opencv-python

(macOS)