SQL 服务器中的层次结构动态扁平化
Flattening of hierarchy in SQL Server Dynamically
我们有一个 table LedgerAccount，父子关系类似于：
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[LedgerAccounts](
[ledger_key] [int] NOT NULL,
[Ledger] [nvarchar](12) NULL,
[LedgerLevel] [int] NULL,
[ParentAccount] [nvarchar](12) NULL,
[LedgerDescription] [nvarchar](30) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_LedgerAccount] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[ledger_key] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
INSERT INTO [dbo].[LedgerAccounts]
VALUES (40, '020000', 0, '020999', 'Participation'),
(41, '020999', 20, '021000', 'Participation in Group'),
(42, '021000', 0, '021999', 'Loans to..'),
(43, '021999', 20, '022000', 'Loans to group company'),
(44, '022000', 0, '022999', 'Participation in'),
(45, '022999', 20, '029999', 'Other Participation'),
(46, '029999', 30, '059999', 'Financial Fixed Assets'),
(47, '059999', 50, 'TOT.BALANS', 'Fixed Assets'),
(48, 'TOT.BALANS', 90, 'TOT.GB', 'Total Balance sheet'),
(49, 'TOT.GB', 99, 'NULL', 'Total GL')
LedgerLevel 定义层次结构中的级别。父节点 059999 处于最高级别（在此示例中即 90），0 是最低级别的子节点。
我需要使用上面 table 中的层次关系创建一个 table/structure/tmp.table 如下：
在这里，我们可以参数化关卡数量和关卡id。
以下是我在不考虑参数化并假设级别数 = 4 的情况下尝试过的查询。
如果不对级别数和级别 ID 进行硬编码，我如何才能实现相同的目标？
我是SQL的新手，基本了解
create or alter view [dbo].[Ledgerview] as
WITH LedgerAccountstree AS
(
SELECT
ledger_key,
Ledger as CurrLedgerCode,
Ledger,
Ledger as Lvl0Code,
LedgerDescription as Lvl0Description,
cast('-' as nvarchar(12)) as Lvl1Code,
cast('-' as nvarchar(30)) as Lvl1Description,
cast('-' as nvarchar(12)) as Lvl2Code,
cast('-' as nvarchar(30)) as Lvl2Description,
cast('-' as nvarchar(12)) as Lvl3Code,
cast('-' as nvarchar(30)) as Lvl3Description,
ParentAccount,
LedgerLevel
FROM
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts]
WHERE
LedgerLevel = 50
UNION ALL
SELECT
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].ledger_key,
LedgerAccountstree.CurrLedgerCode,
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger,
LedgerAccountstree.Lvl0Code,
LedgerAccountstree.Lvl0Description,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 30 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl1Code end as Lvl1Code,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 30 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerDescription else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl1Description end as Lvl1Description,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 20 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl2Code end as Lvl2Code,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 20 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerDescription else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl2Description end as Lvl2Description,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 0 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl3Code end as Lvl3Code,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 0 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerDescription else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl3Description end as Lvl3Description,
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].ParentAccount,
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel
FROM
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts]
JOIN
LedgerAccountstree
ON LedgerAccountstree.Ledger = [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].[ParentAccount]
)
SELECT
ledger_key,
Ledger,
Lvl0Code +'-'+ Lvl0Description as Level0,
Lvl1Code +'-'+ Lvl1Description as Level1,
Lvl2Code +'-'+ Lvl2Description as Level2,
Lvl3Code +'-'+ Lvl3Description as Level3
FROM
LedgerAccountstree
开始
这应该可以满足您的需求。
这里发生了很多事情，试图将其全部分解为微小的细节将很快成为一个 TLDR。因此，如果您对我为什么做某事或某事如何运作有具体问题，请在评论中提问，我会更新答案以包含这些具体细节。
USE tempdb;
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN DROP TABLE tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts; END;
GO
CREATE TABLE tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts (
ledger_key int NOT NULL,
Ledger nvarchar (12) NULL,
LedgerLevel int NULL,
ParentAccount nvarchar (12) NULL,
LedgerDescription nvarchar (30) NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_LedgerAccount
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ledger_key ASC)
WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY];
GO
INSERT INTO tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts
VALUES (40, '020000', 0, '020999', 'Participation'),
(41, '020999', 20, '021000', 'Participation in Group'),
(42, '021000', 0, '021999', 'Loans to..'),
(43, '021999', 20, '022000', 'Loans to group company'),
(44, '022000', 0, '022999', 'Participation in'),
(45, '022999', 20, '029999', 'Other Participation'),
(46, '029999', 30, '059999', 'Financial Fixed Assets'),
(47, '059999', 50, 'TOT.BALANS', 'Fixed Assets'),
(48, 'TOT.BALANS', 90, 'TOT.GB', 'Total Balance sheet'),
(49, 'TOT.GB', 99, 'NULL', 'Total GL');
GO
-- SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts la;
--=====================================================================================================================
--=====================================================================================================================
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#build_path', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN DROP TABLE #build_path; END;
GO
CREATE TABLE #build_path (
ledger_key int NOT NULL,
Ledger nvarchar(12) NOT NULL,
ParentAccount nvarchar(30) NOT NULL,
h_level int NOT NULL,
h_path nvarchar(4000) NOT NULL
);
GO
WITH
cte_build_path AS (
SELECT
la.ledger_key,
la.Ledger,
la.ParentAccount,
h_level = 0,
h_path = CONVERT(nvarchar(4000), RIGHT(REPLICATE(N' ', 50) + la.ledger + N'-' + la.LedgerDescription, 50))
FROM
dbo.LedgerAccounts la
WHERE
la.Ledger LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
AND la.ParentAccount NOT LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
UNION ALL
SELECT
la.ledger_key,
la.Ledger,
la.ParentAccount,
h_level = bp.h_level + 1,
h_path = CONVERT(nvarchar(4000), bp.h_path + RIGHT(REPLICATE(N' ', 50) + la.ledger + N'-' + la.LedgerDescription, 50))
FROM
dbo.LedgerAccounts la
JOIN cte_build_path bp
ON la.ParentAccount = bp.Ledger
)
INSERT #build_path (ledger_key, Ledger, ParentAccount, h_level, h_path)
SELECT
bp .ledger_key,
bp.Ledger,
bp.ParentAccount,
bp.h_level,
bp.h_path
FROM
cte_build_path bp;
GO
-- SELECT * FROM #build_path bp
--=====================================================================================================================
DECLARE
@d_col_count int = (SELECT MAX(bp.h_level) FROM #build_path bp) + 1,
@d_sql nvarchar(MAX) = N'',
@debug bit = 0;
SELECT TOP (@d_col_count)
@d_sql = CONCAT(@d_sql, N',
[level', x.rn, N'] = CASE WHEN bp.h_level >= ', x.rn, N' THEN LTRIM(SUBSTRING(bp.h_path, ', x.rn * 50 + 1, N', 50)) ELSE N''---'' END'
)
FROM
(
SELECT TOP (@d_col_count)
rn = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ac.object_id) - 1
FROM
sys.all_columns ac
) x
ORDER BY
x.rn ASC;
SELECT @d_sql = CONCAT(N'
SELECT
bp.ledger_key,
bp.Ledger',
@d_sql, N'
FROM
#build_path bp;');
IF @debug = 1
BEGIN
PRINT(@d_sql);
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @d_sql
END;
GO
结果...
ledger_key Ledger level0 level1 level2 level3 level4 level5 level6 level7
----------- ------------ -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
47 059999 059999-Fixed Assets --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
46 029999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets --- --- --- --- --- ---
45 022999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation --- --- --- --- ---
44 022000 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in --- --- --- ---
43 021999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company --- --- ---
42 021000 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company 021000-Loans to.. --- ---
41 020999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company 021000-Loans to.. 020999-Participation in Group ---
40 020000 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company 021000-Loans to.. 020999-Participation in Group 020000-Participation
我们有一个 table LedgerAccount，父子关系类似于：
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[LedgerAccounts](
[ledger_key] [int] NOT NULL,
[Ledger] [nvarchar](12) NULL,
[LedgerLevel] [int] NULL,
[ParentAccount] [nvarchar](12) NULL,
[LedgerDescription] [nvarchar](30) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_LedgerAccount] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[ledger_key] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
INSERT INTO [dbo].[LedgerAccounts]
VALUES (40, '020000', 0, '020999', 'Participation'),
(41, '020999', 20, '021000', 'Participation in Group'),
(42, '021000', 0, '021999', 'Loans to..'),
(43, '021999', 20, '022000', 'Loans to group company'),
(44, '022000', 0, '022999', 'Participation in'),
(45, '022999', 20, '029999', 'Other Participation'),
(46, '029999', 30, '059999', 'Financial Fixed Assets'),
(47, '059999', 50, 'TOT.BALANS', 'Fixed Assets'),
(48, 'TOT.BALANS', 90, 'TOT.GB', 'Total Balance sheet'),
(49, 'TOT.GB', 99, 'NULL', 'Total GL')
LedgerLevel 定义层次结构中的级别。父节点 059999 处于最高级别（在此示例中即 90），0 是最低级别的子节点。 我需要使用上面 table 中的层次关系创建一个 table/structure/tmp.table 如下：
在这里，我们可以参数化关卡数量和关卡id。 以下是我在不考虑参数化并假设级别数 = 4 的情况下尝试过的查询。 如果不对级别数和级别 ID 进行硬编码，我如何才能实现相同的目标？ 我是SQL的新手，基本了解
create or alter view [dbo].[Ledgerview] as
WITH LedgerAccountstree AS
(
SELECT
ledger_key,
Ledger as CurrLedgerCode,
Ledger,
Ledger as Lvl0Code,
LedgerDescription as Lvl0Description,
cast('-' as nvarchar(12)) as Lvl1Code,
cast('-' as nvarchar(30)) as Lvl1Description,
cast('-' as nvarchar(12)) as Lvl2Code,
cast('-' as nvarchar(30)) as Lvl2Description,
cast('-' as nvarchar(12)) as Lvl3Code,
cast('-' as nvarchar(30)) as Lvl3Description,
ParentAccount,
LedgerLevel
FROM
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts]
WHERE
LedgerLevel = 50
UNION ALL
SELECT
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].ledger_key,
LedgerAccountstree.CurrLedgerCode,
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger,
LedgerAccountstree.Lvl0Code,
LedgerAccountstree.Lvl0Description,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 30 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl1Code end as Lvl1Code,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 30 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerDescription else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl1Description end as Lvl1Description,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 20 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl2Code end as Lvl2Code,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 20 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerDescription else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl2Description end as Lvl2Description,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 0 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].Ledger else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl3Code end as Lvl3Code,
case when [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel = 0 then [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerDescription else LedgerAccountstree.Lvl3Description end as Lvl3Description,
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].ParentAccount,
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts].LedgerLevel
FROM
[dbo].[LedgerAccounts]
JOIN
LedgerAccountstree
ON LedgerAccountstree.Ledger = [dbo].[LedgerAccounts].[ParentAccount]
)
SELECT
ledger_key,
Ledger,
Lvl0Code +'-'+ Lvl0Description as Level0,
Lvl1Code +'-'+ Lvl1Description as Level1,
Lvl2Code +'-'+ Lvl2Description as Level2,
Lvl3Code +'-'+ Lvl3Description as Level3
FROM
LedgerAccountstree
开始
这应该可以满足您的需求。 这里发生了很多事情，试图将其全部分解为微小的细节将很快成为一个 TLDR。因此，如果您对我为什么做某事或某事如何运作有具体问题，请在评论中提问，我会更新答案以包含这些具体细节。
USE tempdb;
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN DROP TABLE tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts; END;
GO
CREATE TABLE tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts (
ledger_key int NOT NULL,
Ledger nvarchar (12) NULL,
LedgerLevel int NULL,
ParentAccount nvarchar (12) NULL,
LedgerDescription nvarchar (30) NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_LedgerAccount
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ledger_key ASC)
WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY];
GO
INSERT INTO tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts
VALUES (40, '020000', 0, '020999', 'Participation'),
(41, '020999', 20, '021000', 'Participation in Group'),
(42, '021000', 0, '021999', 'Loans to..'),
(43, '021999', 20, '022000', 'Loans to group company'),
(44, '022000', 0, '022999', 'Participation in'),
(45, '022999', 20, '029999', 'Other Participation'),
(46, '029999', 30, '059999', 'Financial Fixed Assets'),
(47, '059999', 50, 'TOT.BALANS', 'Fixed Assets'),
(48, 'TOT.BALANS', 90, 'TOT.GB', 'Total Balance sheet'),
(49, 'TOT.GB', 99, 'NULL', 'Total GL');
GO
-- SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.LedgerAccounts la;
--=====================================================================================================================
--=====================================================================================================================
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#build_path', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN DROP TABLE #build_path; END;
GO
CREATE TABLE #build_path (
ledger_key int NOT NULL,
Ledger nvarchar(12) NOT NULL,
ParentAccount nvarchar(30) NOT NULL,
h_level int NOT NULL,
h_path nvarchar(4000) NOT NULL
);
GO
WITH
cte_build_path AS (
SELECT
la.ledger_key,
la.Ledger,
la.ParentAccount,
h_level = 0,
h_path = CONVERT(nvarchar(4000), RIGHT(REPLICATE(N' ', 50) + la.ledger + N'-' + la.LedgerDescription, 50))
FROM
dbo.LedgerAccounts la
WHERE
la.Ledger LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
AND la.ParentAccount NOT LIKE '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]'
UNION ALL
SELECT
la.ledger_key,
la.Ledger,
la.ParentAccount,
h_level = bp.h_level + 1,
h_path = CONVERT(nvarchar(4000), bp.h_path + RIGHT(REPLICATE(N' ', 50) + la.ledger + N'-' + la.LedgerDescription, 50))
FROM
dbo.LedgerAccounts la
JOIN cte_build_path bp
ON la.ParentAccount = bp.Ledger
)
INSERT #build_path (ledger_key, Ledger, ParentAccount, h_level, h_path)
SELECT
bp .ledger_key,
bp.Ledger,
bp.ParentAccount,
bp.h_level,
bp.h_path
FROM
cte_build_path bp;
GO
-- SELECT * FROM #build_path bp
--=====================================================================================================================
DECLARE
@d_col_count int = (SELECT MAX(bp.h_level) FROM #build_path bp) + 1,
@d_sql nvarchar(MAX) = N'',
@debug bit = 0;
SELECT TOP (@d_col_count)
@d_sql = CONCAT(@d_sql, N',
[level', x.rn, N'] = CASE WHEN bp.h_level >= ', x.rn, N' THEN LTRIM(SUBSTRING(bp.h_path, ', x.rn * 50 + 1, N', 50)) ELSE N''---'' END'
)
FROM
(
SELECT TOP (@d_col_count)
rn = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ac.object_id) - 1
FROM
sys.all_columns ac
) x
ORDER BY
x.rn ASC;
SELECT @d_sql = CONCAT(N'
SELECT
bp.ledger_key,
bp.Ledger',
@d_sql, N'
FROM
#build_path bp;');
IF @debug = 1
BEGIN
PRINT(@d_sql);
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
EXEC sys.sp_executesql @d_sql
END;
GO
结果...
ledger_key Ledger level0 level1 level2 level3 level4 level5 level6 level7
----------- ------------ -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
47 059999 059999-Fixed Assets --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
46 029999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets --- --- --- --- --- ---
45 022999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation --- --- --- --- ---
44 022000 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in --- --- --- ---
43 021999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company --- --- ---
42 021000 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company 021000-Loans to.. --- ---
41 020999 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company 021000-Loans to.. 020999-Participation in Group ---
40 020000 059999-Fixed Assets 029999-Financial Fixed Assets 022999-Other Participation 022000-Participation in 021999-Loans to group company 021000-Loans to.. 020999-Participation in Group 020000-Participation