Flask(flask db init): AttributeError: module 'time' has no attribute 'clock'

Question

在学习 Flask 教程时，我偶然发现了这个非常棘手的运行问题！在设置 迁移目录 时，在 使用 set FLASK_APP=sql1.py 设置烧瓶应用 的第一步之后，当我运行这个命令 flask db init 我得到这个错误：

(first_flask_env) C:\Users\aakash\Desktop\python programs>flask db init
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\runpy.py", line 194, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\Users\aakash\Anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\Scripts\flask.exe\__main__.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 894, in main
    cli.main(args=args, prog_name=name)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 557, in main
    return super(FlaskGroup, self).main(*args, **kwargs)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 697, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 1061, in invoke
    cmd_name, cmd, args = self.resolve_command(ctx, args)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 1100, in resolve_command
    cmd = self.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 500, in get_command
    self._load_plugin_commands()
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 496, in _load_plugin_commands
    self.add_command(ep.load(), ep.name)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 2472, in load
    return self.resolve()
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 2478, in resolve
    module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\flask_migrate\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from alembic import __version__ as __alembic_version__
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from . import op  # noqa
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\op.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .operations.base import Operations
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\operations\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .base import Operations, BatchOperations
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\operations\base.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .. import util
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from .pyfiles import (  # noqa
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\pyfiles.py", line 6, in <module>
    from mako.template import Template
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\mako\template.py", line 10, in <module>
    from mako.lexer import Lexer
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\mako\lexer.py", line 11, in <module>
    from mako import parsetree, exceptions, compat
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\mako\parsetree.py", line 9, in <module>
    from mako import exceptions, ast, util, filters, compat
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\mako\exceptions.py", line 11, in <module>
    from mako import util, compat
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\mako\util.py", line 11, in <module>
    from mako import compat
  File "c:\users\aakash\anaconda3\envs\first_flask_env\lib\site-packages\mako\compat.py", line 124, in <module>
    time_func = time.clock
AttributeError: module 'time' has no attribute 'clock'

我在运行我的 .py 脚本中也遇到了完全相同的错误，这是脚本：

from flask import Flask
import os
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy 
from flask_migrate import Migrate

basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))   #Full directory path of the file I'm working with..here, sql1.py

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'data.sqlite')
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False 
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

Migrate(app,db) #Here it connect the application "app.py"
                # with the database "db"    
class puppy(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'Name Provided by me!!'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key = True)
    name = db.Column(db.Text)
    age = db.Column(db.Integer)
    
    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    def __repr__(self):
        return f"puppy {self.name} is {self.age} year/s old!"

我研究了我找到的每个解决方案 (here and this) 并确保一切正确！当 我的环境被激活时，我运行这个命令 已经安装了所有需要的包，包括 SQLAlchemy 和 Flask-Migrate.

我什至删除了它们（软件包）并重新安装了它们的最新版本，但仍然出现相同的错误！我正在使用 Python 3.8.5

Answer 1

您有一些依赖项太旧且与 Python 3.8 不兼容。至少，您应该更新 mako 包：

pip install --upgrade mako

Answer 2

我有一个类似的问题我不得不更新 flask_sqlalchemy 即使在这样做之后我也遇到了问题。我最终不得不创建一个新的虚拟环境，我会在另一个虚拟环境上创建一个小的 hello world 项目，看看是否可行。

Answer 3

对我来说，它给出了同样的错误，所以我从具有 app.py

的文件夹中删除了 __init__.py 文件

删除后我运行

flask init db

有效:)

Flask(flask db init): AttributeError: module 'time' has no attribute 'clock'

Flask(flask db init): AttributeError: module 'time' has no attribute 'clock'

python

python-3.x

flask

flask-sqlalchemy

flask-migrate