为什么当我单击提交按钮时此 PyQt5 发票 GUI 应用程序的 "Python stop working"？
Why does the "Python stop working" for this PyQt5 invoice GUI application when i clicked submit button?
如果你能帮我解决这个问题，我将很高兴。我正在练习 PyQt5 Gui 应用程序的编码。这是生成发票的简单 GUI 应用程序。但每当我点击提交（创建发票）按钮时，它就会停止。我无法弄清楚问题所在。请帮我解决问题。
更新：任何人都可以无误地修复代码吗？
错误信息是：
>>> Exception "unhandled AttributeError"
'InvoiceForm' object has no attribute 'setCentralWidget'
代码如下：-
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QSize, QSizeF, QDate
from PyQt5.QtGui import QTextDocument, QTextCursor
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QFormLayout, QLineEdit, QPlainTextEdit, QSpinBox, QDateEdit, QTableWidget, \
QHeaderView, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QTextEdit, QApplication, QMainWindow
class InvoiceForm(QWidget):
submitted = pyqtSignal(dict)
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setLayout(QFormLayout())
self.inputs = dict()
self.inputs['Customer Name'] = QLineEdit()
self.inputs['Customer Address'] = QPlainTextEdit()
self.inputs['Invoice Date'] = QDateEdit(date=QDate.currentDate(), calendarPopup=True)
self.inputs['Days until Due'] = QSpinBox()
for label, widget in self.inputs.items():
self.layout().addRow(label, widget)
self.line_items = QTableWidget(rowCount=10, columnCount=3)
self.line_items.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(['Job', 'Rate', 'Hours'])
self.line_items.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)
self.layout().addRow(self.line_items)
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
for col in range(self.line_items.columnCount()):
if col > 0:
w = QSpinBox()
self.line_items.setCellWidget(row, col, w)
submit = QPushButton('Create Invoice', clicked=self.on_submit)
self.layout().addRow(submit)
def on_submit(self):
data = {'c_name': self.inputs['Customer Name'].text(),
'c_addr': self.inputs['Customer Address'].toPlainText(),
'i_date': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().toString(),
'i_due': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().addDays(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()).toString(),
'i_terms': '{} days'.format(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()),
'line_items': list()}
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
if not self.line_items.item(row, 0):
continue
job = self.line_items.item(row, 0).text()
rate = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 1).value()
hours = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 2).value()
total = rate * hours
row_data = [job, rate, hours, total]
if any(row_data):
data['line_items'].append(row_data)
data['total_due'] = sum(x[3] for x in data['line_items'])
self.submitted.emit(data)
main = QWidget()
main.setLayout(QHBoxLayout())
self.setCentralWidget(main)
form = InvoiceForm()
main.layout().addWidget(form)
self.preview = InvoiceView()
main.layout().addWidget(self.preview)
form.submitted.connect(self.preview.build_invoice)
class InvoiceView(QTextEdit):
dpi = 72
doc_width = 8.5 * dpi
doc_height = 11 * dpi
def __init__(self):
super().__init__(readOnly=True)
self.setFixedSize(QSize(self.doc_width, self.doc_height))
def build_invoice(self, data):
document = QTextDocument()
self.setDocument(document)
document.setPageSize(QSizeF(self.doc_width, self.doc_height))
cursor = QTextCursor(document)
cursor.insertText("Invoice, woohoo!")
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = InvoiceForm()
window.show()
app.exec_()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
如果您 运行 您的代码在 shell/prompt 中，您会清楚地看到错误：
>>> Exception "unhandled AttributeError"
'InvoiceForm' object has no attribute 'setCentralWidget'
问题是 setCentralWidget 是 QMainWindow 的函数，而您使用的是简单的 QWidget。
虽然您可以尝试从 QMainWindow 继承 InvoiceForm 并相应地修改其布局和逻辑，但它不会很好地工作，因为您犯了一些概念错误：最重要的是尝试添加 InvoiceForm 实例本身，但在 将其连接到 build_invoice 之前，您还发射了 submitted 信号 ，因此它不会按预期工作。
最好的解决方案是创建一个 QMainWindow 子类并将这些小部件的实例添加到它。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QSize, QSizeF, QDate
from PyQt5.QtGui import QTextDocument, QTextCursor
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QFormLayout, QLineEdit, QPlainTextEdit, QSpinBox, QDateEdit, QTableWidget, \
QHeaderView, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QTextEdit, QApplication, QMainWindow
class InvoiceForm(QWidget):
submitted = pyqtSignal(dict)
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setLayout(QFormLayout())
self.inputs = dict()
self.inputs['Customer Name'] = QLineEdit()
self.inputs['Customer Address'] = QPlainTextEdit()
self.inputs['Invoice Date'] = QDateEdit(date=QDate.currentDate(), calendarPopup=True)
self.inputs['Days until Due'] = QSpinBox()
for label, widget in self.inputs.items():
self.layout().addRow(label, widget)
self.line_items = QTableWidget(rowCount=10, columnCount=3)
self.line_items.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(['Job', 'Rate', 'Hours'])
self.line_items.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)
self.layout().addRow(self.line_items)
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
for col in range(self.line_items.columnCount()):
if col > 0:
w = QSpinBox()
self.line_items.setCellWidget(row, col, w)
submit = QPushButton('Create Invoice', clicked=self.on_submit)
self.layout().addRow(submit)
def on_submit(self):
data = {'c_name': self.inputs['Customer Name'].text(),
'c_addr': self.inputs['Customer Address'].toPlainText(),
'i_date': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().toString(),
'i_due': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().addDays(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()).toString(),
'i_terms': '{} days'.format(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()),
'line_items': list()}
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
if not self.line_items.item(row, 0):
continue
job = self.line_items.item(row, 0).text()
rate = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 1).value()
hours = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 2).value()
total = rate * hours
row_data = [job, rate, hours, total]
if any(row_data):
data['line_items'].append(row_data)
data['total_due'] = sum(x[3] for x in data['line_items'])
self.submitted.emit(data)
<b># remove everything else in this function below this point</b>
class InvoiceView(QTextEdit):
# ...
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
central = QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(central)
layout = QHBoxLayout(central)
self.invoiceForm = InvoiceForm()
layout.addWidget(self.invoiceForm)
self.invoiceView = InvoiceView()
layout.addWidget(self.invoiceView)
# hide the widget right now...
self.invoiceView.setVisible(False)
self.invoiceForm.submitted.connect(self.showPreview)
def showPreview(self, data):
self.invoiceView.setVisible(True)
self.invoiceView.build_invoice(data)
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = <b>MainWindow()</b>
window.show()
app.exec_()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
如果你能帮我解决这个问题，我将很高兴。我正在练习 PyQt5 Gui 应用程序的编码。这是生成发票的简单 GUI 应用程序。但每当我点击提交（创建发票）按钮时，它就会停止。我无法弄清楚问题所在。请帮我解决问题。
更新：任何人都可以无误地修复代码吗？ 错误信息是：
>>> Exception "unhandled AttributeError"
'InvoiceForm' object has no attribute 'setCentralWidget'
代码如下：-
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QSize, QSizeF, QDate
from PyQt5.QtGui import QTextDocument, QTextCursor
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QFormLayout, QLineEdit, QPlainTextEdit, QSpinBox, QDateEdit, QTableWidget, \
QHeaderView, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QTextEdit, QApplication, QMainWindow
class InvoiceForm(QWidget):
submitted = pyqtSignal(dict)
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setLayout(QFormLayout())
self.inputs = dict()
self.inputs['Customer Name'] = QLineEdit()
self.inputs['Customer Address'] = QPlainTextEdit()
self.inputs['Invoice Date'] = QDateEdit(date=QDate.currentDate(), calendarPopup=True)
self.inputs['Days until Due'] = QSpinBox()
for label, widget in self.inputs.items():
self.layout().addRow(label, widget)
self.line_items = QTableWidget(rowCount=10, columnCount=3)
self.line_items.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(['Job', 'Rate', 'Hours'])
self.line_items.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)
self.layout().addRow(self.line_items)
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
for col in range(self.line_items.columnCount()):
if col > 0:
w = QSpinBox()
self.line_items.setCellWidget(row, col, w)
submit = QPushButton('Create Invoice', clicked=self.on_submit)
self.layout().addRow(submit)
def on_submit(self):
data = {'c_name': self.inputs['Customer Name'].text(),
'c_addr': self.inputs['Customer Address'].toPlainText(),
'i_date': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().toString(),
'i_due': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().addDays(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()).toString(),
'i_terms': '{} days'.format(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()),
'line_items': list()}
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
if not self.line_items.item(row, 0):
continue
job = self.line_items.item(row, 0).text()
rate = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 1).value()
hours = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 2).value()
total = rate * hours
row_data = [job, rate, hours, total]
if any(row_data):
data['line_items'].append(row_data)
data['total_due'] = sum(x[3] for x in data['line_items'])
self.submitted.emit(data)
main = QWidget()
main.setLayout(QHBoxLayout())
self.setCentralWidget(main)
form = InvoiceForm()
main.layout().addWidget(form)
self.preview = InvoiceView()
main.layout().addWidget(self.preview)
form.submitted.connect(self.preview.build_invoice)
class InvoiceView(QTextEdit):
dpi = 72
doc_width = 8.5 * dpi
doc_height = 11 * dpi
def __init__(self):
super().__init__(readOnly=True)
self.setFixedSize(QSize(self.doc_width, self.doc_height))
def build_invoice(self, data):
document = QTextDocument()
self.setDocument(document)
document.setPageSize(QSizeF(self.doc_width, self.doc_height))
cursor = QTextCursor(document)
cursor.insertText("Invoice, woohoo!")
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = InvoiceForm()
window.show()
app.exec_()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
如果您 运行 您的代码在 shell/prompt 中，您会清楚地看到错误：
>>> Exception "unhandled AttributeError"
'InvoiceForm' object has no attribute 'setCentralWidget'
问题是 setCentralWidget 是 QMainWindow 的函数，而您使用的是简单的 QWidget。
虽然您可以尝试从 QMainWindow 继承 InvoiceForm 并相应地修改其布局和逻辑，但它不会很好地工作，因为您犯了一些概念错误：最重要的是尝试添加 InvoiceForm 实例本身，但在 将其连接到 build_invoice 之前，您还发射了 submitted 信号 ，因此它不会按预期工作。
最好的解决方案是创建一个 QMainWindow 子类并将这些小部件的实例添加到它。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QSize, QSizeF, QDate
from PyQt5.QtGui import QTextDocument, QTextCursor
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QFormLayout, QLineEdit, QPlainTextEdit, QSpinBox, QDateEdit, QTableWidget, \
QHeaderView, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QTextEdit, QApplication, QMainWindow
class InvoiceForm(QWidget):
submitted = pyqtSignal(dict)
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setLayout(QFormLayout())
self.inputs = dict()
self.inputs['Customer Name'] = QLineEdit()
self.inputs['Customer Address'] = QPlainTextEdit()
self.inputs['Invoice Date'] = QDateEdit(date=QDate.currentDate(), calendarPopup=True)
self.inputs['Days until Due'] = QSpinBox()
for label, widget in self.inputs.items():
self.layout().addRow(label, widget)
self.line_items = QTableWidget(rowCount=10, columnCount=3)
self.line_items.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(['Job', 'Rate', 'Hours'])
self.line_items.horizontalHeader().setSectionResizeMode(QHeaderView.Stretch)
self.layout().addRow(self.line_items)
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
for col in range(self.line_items.columnCount()):
if col > 0:
w = QSpinBox()
self.line_items.setCellWidget(row, col, w)
submit = QPushButton('Create Invoice', clicked=self.on_submit)
self.layout().addRow(submit)
def on_submit(self):
data = {'c_name': self.inputs['Customer Name'].text(),
'c_addr': self.inputs['Customer Address'].toPlainText(),
'i_date': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().toString(),
'i_due': self.inputs['Invoice Date'].date().addDays(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()).toString(),
'i_terms': '{} days'.format(self.inputs['Days until Due'].value()),
'line_items': list()}
for row in range(self.line_items.rowCount()):
if not self.line_items.item(row, 0):
continue
job = self.line_items.item(row, 0).text()
rate = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 1).value()
hours = self.line_items.cellWidget(row, 2).value()
total = rate * hours
row_data = [job, rate, hours, total]
if any(row_data):
data['line_items'].append(row_data)
data['total_due'] = sum(x[3] for x in data['line_items'])
self.submitted.emit(data)
<b># remove everything else in this function below this point</b>
class InvoiceView(QTextEdit):
# ...
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
central = QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(central)
layout = QHBoxLayout(central)
self.invoiceForm = InvoiceForm()
layout.addWidget(self.invoiceForm)
self.invoiceView = InvoiceView()
layout.addWidget(self.invoiceView)
# hide the widget right now...
self.invoiceView.setVisible(False)
self.invoiceForm.submitted.connect(self.showPreview)
def showPreview(self, data):
self.invoiceView.setVisible(True)
self.invoiceView.build_invoice(data)
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = <b>MainWindow()</b>
window.show()
app.exec_()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()