如何向 matplotlib/seaborn 条形图添加第二个轴并使次要点与正确的条形对齐？

Question

我写了一个（新手）python 函数（如下）来绘制由主要维度和可能的次要维度分解的条形图。例如，下图显示了每个性别中达到特定教育水平的人的百分比。

问题：如何在每个条形图上叠加该子组的家庭人数中位数，例如在 College/Female 柱上放置一个表示值“3”的点。 None 我见过的示例准确地覆盖了正确柱上的点。

我对此非常陌生，非常感谢您的帮助！

df = pd.DataFrame({'Student'       : ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Chris',  'Dave',    'Edna',    'Frank'], 
                   'Education'     : ['HS',    'HS',  'HS',     'College', 'College', 'HS'   ],
                   'Household Size': [4,        4,     3,        3,         3,         6     ],
                   'Gender'        : ['F',     'M',   'M',      'M',       'F',       'M'    ]});


def MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame, primaryDimension, secondaryDimension=None, extraAggregatedField=None):
    lod = dataFrame.groupby([secondaryDimension]) if secondaryDimension is not None else dataFrame

    primaryDimensionPercent = lod[primaryDimension].value_counts(normalize=True) \
                         .rename('percentage') \
                         .mul(100) \
                         .reset_index(drop=False);

    if secondaryDimension is not None:
        primaryDimensionPercent = primaryDimensionPercent.sort_values(secondaryDimension)
        g = sns.catplot(x="percentage", y=secondaryDimension, hue=primaryDimension, kind='bar', data=primaryDimensionPercent)
    else:
        sns.catplot(x="percentage", y='index', kind='bar', data=primaryDimensionPercent)
        
MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame=df,primaryDimension='Education', secondaryDimension='Gender')

# Question: I want to send in extraAggregatedField='Household Size' when I call the function such that 
# it creates a secondary 'Household Size' axis at the top of the figure
# and aggregates/integrates the 'Household Size' column such that the following points are plotted
# against the secondary axis and positioned over the given bars:
#
# Female/College => 3
# Female/High School => 4
# Male/College => 3
# Male/High School => 4

Picture of what I have been able to achieve so far

Answer 1

您将不得不使用 axes-level 函数 sns.barplot() 和 sns.stripplot() 而不是 catplot()，它会创建一个新图形和 FacetGrid。

像这样：

df = pd.DataFrame({'Student'       : ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Chris',  'Dave',    'Edna',    'Frank'], 
                   'Education'     : ['HS',    'HS',  'HS',     'College', 'College', 'HS'   ],
                   'Household Size': [4,        4,     3,        3,         3,         6     ],
                   'Gender'        : ['F',     'M',   'M',      'M',       'F',       'M'    ]});


def MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame, primaryDimension, secondaryDimension=None, extraAggregatedField=None, ax=None):
    ax = plt.gca() if ax is None else ax
    lod = dataFrame.groupby([secondaryDimension]) if secondaryDimension is not None else dataFrame

    primaryDimensionPercent = lod[primaryDimension].value_counts(normalize=True) \
                         .rename('percentage') \
                         .mul(100) \
                         .reset_index(drop=False);

    if secondaryDimension is not None:
        primaryDimensionPercent = primaryDimensionPercent.sort_values(secondaryDimension)
        ax = sns.barplot(x="percentage", y=secondaryDimension, hue=primaryDimension, data=primaryDimensionPercent, ax=ax)
    else:
        ax = sns.barplot(x="percentage", y='index', data=primaryDimensionPercent, ax=ax)
    
    if extraAggregatedField is not None:
        ax2 = ax.twiny()
        extraDimension = dataFrame.groupby([primaryDimension, secondaryDimension]).mean().reset_index(drop=False)
        ax2 = sns.stripplot(data=extraDimension, x=extraAggregatedField, y=secondaryDimension, hue=primaryDimension, 
                            ax=ax2,dodge=True, edgecolors='k', linewidth=1, size=10)


plt.figure()
MakePercentageFrequencyTable(dataFrame=df,primaryDimension='Education', secondaryDimension='Gender', extraAggregatedField='Household Size')

如何向 matplotlib/seaborn 条形图添加第二个轴并使次要点与正确的条形对齐？

How do I add a second axis to a matplotlib/seaborn bar chart and have the secondary points align with the correct bars?

python

matplotlib

charts

seaborn

axes