KeyNotFoundException : 字典中不存在给定的键
KeyNotFoundException : The given key was not present in the dictionary
每当我尝试访问字典中的键时,我都会收到 KeyNotFoundException
。
我有一个 PricingRules
class 有一个字典:
public class PricingRules
{
Dictionary<ItemCode, Money> pricing_rules;
public PricingRules()
{
pricing_rules = new Dictionary<ItemCode, Money>();
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("A"), new Money(50));
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("B"), new Money(30));
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("C"), new Money(20));
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("D"), new Money(15));
}
public void itemScanned(ItemCode itemCode, Money amount)
{
amount.Add(pricing_rules[itemCode]);
}
public Money AmountForItem(ItemCode itemCode)
{
return pricing_rules[itemCode];
}
}
字典中的键是类型ItemCode
:
public class ItemCode
{
private readonly string itemCode;
public ItemCode(string itemCode)
{
this.itemCode = itemCode;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return itemCode.GetHashCode();
}
}
并且值的类型是 Money
:
public class Money
{
private int amount;
public Money(int amount)
{
this.amount = amount;
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
Money money = (Money)obj;
return this.amount == money.amount;
}
public void Add(object obj)
{
Money money = (Money)obj;
this.amount += money.amount;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return amount.GetHashCode();
}
}
我已经尝试将 GetHashCode()
函数重写为 return class 中原始类型的哈希码,但它仍然给出 KeyNotFoundException
我写的测试是:
public class PricingRulesShould
{
[Fact]
void ReturnValueFiftyWhenKeyIsA()
{
Money expected = new Money(50);
PricingRules pr = new PricingRules();
ItemCode itemcode = new ItemCode("A");
Money actual = pr.AmountForItem(itemcode);
Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
}
}
当Dictionary
访问其元素时,它会查找键的相等性。
由于 ItemCode
不是原始类型,当您比较 new ItemCode("A") == new ItemCode("A")
时,您应该得到 false
结果,因为它们是 不同的 个具有相同的实例内容。
你可以做的是通过 ItemCode
class:
来实现 IEquatable<ItemCode>
public class ItemCode : IEquatable<ItemCode>
{
private readonly string itemCode;
public ItemCode(string itemCode)
{
this.itemCode = itemCode;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return itemCode != null ? itemCode.GetHashCode() : 0;
}
public bool Equals(ItemCode other)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) return false;
if (ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true;
return string.Equals(itemCode, other.itemCode);
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;
return obj is ItemCode ic && Equals(ic);
}
}
每当我尝试访问字典中的键时,我都会收到 KeyNotFoundException
。
我有一个 PricingRules
class 有一个字典:
public class PricingRules
{
Dictionary<ItemCode, Money> pricing_rules;
public PricingRules()
{
pricing_rules = new Dictionary<ItemCode, Money>();
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("A"), new Money(50));
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("B"), new Money(30));
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("C"), new Money(20));
pricing_rules.Add(new ItemCode("D"), new Money(15));
}
public void itemScanned(ItemCode itemCode, Money amount)
{
amount.Add(pricing_rules[itemCode]);
}
public Money AmountForItem(ItemCode itemCode)
{
return pricing_rules[itemCode];
}
}
字典中的键是类型ItemCode
:
public class ItemCode
{
private readonly string itemCode;
public ItemCode(string itemCode)
{
this.itemCode = itemCode;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return itemCode.GetHashCode();
}
}
并且值的类型是 Money
:
public class Money
{
private int amount;
public Money(int amount)
{
this.amount = amount;
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
Money money = (Money)obj;
return this.amount == money.amount;
}
public void Add(object obj)
{
Money money = (Money)obj;
this.amount += money.amount;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return amount.GetHashCode();
}
}
我已经尝试将 GetHashCode()
函数重写为 return class 中原始类型的哈希码,但它仍然给出 KeyNotFoundException
我写的测试是:
public class PricingRulesShould
{
[Fact]
void ReturnValueFiftyWhenKeyIsA()
{
Money expected = new Money(50);
PricingRules pr = new PricingRules();
ItemCode itemcode = new ItemCode("A");
Money actual = pr.AmountForItem(itemcode);
Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
}
}
当Dictionary
访问其元素时,它会查找键的相等性。
由于 ItemCode
不是原始类型,当您比较 new ItemCode("A") == new ItemCode("A")
时,您应该得到 false
结果,因为它们是 不同的 个具有相同的实例内容。
你可以做的是通过 ItemCode
class:
IEquatable<ItemCode>
public class ItemCode : IEquatable<ItemCode>
{
private readonly string itemCode;
public ItemCode(string itemCode)
{
this.itemCode = itemCode;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return itemCode != null ? itemCode.GetHashCode() : 0;
}
public bool Equals(ItemCode other)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) return false;
if (ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true;
return string.Equals(itemCode, other.itemCode);
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;
return obj is ItemCode ic && Equals(ic);
}
}