如何将置信区间添加到 PsychoPy RatingScale？

Question

我正在 PsychoPy（版本 1.84.2）中编写任务，参与者必须对某些光栅之间的对比度差异进行评分（例如 -1 和 1 之间的值）。我使用 visual.RatingScale 设计了一个评分量表。现在我想请参与者在量表上再添加两个标记来指示他们的置信区间。或者更好：参与者可以使用鼠标的滚轮来调整间隔的宽度。

有没有可能做到这一点？？

代码：

from __future__ import absolute_import, division
from psychopy import locale_setup, gui, visual, core, data, event, logging, sound
from psychopy.constants import (NOT_STARTED, STARTED, PLAYING, PAUSED,
                                STOPPED, FINISHED, PRESSED, RELEASED, FOREVER)
import numpy as np  # whole numpy lib is available, prepend 'np.'
from numpy import (sin, cos, tan, log, log10, pi, average,
                   sqrt, std, deg2rad, rad2deg, linspace, asarray)
from numpy.random import random, randint, normal, shuffle
import os  # handy system and path functions
import sys  # to get file system encoding

# Ensure that relative paths start from the same directory as this script
_thisDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)).decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
os.chdir(_thisDir)

# Store info about the experiment session
expName = u'rating'  # from the Builder filename that created this script
expInfo = {'participant':'', 'session':'001'}
dlg = gui.DlgFromDict(dictionary=expInfo, title=expName)
if dlg.OK == False:
    core.quit()  # user pressed cancel
expInfo['date'] = data.getDateStr()  # add a simple timestamp
expInfo['expName'] = expName

# Data file name stem = absolute path + name; later add .psyexp, .csv, .log, etc
filename = _thisDir + os.sep + u'data/%s_%s_%s' % (expInfo['participant'], expName, expInfo['date'])

# An ExperimentHandler isn't essential but helps with data saving
thisExp = data.ExperimentHandler(name=expName, version='',
    extraInfo=expInfo, runtimeInfo=None,
    originPath=None,
    savePickle=True, saveWideText=True,
    dataFileName=filename)
# save a log file for detail verbose info
logFile = logging.LogFile(filename+'.log', level=logging.EXP)
logging.console.setLevel(logging.WARNING)  # this outputs to the screen, not a file

endExpNow = False  # flag for 'escape' or other condition => quit the exp

# Start Code - component code to be run before the window creation

# Setup the Window
win = visual.Window(
    size=(1280, 800), fullscr=True, screen=0,
    allowGUI=True, allowStencil=False,
    monitor='testMonitor', color=[0,0,0], colorSpace='rgb',
    blendMode='avg', useFBO=True)
# store frame rate of monitor if we can measure it
expInfo['frameRate'] = win.getActualFrameRate()
if expInfo['frameRate'] != None:
    frameDur = 1.0 / round(expInfo['frameRate'])
else:
    frameDur = 1.0 / 60.0  # could not measure, so guess

# Initialize components for Routine "trial"
trialClock = core.Clock()
rating = visual.RatingScale(win=win, name='rating', marker=u'triangle', size=1.0, pos=[0.0, 0.0], low=-1, high=1, labels=["-1","1"], precision=100, showValue=True, scale=None)

# Create some handy timers
globalClock = core.Clock()  # to track the time since experiment started
routineTimer = core.CountdownTimer()  # to track time remaining of each (non-slip) routine 

# ------Prepare to start Routine "trial"-------
t = 0
trialClock.reset()  # clock
frameN = -1
continueRoutine = True
# update component parameters for each repeat
rating.reset()
# keep track of which components have finished
trialComponents = [rating]
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
    if hasattr(thisComponent, 'status'):
        thisComponent.status = NOT_STARTED

# -------Start Routine "trial"-------
while continueRoutine:
    # get current time
    t = trialClock.getTime()
    frameN = frameN + 1  # number of completed frames (so 0 is the first frame)
    # update/draw components on each frame
    # *rating* updates
    if t >= 0.0 and rating.status == NOT_STARTED:
        # keep track of start time/frame for later
        rating.tStart = t
        rating.frameNStart = frameN  # exact frame index
        rating.setAutoDraw(True)
    continueRoutine &= rating.noResponse  # a response ends the trial
    
    # check if all components have finished
    if not continueRoutine:  # a component has requested a forced-end of Routine
        break
    continueRoutine = False  # will revert to True if at least one component still running
    for thisComponent in trialComponents:
        if hasattr(thisComponent, "status") and thisComponent.status != FINISHED:
            continueRoutine = True
            break  # at least one component has not yet finished
    
    # check for quit (the Esc key)
    if endExpNow or event.getKeys(keyList=["escape"]):
        core.quit()
    
    # refresh the screen
    if continueRoutine:  # don't flip if this routine is over or we'll get a blank screen
        win.flip()

# -------Ending Routine "trial"-------
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
    if hasattr(thisComponent, "setAutoDraw"):
        thisComponent.setAutoDraw(False)
# the Routine "trial" was not non-slip safe, so reset the non-slip timer
routineTimer.reset()
# these shouldn't be strictly necessary (should auto-save)
thisExp.saveAsWideText(filename+'.csv')
thisExp.saveAsPickle(filename)
logging.flush()
# make sure everything is closed down
thisExp.abort()  # or data files will save again on exit
win.close()
core.quit()

Answer 1

我不确定它是否在 1.84 版本中可用（或者为什么你需要使用如此旧版本的 PsychoPy），但现在的一般建议是避免使用 RatingScale class 而不是使用更简单但更可扩展的 Slider class.

无论如何，我建议您避免通过添加额外的标记等方式修改该对象。而是创建并绘制一个单独的矩形 ShapeStim 对象： https://www.psychopy.org/api/visual/shapestim.html

将该矩形的垂直位置设置为常量，根据需要在滑块上方、下方或后面。在每一帧上，将其中心设置为与滑块或等级量表的标记值相对应。监听鼠标滚轮，用它来控制矩形的长度，表示不确定的宽度。

如何将置信区间添加到 PsychoPy RatingScale？

How to add a confidence interval to a PsychoPy RatingScale?

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