如何在点击 pygame 后平滑移动图像？

Question

我决定在 pygame 中制作我的游戏，这是我目前编写的代码：

from typing import Tuple
import pygame
from PIL import ImageGrab

# finding the height of the screen by taking a screenshot.
img = ImageGrab.grab()
(WIDTH, HEIGHT) = (img.size)

x = WIDTH / 2 - 470
y = HEIGHT / 2 - 400

fistx1 = x - 80
fistx2 = fistx1;

fisty1 = y + 40

fisty2 = y - 50
pygame.init()

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

RESOLUTION = (WIDTH, HEIGHT)

BACKGROUND_COLOR: Tuple[int, int, int] = (79, 205, 109)

MOVESPEED = 5

# window stuff
window = pygame.display.set_mode(RESOLUTION, flags=pygame.RESIZABLE, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_caption("The Connection")
window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)

running = True

# all images for the game here
player_image = pygame.image.load("Connector.png")
player_fist1_image = pygame.image.load("Connector_hand.png")
player_fist2_image = player_fist1_image

while running:
    pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    clicked = pygame.mouse.get_pressed();
    class Player():
        def __init__(self, hp, image, fist1image, fist2image):
            global fisty1, fistx1, fisty2
            self.hp = hp
            self.image = image
            self.fist1image = fist1image
            self.fist2image = fist2image

            window.blit(self.image, (x, y))
            window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1))
            window.blit(self.fist2image, (fistx2, fisty2))

        def move(self, movespeed):
            global x, y, fistx1, fisty1, fisty2
            if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
                x -= movespeed
                fistx1 -= movespeed
            elif pressed[pygame.K_d]:
                x += movespeed
                fistx1 += movespeed
            elif pressed[pygame.K_w]:
                y -= movespeed
                fisty1 -= movespeed
                fisty2 -= movespeed
            elif pressed[pygame.K_s]:
                y += movespeed
                fisty1 += movespeed
                fisty2 += movespeed

        def deal_damage(self, damage):
            global x, y, fistx1, fisty1
            fistx1 -= 25
            window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
            window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1));
            pygame.display.flip();

    # this is the function we use to actually call it. This is more helpful and less confusing for an idiot like me
    def actual_deal():
        main_player.deal_damage(25);


    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
            try:
                pygame.quit()
            except pygame.error:
                pass
        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if event.button == 1:
                actual_deal();

    window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)

    main_player = Player(100, player_image, fist1image=player_fist1_image, fist2image=player_fist2_image)
    main_player.move(movespeed=MOVESPEED)

    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60);

就上下文而言，拳头必须向前，然后向后。但是，拳头的动作并不流畅，这有两个问题：

看起来不太好。我想把它展示给其他人，所以我希望它看起来不错。
当我收回拳头的时候，看起来他们本来就不是向前的。我必须在两者之间添加 time.sleep，但我不愿意这样做。

这是我打孔时得到的输出： _{放置在扰流板中，因此不会造成干扰}

如您所见，它以块状方式移动。如果你想看到我想要的输出，然后用 WASD 键移动角色，看看角色移动的流畅程度。我想要同样的拳头。

如果重要，我正在使用 pycharm 对此进行编码，并且我是运行从命令提示符。我也有 Windows 10.

最后，我尝试通过这样做来改变帧率：

以下是我已经看过的问题：

clock.tick(360);

但是没有用。

我看过这些问题：

smooth movement in pygame

https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/48227/smooth-movement-pygame

Answer 1

我能认出其中的几个。首先，函数和 class 定义应该在主循环之外，因为在循环中一遍又一遍地定义相同的东西没有任何意义。其次，您调用 pygame.display.flip 两次，这是不需要的。 flip 只能调用一次，否则会导致闪烁。第三，您在 __init__ 方法中绘制并每帧创建一个新实例。通常，一个实例只创建一次，并且该实例有一些方法可以对该实例执行某些操作。因此，不是在 __init__ 中绘制，而是创建一个名为 draw.

的新方法

现在回答你的问题，它会成块移动，因为：

您一次移动它 25 帧，因此它一次跳过 25 个像素并在新位置再次绘制。
您正在使用 pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN。此函数每次点击仅 returns 一次为真。所以如果你按住你的鼠标按钮，它不会工作，因为它在第一帧 returns True 和之后 None 。要持续更新鼠标状态，需要使用pygame.mouse.get_pressed().

实现了我上面提到的所有内容的新代码（注意：我将图像更改为表面以使其工作，因此您可能想再次将其更改为图像）：

from typing import Tuple
import pygame
from PIL import ImageGrab

# finding the height of the screen by taking a screenshot.
img = ImageGrab.grab()
(WIDTH, HEIGHT) = (img.size)

x = WIDTH / 2 - 470
y = HEIGHT / 2 - 400

fistx1 = x - 80
fistx2 = fistx1;

fisty1 = y + 40

fisty2 = y - 50
pygame.init()

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

RESOLUTION = (WIDTH, HEIGHT)

BACKGROUND_COLOR: Tuple[int, int, int] = (79, 205, 109)

MOVESPEED = 5

# window stuff
window = pygame.display.set_mode(RESOLUTION, flags=pygame.RESIZABLE, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_caption("The Connection")
window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)

running = True

# all images for the game here
player_image = pygame.Surface((50, 50)).convert()
player_fist1_image = pygame.Surface((10, 10)).convert()
player_fist2_image = player_fist1_image

class Player():
    def __init__(self, hp, image, fist1image, fist2image):
        global fisty1, fistx1, fisty2
        self.hp = hp
        self.image = image
        self.fist1image = fist1image
        self.fist2image = fist2image

    def move(self, movespeed):
        global x, y, fistx1, fisty1, fisty2
        if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
            x -= movespeed
            fistx1 -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_d]:
            x += movespeed
            fistx1 += movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_w]:
            y -= movespeed
            fisty1 -= movespeed
            fisty2 -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_s]:
            y += movespeed
            fisty1 += movespeed
            fisty2 += movespeed

    def draw(self):
        window.blit(self.image, (x, y))
        window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1))
        window.blit(self.fist2image, (fistx2, fisty2))

    def deal_damage(self, damage):
        global x, y, fistx1, fisty1
        mousePressed = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
        if mousePressed[0]:
            fistx1 -= 1
        window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
        window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1));
        #pygame.display.flip();

main_player = Player(100, player_image, fist1image=player_fist1_image, fist2image=player_fist2_image)

# this is the function we use to actually call it. This is more helpful and less confusing for an idiot like me
def actual_deal():
    main_player.deal_damage(25);

while running:
    pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    clicked = pygame.mouse.get_pressed();

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
            try:
                pygame.quit()
            except pygame.error:
                pass

    window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)
    main_player.move(movespeed=MOVESPEED)
    main_player.deal_damage(50)
    main_player.draw()

    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60);

编辑：忘记提及这一点，但您在 deal_damage 方法中采用了 damage 参数但未使用它。

Answer 2

添加到@hippozhipos 的回答中。使用 class 的一大好处是您不需要使用 global 变量。您只需将它们设置为属性即可。

您还试图在游戏循环中退出。如果 running 是 False 它将退出你的游戏循环并自行退出。

也没有必要在你的循环之外填充，因为它每帧都会被填充。

我提供了一个最小的工作示例来说明如何实现。

import pygame
from PIL import ImageGrab

class Player():
    def __init__(self, img, x, y, window):
        self.fist = img
        self.pos = (x - 80, y + 40)
        self.win = window

    def move(self, movespeed, pressed):
        # here we maintain the players position with self.pos
        # this allows you to have multiple instances
        # with different positions
        x, y = self.pos
        if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
            x -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_d]:
            x += movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_w]:
            y -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_s]:
            y += movespeed

        self.pos = (x, y)
    
    def display(self):
        self.win.blit(self.fist, self.pos)

pygame.init()
screenshot = ImageGrab.grab()
WIDTH, HEIGHT = screenshot.size
RESOLUTION = (WIDTH, HEIGHT)
BACKGROUND_COLOR = (79, 205, 109)
MOVESPEED = 5

window = pygame.display.set_mode(RESOLUTION, flags=pygame.RESIZABLE, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_caption("The Connection")

clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# this is whatever your image is
img = pygame.image.load('fist.png')
x = int(WIDTH / 2 - 470)
y = int(HEIGHT / 2 - 400)
main_player = Player(img=img, x=x, y=y, window=window)

running = True
while running:
    pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    main_player.move(movespeed=MOVESPEED, pressed=pressed)

    window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)
    main_player.display()

    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60)

如何在点击 pygame 后平滑移动图像？

How do I move an image smoothly after clicking in pygame?

python

pygame

frame-rate

python-3.x