如何使用 R 中 gplot() 包中的 plotmean() 函数使用 paste0() 操作 n.label 值以获得观察次数
How to manipulate the n.label values with paste0() for the number of observations using the plotmean() function in the gplot() package in R
问题：
我有一个名为 FID 的数据框，我想标记每个均值的观察次数以及上下置信区间。因为数据框显示了三年（下图）中每月的观察次数，所以 n.labels 被标记为 n=3（见下图 1）。
我创建了两个名为 observations 和 month_level 的向量，我希望使用函数 paste0() 将真实的 n.label 值插入到情节（见R代码）。当我尝试将这些 n.label 值粘贴到绘图上时，连接平均值的绘图线往往会消失，n.labels 本身（参见下面的图 2）以及两个 x-月份（1 月至 12 月）的轴标签消失（见图 3）。
如果有人能够帮助在此图上放置正确的 n.label 值（请参阅下面的真实值），我将不胜感激。
非常感谢。
键：
n.label = 一个逻辑值，指示是否应将给出每个组中观察值的文本添加到图中。
##Three instances of each month over 3 years
Year Month FID Month FID
2018 January 86 January 208
2019 January 66 February 176
2020 January 56
2018 February 76
2019 February 55
2020 February 45
January (n=3)
February (n=3) etc...............
三年内每个月的正确观察次数（见下文）：
##the correct n.labels are these observations
Month Observations
1 January 113
2 February 94
3 March 111
4 April 111
5 May 33
6 June 9
7 July 14
8 August 89
9 September 86
10 October 83
11 November 81
12 December 101
R-代码：
library(gplots)
library(tidyverse)
##Produce a vector showing the true n.label value of observations
Observations<-c(113, 94, 111, 111, 33, 9, 14, 89, 86, 83, 81, 101)
##Create a vector to ensure the dates are in the right order
month_levels = c('January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June',
'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December')
##Plot means, ci_labels, and n.lables for the column 'FID'
##Open plotting window
dev.new()
##Plot the mean per month for FID but with incorrect n.label values
##Code for figure 1
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = TRUE,
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="Mean Blue Whale Sightings",
xlab="Months")
##Open plotting window
dev.new()
##Code for figure 2
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = paste0("month_levels", levels=Observations),
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="FID",
xlab="Months")
##Plot means for the 'Final_New_Blue'
##Open plotting window
dev.new(width=10, height=10, unit="in")
## Margins area
par(oma=c(3,3,3,3)) # all sides have 3 lines of space
Obs <-c(111, 33, 9, 14, 89, 86, 83, 81, 101, 113, 94, 111)
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = FALSE,
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="FID",
xlab="Months")
axis(1, at=1:12, labels = paste("n =", Obs), pos = -35, col = NA)
图一
图2
图3
数据框：FID
structure(list(Year = c(2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L,
2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L,
2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L,
2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L,
2017L, 2017L, 2017L), Month = structure(c(5L, 4L, 8L, 1L, 9L,
7L, 6L, 2L, 12L, 11L, 10L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 8L, 1L, 9L, 7L, 6L, 2L,
12L, 11L, 10L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 8L, 1L, 9L, 7L, 6L, 2L, 12L, 11L,
10L, 3L), .Label = c("April", "August", "December", "February",
"January", "July", "June", "March", "May", "November", "October",
"September"), class = "factor"), FID = c(65L, 88L, 43L, 54L,
98L, 0L, 0L, 23L, 10L, 15L, 6L, 33L, 56L, 29L, 98L, 23L, 6L,
10L, 7L, 65L, 53L, 41L, 25L, 30L, 44L, 65L, 38L, 27L, 20L, 0L,
8L, 45L, 34L, 26L, 44L, 39L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-36L))
首先，一些坏消息：plotmeans() 可能不是您正在做的事情的最佳功能。问题是 n.label 只是一个 true/false 值，它决定了绘图是否将观测值的数量相加并将它们添加到轴上。 plotmeans() 不允许您更改该值，除非您编辑函数的代码，这需要时间。
现在有个好消息：可以绕过这个限制并手动修复你的情节。首先，将 n.label 设置为 FALSE:
# Rank factor levels by month name
FID$Month <- factor(FID$Month, levels = month.name)
##Code for figure 2
dev.new()
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = FALSE,
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="FID",
xlab="Months")
现在您可以使用 Base R 函数 axis():
手动添加高于 x-axis 的观察次数
Obs <-c(111, 33, 9, 14, 89, 86, 83, 81, 101, 113, 94, 111)
axis(1, at=1:12, labels = paste("n =", Obs), pos = -70, col = NA)
要调整标签的位置，请更改 pos = 的值。
结果：
问题：
我有一个名为 FID 的数据框，我想标记每个均值的观察次数以及上下置信区间。因为数据框显示了三年（下图）中每月的观察次数，所以 n.labels 被标记为 n=3（见下图 1）。
我创建了两个名为 observations 和 month_level 的向量，我希望使用函数 paste0() 将真实的 n.label 值插入到情节（见R代码）。当我尝试将这些 n.label 值粘贴到绘图上时，连接平均值的绘图线往往会消失，n.labels 本身（参见下面的图 2）以及两个 x-月份（1 月至 12 月）的轴标签消失（见图 3）。
如果有人能够帮助在此图上放置正确的 n.label 值（请参阅下面的真实值），我将不胜感激。
非常感谢。
键：
n.label = 一个逻辑值，指示是否应将给出每个组中观察值的文本添加到图中。
##Three instances of each month over 3 years
Year Month FID Month FID
2018 January 86 January 208
2019 January 66 February 176
2020 January 56
2018 February 76
2019 February 55
2020 February 45
January (n=3)
February (n=3) etc...............
三年内每个月的正确观察次数（见下文）：
##the correct n.labels are these observations
Month Observations
1 January 113
2 February 94
3 March 111
4 April 111
5 May 33
6 June 9
7 July 14
8 August 89
9 September 86
10 October 83
11 November 81
12 December 101
R-代码：
library(gplots)
library(tidyverse)
##Produce a vector showing the true n.label value of observations
Observations<-c(113, 94, 111, 111, 33, 9, 14, 89, 86, 83, 81, 101)
##Create a vector to ensure the dates are in the right order
month_levels = c('January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June',
'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December')
##Plot means, ci_labels, and n.lables for the column 'FID'
##Open plotting window
dev.new()
##Plot the mean per month for FID but with incorrect n.label values
##Code for figure 1
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = TRUE,
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="Mean Blue Whale Sightings",
xlab="Months")
##Open plotting window
dev.new()
##Code for figure 2
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = paste0("month_levels", levels=Observations),
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="FID",
xlab="Months")
##Plot means for the 'Final_New_Blue'
##Open plotting window
dev.new(width=10, height=10, unit="in")
## Margins area
par(oma=c(3,3,3,3)) # all sides have 3 lines of space
Obs <-c(111, 33, 9, 14, 89, 86, 83, 81, 101, 113, 94, 111)
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = FALSE,
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="FID",
xlab="Months")
axis(1, at=1:12, labels = paste("n =", Obs), pos = -35, col = NA)
图一
图2
图3
数据框：FID
structure(list(Year = c(2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L,
2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2015L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L,
2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L, 2016L,
2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L, 2017L,
2017L, 2017L, 2017L), Month = structure(c(5L, 4L, 8L, 1L, 9L,
7L, 6L, 2L, 12L, 11L, 10L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 8L, 1L, 9L, 7L, 6L, 2L,
12L, 11L, 10L, 3L, 5L, 4L, 8L, 1L, 9L, 7L, 6L, 2L, 12L, 11L,
10L, 3L), .Label = c("April", "August", "December", "February",
"January", "July", "June", "March", "May", "November", "October",
"September"), class = "factor"), FID = c(65L, 88L, 43L, 54L,
98L, 0L, 0L, 23L, 10L, 15L, 6L, 33L, 56L, 29L, 98L, 23L, 6L,
10L, 7L, 65L, 53L, 41L, 25L, 30L, 44L, 65L, 38L, 27L, 20L, 0L,
8L, 45L, 34L, 26L, 44L, 39L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-36L))
首先，一些坏消息：plotmeans() 可能不是您正在做的事情的最佳功能。问题是 n.label 只是一个 true/false 值，它决定了绘图是否将观测值的数量相加并将它们添加到轴上。 plotmeans() 不允许您更改该值，除非您编辑函数的代码，这需要时间。
现在有个好消息：可以绕过这个限制并手动修复你的情节。首先，将 n.label 设置为 FALSE:
# Rank factor levels by month name
FID$Month <- factor(FID$Month, levels = month.name)
##Code for figure 2
dev.new()
plotmeans(FID~Month,
data=FID,
ci.label = TRUE,
mean.labels = TRUE,
n.label = FALSE,
digits = 2,
pch=0.3,
col="red",
ccol="black",
barcol="blue",
ylab="FID",
xlab="Months")
现在您可以使用 Base R 函数 axis():
Obs <-c(111, 33, 9, 14, 89, 86, 83, 81, 101, 113, 94, 111)
axis(1, at=1:12, labels = paste("n =", Obs), pos = -70, col = NA)
要调整标签的位置，请更改 pos = 的值。
结果：