构建 dssp 时找不到 Data/Dumper.pm - perl 已安装但找不到？
Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm when building dssp - perl is installed but cannot be found?
我正在尝试在服务器节点（而不是服务器登录）上构建 dssp (https://github.com/cmbi/dssp)，但我遇到了系统如何查找依赖项的问题。我正在使用 centos 7.
构建dssp的过程是：run ./autogen得到一个configure.sh文件，然后执行那个文件。然后 运行 make.
运行 whereis perl 和 whereis perl5 我得到：
[mavridks@haswell-182 dssp-2.3.0]$ whereis perl
perl: /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
[mavridks@haswell-182 dssp-2.3.0]$ whereis perl5
perl5: /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5
然后，运行宁./autogen我得到错误：
Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC
(@INC contains:
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf
/usr/local/lib64/perl5
/usr/local/share/perl5
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/lib64/perl5
/usr/share/perl5
.)
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm line 33.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm line 33.
Compilation failed in require
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te line 37.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te line 37.
aclocal: error: echo failed with exit status: 2
（为了便于阅读而添加了换行符。）
在我看来，调用 autoconf 时出现的这个错误与没有正确定位 Perl 文件或路径多于应有的路径有关？另一个想法是我在服务器上没有 root 权限，这可能会造成问题？
欢迎提出任何想法或建议。
注意：
服务器使用模块系统来加载各种依赖项。我需要 Autotools 和 Boost。我正在使用的模块，如果这很重要，是
[mavridks@haswell-182 dssp-2.3.0]$ module list
Currently Loaded Modules:
1) numactl/.2.0.10-GCC-4.8.4 (H)
2) hwloc/.1.10.1-GCC-4.8.4 (H)
3) OpenMPI/1.8.4-GCC-4.8.4
4) OpenBLAS/0.2.13-GCC-4.8.4-LAPACK-3.5.0
5) gompi/1.7.20
6) FFTW/3.3.4-gompi-1.7.20
7) ScaLAPACK/2.0.2-gompi-1.7.20-OpenBLAS-0.2.13-LAPACK-3.5.0
8) goolf/1.7.20
9) bzip2/.1.0.6-goolf-1.7.20 (H)
10) zlib/.1.2.8-goolf-1.7.20 (H)
11) Boost/1.58.0-goolf-1.7.20
12) slurm/18-08-4-1-hits
13) GCC/4.8.4
14) gcc/dummy
15) sge/dummy
16) M4/1.4.17-GCC-4.8.4
17) Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4
18) Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4
19) libtool/2.4.6-GCC-4.8.4
20) Autotools/20150215-GCC-4.8.4
Where:
H: Hidden Module
编辑：
在 Håkon Hægland 的评论之后我得到：
[mavridks@haswell-005 ~]$ perl --version | grep 'This is'
This is perl 5, version 30, subversion 0 (v5.30.0) built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi
[mavridks@haswell-005 ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Data/Dumper.pm
编辑 2：
这是重新 运行 后的结果 ./autogen
[mavridks@haswell-112 dssp-2.3.0]
$ PERL5LIB=/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0 ./autogen.sh
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/bin/aclocal:
Perl lib version (5.30.0) doesn't match executable '/usr/bin/perl' version (5.16.3)
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Config.pm line 62.
Compilation failed in require
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/share/automake-1.15/Automake/Config.pm line 41.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/share/automake-1.15/Automake/Config.pm line 41.
Compilation failed in require
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/bin/aclocal line 37.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/bin/aclocal line 37.
（为了便于阅读而添加了换行符。）
编辑 3：
经过大量有用的评论和回答后，我添加了更多信息：
第一个连接到服务器登录节点。 运行 whereis perl 给出：
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ whereis perl
perl: /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
还有，运行宁
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ perl --version
This is perl 5, version 16, subversion 3 (v5.16.3) built for x86_64-
linux-thread-multi
(with 39 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)
.最后一个得到：
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say
$INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/Data/Dumper.pm
旁注：我们得到什么 运行ning perl -V?
a) 在登录节点上：
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ perl -V
Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 16 subversion 3) configuration:
Platform:
osname=linux, osvers=3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64, archname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi
uname='linux x86-01.bsys.centos.org 3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64 #1 smp thu jan 25 20:13:58 utc 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 gnulinux '
config_args='-des -Doptimize=-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Dccdlflags=-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Dlddlflags=-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro -DDEBUGGING=-g -Dversion=5.16.3 -Dmyhostname=localhost -Dperladmin=root@localhost -Dcc=gcc -Dcf_by=Red Hat, Inc. -Dprefix=/usr -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl5 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib64/perl5 -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchlib=/usr/lib64/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi -Dlibpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64 -Duseshrplib -Dusethreads -Duseithreads -Dusedtrace=/usr/bin/dtrace -Duselargefiles -Dd_semctl_semun -Di_db -Ui_ndbm -Di_gdbm -Di_shadow -Di_syslog -Dman3ext=3pm -Duseperlio -Dinstallusrbinperl=n -Ubincompat5005 -Uversiononly -Dpager=/usr/bin/less -isr -Dd_gethostent_r_proto -Ud_endhostent_r_proto -Ud_sethostent_r_proto -Ud_endprotoent_r_proto -Ud_setprotoent_r_proto -Ud_endservent_r_proto -Ud_setservent_r_proto -Dscriptdir=/usr/bin -Dusesitecustomize'
hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define
useithreads=define, usemultiplicity=define
useperlio=define, d_sfio=undef, uselargefiles=define, usesocks=undef
use64bitint=define, use64bitall=define, uselongdouble=undef
usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef
Compiler:
cc='gcc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64',
optimize='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic',
cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include'
ccversion='', gccversion='4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)', gccosandvers=''
intsize=4, longsize=8, ptrsize=8, doublesize=8, byteorder=12345678
d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=16
ivtype='long', ivsize=8, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8
alignbytes=8, prototype=define
Linker and Libraries:
ld='gcc', ldflags =' -fstack-protector'
libpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64
libs=-lresolv -lnsl -lgdbm -ldb -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc -lgdbm_compat
perllibs=-lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc
libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so
gnulibc_version='2.17'
Dynamic Linking:
dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE'
cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro '
Characteristics of this binary (from libperl):
Compile-time options: HAS_TIMES MULTIPLICITY PERLIO_LAYERS
PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
PERL_MALLOC_WRAP PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV USE_64_BIT_ALL
USE_64_BIT_INT USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES
USE_LOCALE USE_LOCALE_COLLATE USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC USE_PERLIO USE_PERL_ATOF
USE_REENTRANT_API USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
Locally applied patches:
Fedora Patch1: Removes date check, Fedora/RHEL specific
Fedora Patch3: support for libdir64
Fedora Patch4: use libresolv instead of libbind
Fedora Patch5: USE_MM_LD_RUN_PATH
Fedora Patch6: Skip hostname tests, due to builders not being network capable
Fedora Patch7: Dont run one io test due to random builder failures
Fedora Patch9: Fix find2perl to translate ? glob properly (RT#113054)
Fedora Patch10: Fix broken atof (RT#109318)
Fedora Patch13: Clear $@ before "do" I/O error (RT#113730)
Fedora Patch14: Do not truncate syscall() return value to 32 bits (RT#113980)
Fedora Patch15: Override the Pod::Simple::parse_file (CPANRT#77530)
Fedora Patch16: Do not leak with attribute on my variable (RT#114764)
Fedora Patch17: Allow operator after numeric keyword argument (RT#105924)
Fedora Patch18: Extend stack in File::Glob::glob, (RT#114984)
Fedora Patch19: Do not crash when vivifying $|
Fedora Patch20: Fix misparsing of maketext strings (CVE-2012-6329)
Fedora Patch21: Add NAME headings to CPAN modules (CPANRT#73396)
Fedora Patch22: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [1]
Fedora Patch23: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [2]
Fedora Patch24: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [3]
Fedora Patch25: Fix dead lock in PerlIO after fork from thread (RT#106212)
Fedora Patch26: Make regexp safe in a signal handler (RT#114878)
Fedora Patch27: Update h2ph(1) documentation (RT#117647)
Fedora Patch28: Update pod2html(1) documentation (RT#117623)
Fedora Patch29: Document Math::BigInt::CalcEmu requires Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#85015)
RHEL Patch30: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/crypt.t (RT#121591)
RHEL Patch31: Make *DBM_File desctructors thread-safe (RT#61912)
RHEL Patch32: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/taint.t (RT#123338)
RHEL Patch33: Remove CPU-speed-sensitive test in Benchmark test
RHEL Patch34: Make File::Glob work with threads again
RHEL Patch35: Fix CRLF conversion in ASCII FTP upload (CPAN RT#41642)
RHEL Patch36: Do not leak the temp utf8 copy of namepv (CPAN RT#123786)
RHEL Patch37: Fix duplicating PerlIO::encoding when spawning threads (RT#31923)
RHEL Patch38: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [1]
RHEL Patch39: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [2]
RHEL Patch40: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [3]
RHEL Patch41: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [4]
RHEL Patch42: Do not overload ".." in Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#80182)
RHEL Patch43: Fix CVE-2018-18311 Integer overflow leading to buffer overflow
Built under linux
Compiled at Jan 21 2019 22:09:19
@INC:
/usr/local/lib64/perl5
/usr/local/share/perl5
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/lib64/perl5
/usr/share/perl5
.
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$
b) 在 gpu 节点上：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ perl -V
Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 16 subversion 3) configuration:
Platform:
osname=linux, osvers=3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64, archname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi
uname='linux x86-01.bsys.centos.org 3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64 #1 smp thu jan 25 20:13:58 utc 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 gnulinux '
config_args='-des -Doptimize=-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Dccdlflags=-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Dlddlflags=-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro -DDEBUGGING=-g -Dversion=5.16.3 -Dmyhostname=localhost -Dperladmin=root@localhost -Dcc=gcc -Dcf_by=Red Hat, Inc. -Dprefix=/usr -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl5 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib64/perl5 -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchlib=/usr/lib64/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi -Dlibpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64 -Duseshrplib -Dusethreads -Duseithreads -Dusedtrace=/usr/bin/dtrace -Duselargefiles -Dd_semctl_semun -Di_db -Ui_ndbm -Di_gdbm -Di_shadow -Di_syslog -Dman3ext=3pm -Duseperlio -Dinstallusrbinperl=n -Ubincompat5005 -Uversiononly -Dpager=/usr/bin/less -isr -Dd_gethostent_r_proto -Ud_endhostent_r_proto -Ud_sethostent_r_proto -Ud_endprotoent_r_proto -Ud_setprotoent_r_proto -Ud_endservent_r_proto -Ud_setservent_r_proto -Dscriptdir=/usr/bin -Dusesitecustomize'
hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define
useithreads=define, usemultiplicity=define
useperlio=define, d_sfio=undef, uselargefiles=define, usesocks=undef
use64bitint=define, use64bitall=define, uselongdouble=undef
usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef
Compiler:
cc='gcc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64',
optimize='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic',
cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include'
ccversion='', gccversion='4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)', gccosandvers=''
intsize=4, longsize=8, ptrsize=8, doublesize=8, byteorder=12345678
d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=16
ivtype='long', ivsize=8, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8
alignbytes=8, prototype=define
Linker and Libraries:
ld='gcc', ldflags =' -fstack-protector'
libpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64
libs=-lresolv -lnsl -lgdbm -ldb -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc -lgdbm_compat
perllibs=-lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc
libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so
gnulibc_version='2.17'
Dynamic Linking:
dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE'
cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro '
Characteristics of this binary (from libperl):
Compile-time options: HAS_TIMES MULTIPLICITY PERLIO_LAYERS
PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
PERL_MALLOC_WRAP PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV USE_64_BIT_ALL
USE_64_BIT_INT USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES
USE_LOCALE USE_LOCALE_COLLATE USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC USE_PERLIO USE_PERL_ATOF
USE_REENTRANT_API USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
Locally applied patches:
Fedora Patch1: Removes date check, Fedora/RHEL specific
Fedora Patch3: support for libdir64
Fedora Patch4: use libresolv instead of libbind
Fedora Patch5: USE_MM_LD_RUN_PATH
Fedora Patch6: Skip hostname tests, due to builders not being network capable
Fedora Patch7: Dont run one io test due to random builder failures
Fedora Patch9: Fix find2perl to translate ? glob properly (RT#113054)
Fedora Patch10: Fix broken atof (RT#109318)
Fedora Patch13: Clear $@ before "do" I/O error (RT#113730)
Fedora Patch14: Do not truncate syscall() return value to 32 bits (RT#113980)
Fedora Patch15: Override the Pod::Simple::parse_file (CPANRT#77530)
Fedora Patch16: Do not leak with attribute on my variable (RT#114764)
Fedora Patch17: Allow operator after numeric keyword argument (RT#105924)
Fedora Patch18: Extend stack in File::Glob::glob, (RT#114984)
Fedora Patch19: Do not crash when vivifying $|
Fedora Patch20: Fix misparsing of maketext strings (CVE-2012-6329)
Fedora Patch21: Add NAME headings to CPAN modules (CPANRT#73396)
Fedora Patch22: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [1]
Fedora Patch23: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [2]
Fedora Patch24: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [3]
Fedora Patch25: Fix dead lock in PerlIO after fork from thread (RT#106212)
Fedora Patch26: Make regexp safe in a signal handler (RT#114878)
Fedora Patch27: Update h2ph(1) documentation (RT#117647)
Fedora Patch28: Update pod2html(1) documentation (RT#117623)
Fedora Patch29: Document Math::BigInt::CalcEmu requires Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#85015)
RHEL Patch30: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/crypt.t (RT#121591)
RHEL Patch31: Make *DBM_File desctructors thread-safe (RT#61912)
RHEL Patch32: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/taint.t (RT#123338)
RHEL Patch33: Remove CPU-speed-sensitive test in Benchmark test
RHEL Patch34: Make File::Glob work with threads again
RHEL Patch35: Fix CRLF conversion in ASCII FTP upload (CPAN RT#41642)
RHEL Patch36: Do not leak the temp utf8 copy of namepv (CPAN RT#123786)
RHEL Patch37: Fix duplicating PerlIO::encoding when spawning threads (RT#31923)
RHEL Patch38: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [1]
RHEL Patch39: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [2]
RHEL Patch40: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [3]
RHEL Patch41: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [4]
RHEL Patch42: Do not overload ".." in Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#80182)
Built under linux
Compiled at Oct 30 2018 18:59:43
@INC:
/usr/local/lib64/perl5
/usr/local/share/perl5
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/lib64/perl5
/usr/share/perl5
.
然后连接到一个GPU节点。看来我们仍然有相同的 perl:
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ whereis perl
perl: /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
但现在 Data/Dumber 已不复存在（运行ning perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'）：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .).
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.
然后IT部门建议加载perl模块；服务器建立在模块系统上，所有组都可以将软件作为模块加载（在路径中附加正确的文件 - 这是使用的系统 https://lmod.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#overview）。所以，如果我们 运行 模块加载 Perl，我们有：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ whereis perl
perl: /usr/bin/perl /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
这意味着我们已经改变了一些东西（我可以说使用的分布吗？）。但现在我们有：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Data/Dumper.pm
这意味着我们在系统上有 Data/Dumper。
最后，还需要将所有 autotools 作为一个模块加载。然后，似乎 autogen.sh 脚本的执行正在从系统中寻找 perl 模块（来自登录而不是 gpu 的模块）但当然找不到它们。
[mavridks@haswell-179 dssp-2.3.0]$ ./autogen.sh
在@INC 中找不到 Data/Dumper.pm（@INC 包含：/hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) 在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm 第 33 行.
BEGIN 失败——编译在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm 第 33 行中止。
在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te 第 37 行的 require 中编译失败。
BEGIN 失败——编译在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te 第 37 行中止。
aclocal：错误：回显失败，退出状态：2
您安装了两个 perl 版本。
/usr/bin/perl, v5.16.3[1]/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl, v5.30.0[2]
我将它们分别命名为“系统 perl”和“模块化 perl”。
- 系统
perl没有安装Data::Dumper。[3]
- 模块化
perl 确实安装了 Data::Dumper。[4]
whereis 在您的 PATH 中仅显示系统 perl，但后面的命令显示 perl 调用模块 perl。所以要么 perl 是模块化 perl,[5] 的别名，要么你 运行 你在不同环境中的测试（即你的 PATH 改变了） .
设置PERL5LIB合适吗?
在某一时刻，您将环境变量 PERL5LIB 设置为 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0。这是不合适的。
这对于系统 perl 是不正确的。[6]
这对于模块化 perl 是不必要的。这是多余的。[7]
为什么系统perl没有安装Data::Dumper？
Perl 有一些自带的模块。实际上，只要 Perl 中存在对模块的支持，它就包括 Data::Dumper。 Data::Dumper 应该始终可用。
但是，某些 linux 发行版将 Perl 拆分为多个包。在 CentOS 7 中 perl(Data::Dumper) package 中似乎找到了 Data::Dumper。
因此解决方案是安装该软件包。
因为Data::Dumper是dual-lived，也可以从CPAN安装。这不需要任何特殊权限。也就是说，我通常建议在本地安装 perl 而不是搞乱系统 perl。看来你已经有了这样的 Perl。这将我们带到下一个 sub-answer.
如果我想使用模块化perl怎么办？
我不确定。
一个快速的实验让我相信这可以通过简单地将模块 perl 放在路径 /usr/bin.
之前来解决。
export PATH="/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin:$PATH"
或者，快速实验表明以下两种方法也有效：
./configure PERL=/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl
PERL=/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl ./configure
如果这些都不起作用，可以作为一个单独的问题提出。
如果我不同意这个答案中的某些内容怎么办？
我的一些陈述是猜测。例如，您的问题中没有任何地方提到 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl 。如果您认为我犯了错误，请提供以下命令的输出（parens 和所有）：
(
echo 'System perl:'
/usr/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'
PERL5LIB= /usr/bin/perl -e'CORE::say for @INC'
echo
echo "Data::Dumper in system perl?"
PERL5LIB= /usr/bin/perl -e'
use Data::Dumper;
CORE::say $Data::Dumper::VERSION;
CORE::say INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"};
'
echo
echo 'Modular perl:'
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'
PERL5LIB= /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'CORE::say for @INC'
echo
echo "Data::Dumper in modular perl?"
PERL5LIB= /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'
use Data::Dumper;
CORE::say $Data::Dumper::VERSION;
CORE::say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"};
'
echo
echo 'Perl env vars:'
perl -e'CORE::say "$_: $ENV{$_}" for grep /^PERL/, keys(%ENV)'
echo
echo 'type perl:'
type perl
)
脚注。
这可以使用
来验证
/usr/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'
这可以使用
来验证
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'
这可以使用
来验证
/usr/bin/perl -e'use Data::Dumper;'
这可以使用
来验证
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'use Data::Dumper;'
在某些 shell 中（包括 dash、bash 和 ksh），可以使用
来验证
type perl
这就是导致 Perl lib version (5.30.0) doesn't match executable '/usr/bin/perl' version (5.16.3) 的原因。
这可以使用
来验证
PERL5LIB= /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'CORE::say for @INC;'
我正在尝试在服务器节点（而不是服务器登录）上构建 dssp (https://github.com/cmbi/dssp)，但我遇到了系统如何查找依赖项的问题。我正在使用 centos 7.
构建dssp的过程是：run ./autogen得到一个configure.sh文件，然后执行那个文件。然后 运行 make.
运行 whereis perl 和 whereis perl5 我得到：
[mavridks@haswell-182 dssp-2.3.0]$ whereis perl
perl: /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
[mavridks@haswell-182 dssp-2.3.0]$ whereis perl5
perl5: /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5
然后，运行宁./autogen我得到错误：
Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC
(@INC contains:
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf
/usr/local/lib64/perl5
/usr/local/share/perl5
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/lib64/perl5
/usr/share/perl5
.)
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm line 33.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm line 33.
Compilation failed in require
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te line 37.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te line 37.
aclocal: error: echo failed with exit status: 2
（为了便于阅读而添加了换行符。）
在我看来，调用 autoconf 时出现的这个错误与没有正确定位 Perl 文件或路径多于应有的路径有关？另一个想法是我在服务器上没有 root 权限，这可能会造成问题？
欢迎提出任何想法或建议。
注意： 服务器使用模块系统来加载各种依赖项。我需要 Autotools 和 Boost。我正在使用的模块，如果这很重要，是
[mavridks@haswell-182 dssp-2.3.0]$ module list
Currently Loaded Modules:
1) numactl/.2.0.10-GCC-4.8.4 (H)
2) hwloc/.1.10.1-GCC-4.8.4 (H)
3) OpenMPI/1.8.4-GCC-4.8.4
4) OpenBLAS/0.2.13-GCC-4.8.4-LAPACK-3.5.0
5) gompi/1.7.20
6) FFTW/3.3.4-gompi-1.7.20
7) ScaLAPACK/2.0.2-gompi-1.7.20-OpenBLAS-0.2.13-LAPACK-3.5.0
8) goolf/1.7.20
9) bzip2/.1.0.6-goolf-1.7.20 (H)
10) zlib/.1.2.8-goolf-1.7.20 (H)
11) Boost/1.58.0-goolf-1.7.20
12) slurm/18-08-4-1-hits
13) GCC/4.8.4
14) gcc/dummy
15) sge/dummy
16) M4/1.4.17-GCC-4.8.4
17) Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4
18) Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4
19) libtool/2.4.6-GCC-4.8.4
20) Autotools/20150215-GCC-4.8.4
Where:
H: Hidden Module
编辑：
在 Håkon Hægland 的评论之后我得到：
[mavridks@haswell-005 ~]$ perl --version | grep 'This is'
This is perl 5, version 30, subversion 0 (v5.30.0) built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi
[mavridks@haswell-005 ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Data/Dumper.pm
编辑 2：
这是重新 运行 后的结果 ./autogen
[mavridks@haswell-112 dssp-2.3.0]
$ PERL5LIB=/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0 ./autogen.sh
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/bin/aclocal:
Perl lib version (5.30.0) doesn't match executable '/usr/bin/perl' version (5.16.3)
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Config.pm line 62.
Compilation failed in require
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/share/automake-1.15/Automake/Config.pm line 41.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/share/automake-1.15/Automake/Config.pm line 41.
Compilation failed in require
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/bin/aclocal line 37.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted
at /hits/sw/shared/apps/Automake/1.15-GCC-4.8.4/bin/aclocal line 37.
（为了便于阅读而添加了换行符。）
编辑 3：
经过大量有用的评论和回答后，我添加了更多信息：
第一个连接到服务器登录节点。 运行 whereis perl 给出：
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ whereis perl
perl: /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
还有，运行宁
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ perl --version
This is perl 5, version 16, subversion 3 (v5.16.3) built for x86_64-
linux-thread-multi
(with 39 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)
.最后一个得到：
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say
$INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/Data/Dumper.pm
旁注：我们得到什么 运行ning perl -V?
a) 在登录节点上：
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$ perl -V
Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 16 subversion 3) configuration:
Platform:
osname=linux, osvers=3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64, archname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi
uname='linux x86-01.bsys.centos.org 3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64 #1 smp thu jan 25 20:13:58 utc 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 gnulinux '
config_args='-des -Doptimize=-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Dccdlflags=-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Dlddlflags=-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro -DDEBUGGING=-g -Dversion=5.16.3 -Dmyhostname=localhost -Dperladmin=root@localhost -Dcc=gcc -Dcf_by=Red Hat, Inc. -Dprefix=/usr -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl5 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib64/perl5 -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchlib=/usr/lib64/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi -Dlibpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64 -Duseshrplib -Dusethreads -Duseithreads -Dusedtrace=/usr/bin/dtrace -Duselargefiles -Dd_semctl_semun -Di_db -Ui_ndbm -Di_gdbm -Di_shadow -Di_syslog -Dman3ext=3pm -Duseperlio -Dinstallusrbinperl=n -Ubincompat5005 -Uversiononly -Dpager=/usr/bin/less -isr -Dd_gethostent_r_proto -Ud_endhostent_r_proto -Ud_sethostent_r_proto -Ud_endprotoent_r_proto -Ud_setprotoent_r_proto -Ud_endservent_r_proto -Ud_setservent_r_proto -Dscriptdir=/usr/bin -Dusesitecustomize'
hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define
useithreads=define, usemultiplicity=define
useperlio=define, d_sfio=undef, uselargefiles=define, usesocks=undef
use64bitint=define, use64bitall=define, uselongdouble=undef
usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef
Compiler:
cc='gcc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64',
optimize='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic',
cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include'
ccversion='', gccversion='4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)', gccosandvers=''
intsize=4, longsize=8, ptrsize=8, doublesize=8, byteorder=12345678
d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=16
ivtype='long', ivsize=8, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8
alignbytes=8, prototype=define
Linker and Libraries:
ld='gcc', ldflags =' -fstack-protector'
libpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64
libs=-lresolv -lnsl -lgdbm -ldb -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc -lgdbm_compat
perllibs=-lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc
libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so
gnulibc_version='2.17'
Dynamic Linking:
dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE'
cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro '
Characteristics of this binary (from libperl):
Compile-time options: HAS_TIMES MULTIPLICITY PERLIO_LAYERS
PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
PERL_MALLOC_WRAP PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV USE_64_BIT_ALL
USE_64_BIT_INT USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES
USE_LOCALE USE_LOCALE_COLLATE USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC USE_PERLIO USE_PERL_ATOF
USE_REENTRANT_API USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
Locally applied patches:
Fedora Patch1: Removes date check, Fedora/RHEL specific
Fedora Patch3: support for libdir64
Fedora Patch4: use libresolv instead of libbind
Fedora Patch5: USE_MM_LD_RUN_PATH
Fedora Patch6: Skip hostname tests, due to builders not being network capable
Fedora Patch7: Dont run one io test due to random builder failures
Fedora Patch9: Fix find2perl to translate ? glob properly (RT#113054)
Fedora Patch10: Fix broken atof (RT#109318)
Fedora Patch13: Clear $@ before "do" I/O error (RT#113730)
Fedora Patch14: Do not truncate syscall() return value to 32 bits (RT#113980)
Fedora Patch15: Override the Pod::Simple::parse_file (CPANRT#77530)
Fedora Patch16: Do not leak with attribute on my variable (RT#114764)
Fedora Patch17: Allow operator after numeric keyword argument (RT#105924)
Fedora Patch18: Extend stack in File::Glob::glob, (RT#114984)
Fedora Patch19: Do not crash when vivifying $|
Fedora Patch20: Fix misparsing of maketext strings (CVE-2012-6329)
Fedora Patch21: Add NAME headings to CPAN modules (CPANRT#73396)
Fedora Patch22: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [1]
Fedora Patch23: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [2]
Fedora Patch24: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [3]
Fedora Patch25: Fix dead lock in PerlIO after fork from thread (RT#106212)
Fedora Patch26: Make regexp safe in a signal handler (RT#114878)
Fedora Patch27: Update h2ph(1) documentation (RT#117647)
Fedora Patch28: Update pod2html(1) documentation (RT#117623)
Fedora Patch29: Document Math::BigInt::CalcEmu requires Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#85015)
RHEL Patch30: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/crypt.t (RT#121591)
RHEL Patch31: Make *DBM_File desctructors thread-safe (RT#61912)
RHEL Patch32: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/taint.t (RT#123338)
RHEL Patch33: Remove CPU-speed-sensitive test in Benchmark test
RHEL Patch34: Make File::Glob work with threads again
RHEL Patch35: Fix CRLF conversion in ASCII FTP upload (CPAN RT#41642)
RHEL Patch36: Do not leak the temp utf8 copy of namepv (CPAN RT#123786)
RHEL Patch37: Fix duplicating PerlIO::encoding when spawning threads (RT#31923)
RHEL Patch38: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [1]
RHEL Patch39: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [2]
RHEL Patch40: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [3]
RHEL Patch41: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [4]
RHEL Patch42: Do not overload ".." in Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#80182)
RHEL Patch43: Fix CVE-2018-18311 Integer overflow leading to buffer overflow
Built under linux
Compiled at Jan 21 2019 22:09:19
@INC:
/usr/local/lib64/perl5
/usr/local/share/perl5
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/lib64/perl5
/usr/share/perl5
.
[mavridks@haswell-login ~]$
b) 在 gpu 节点上：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ perl -V
Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 16 subversion 3) configuration:
Platform:
osname=linux, osvers=3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64, archname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi
uname='linux x86-01.bsys.centos.org 3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64 #1 smp thu jan 25 20:13:58 utc 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 gnulinux '
config_args='-des -Doptimize=-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Dccdlflags=-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Dlddlflags=-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro -DDEBUGGING=-g -Dversion=5.16.3 -Dmyhostname=localhost -Dperladmin=root@localhost -Dcc=gcc -Dcf_by=Red Hat, Inc. -Dprefix=/usr -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl5 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib64/perl5 -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchlib=/usr/lib64/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl -Darchname=x86_64-linux-thread-multi -Dlibpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64 -Duseshrplib -Dusethreads -Duseithreads -Dusedtrace=/usr/bin/dtrace -Duselargefiles -Dd_semctl_semun -Di_db -Ui_ndbm -Di_gdbm -Di_shadow -Di_syslog -Dman3ext=3pm -Duseperlio -Dinstallusrbinperl=n -Ubincompat5005 -Uversiononly -Dpager=/usr/bin/less -isr -Dd_gethostent_r_proto -Ud_endhostent_r_proto -Ud_sethostent_r_proto -Ud_endprotoent_r_proto -Ud_setprotoent_r_proto -Ud_endservent_r_proto -Ud_setservent_r_proto -Dscriptdir=/usr/bin -Dusesitecustomize'
hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define
useithreads=define, usemultiplicity=define
useperlio=define, d_sfio=undef, uselargefiles=define, usesocks=undef
use64bitint=define, use64bitall=define, uselongdouble=undef
usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef
Compiler:
cc='gcc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64',
optimize='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic',
cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -fstack-protector -I/usr/local/include'
ccversion='', gccversion='4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)', gccosandvers=''
intsize=4, longsize=8, ptrsize=8, doublesize=8, byteorder=12345678
d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=16
ivtype='long', ivsize=8, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8
alignbytes=8, prototype=define
Linker and Libraries:
ld='gcc', ldflags =' -fstack-protector'
libpth=/usr/local/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64
libs=-lresolv -lnsl -lgdbm -ldb -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc -lgdbm_compat
perllibs=-lresolv -lnsl -ldl -lm -lcrypt -lutil -lpthread -lc
libc=, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so
gnulibc_version='2.17'
Dynamic Linking:
dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,--enable-new-dtags -Wl,-rpath,/usr/lib64/perl5/CORE'
cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wl,-z,relro '
Characteristics of this binary (from libperl):
Compile-time options: HAS_TIMES MULTIPLICITY PERLIO_LAYERS
PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
PERL_MALLOC_WRAP PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV USE_64_BIT_ALL
USE_64_BIT_INT USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES
USE_LOCALE USE_LOCALE_COLLATE USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC USE_PERLIO USE_PERL_ATOF
USE_REENTRANT_API USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
Locally applied patches:
Fedora Patch1: Removes date check, Fedora/RHEL specific
Fedora Patch3: support for libdir64
Fedora Patch4: use libresolv instead of libbind
Fedora Patch5: USE_MM_LD_RUN_PATH
Fedora Patch6: Skip hostname tests, due to builders not being network capable
Fedora Patch7: Dont run one io test due to random builder failures
Fedora Patch9: Fix find2perl to translate ? glob properly (RT#113054)
Fedora Patch10: Fix broken atof (RT#109318)
Fedora Patch13: Clear $@ before "do" I/O error (RT#113730)
Fedora Patch14: Do not truncate syscall() return value to 32 bits (RT#113980)
Fedora Patch15: Override the Pod::Simple::parse_file (CPANRT#77530)
Fedora Patch16: Do not leak with attribute on my variable (RT#114764)
Fedora Patch17: Allow operator after numeric keyword argument (RT#105924)
Fedora Patch18: Extend stack in File::Glob::glob, (RT#114984)
Fedora Patch19: Do not crash when vivifying $|
Fedora Patch20: Fix misparsing of maketext strings (CVE-2012-6329)
Fedora Patch21: Add NAME headings to CPAN modules (CPANRT#73396)
Fedora Patch22: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [1]
Fedora Patch23: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [2]
Fedora Patch24: Fix leaking tied hashes (RT#107000) [3]
Fedora Patch25: Fix dead lock in PerlIO after fork from thread (RT#106212)
Fedora Patch26: Make regexp safe in a signal handler (RT#114878)
Fedora Patch27: Update h2ph(1) documentation (RT#117647)
Fedora Patch28: Update pod2html(1) documentation (RT#117623)
Fedora Patch29: Document Math::BigInt::CalcEmu requires Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#85015)
RHEL Patch30: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/crypt.t (RT#121591)
RHEL Patch31: Make *DBM_File desctructors thread-safe (RT#61912)
RHEL Patch32: Use stronger algorithm needed for FIPS in t/op/taint.t (RT#123338)
RHEL Patch33: Remove CPU-speed-sensitive test in Benchmark test
RHEL Patch34: Make File::Glob work with threads again
RHEL Patch35: Fix CRLF conversion in ASCII FTP upload (CPAN RT#41642)
RHEL Patch36: Do not leak the temp utf8 copy of namepv (CPAN RT#123786)
RHEL Patch37: Fix duplicating PerlIO::encoding when spawning threads (RT#31923)
RHEL Patch38: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [1]
RHEL Patch39: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [2]
RHEL Patch40: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [3]
RHEL Patch41: Add SSL support to Net::SMTP (CPAN RT#93823) [4]
RHEL Patch42: Do not overload ".." in Math::BigInt (CPAN RT#80182)
Built under linux
Compiled at Oct 30 2018 18:59:43
@INC:
/usr/local/lib64/perl5
/usr/local/share/perl5
/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl
/usr/lib64/perl5
/usr/share/perl5
.
然后连接到一个GPU节点。看来我们仍然有相同的 perl:
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ whereis perl perl: /usr/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
但现在 Data/Dumber 已不复存在（运行ning perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'）：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .).
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.
然后IT部门建议加载perl模块；服务器建立在模块系统上，所有组都可以将软件作为模块加载（在路径中附加正确的文件 - 这是使用的系统 https://lmod.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#overview）。所以，如果我们 运行 模块加载 Perl，我们有：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ whereis perl perl: /usr/bin/perl /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl /usr/share/man/man1/perl.1.gz
这意味着我们已经改变了一些东西（我可以说使用的分布吗？）。但现在我们有：
[mavridks@haswell-179 ~]$ perl -MData::Dumper -E 'say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"}'
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Data/Dumper.pm
这意味着我们在系统上有 Data/Dumper。
最后，还需要将所有 autotools 作为一个模块加载。然后，似乎 autogen.sh 脚本的执行正在从系统中寻找 perl 模块（来自登录而不是 gpu 的模块）但当然找不到它们。
[mavridks@haswell-179 dssp-2.3.0]$ ./autogen.sh 在@INC 中找不到 Data/Dumper.pm（@INC 包含：/hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) 在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm 第 33 行. BEGIN 失败——编译在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/share/autoconf/Autom4te/C4che.pm 第 33 行中止。 在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te 第 37 行的 require 中编译失败。 BEGIN 失败——编译在 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Autoconf/2.69-GCC-4.8.4/bin/autom4te 第 37 行中止。 aclocal：错误：回显失败，退出状态：2
您安装了两个 perl 版本。
/usr/bin/perl, v5.16.3[1]/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl, v5.30.0[2]
我将它们分别命名为“系统 perl”和“模块化 perl”。
- 系统
perl没有安装Data::Dumper。[3] - 模块化
perl确实安装了 Data::Dumper。[4]
whereis 在您的 PATH 中仅显示系统 perl，但后面的命令显示 perl 调用模块 perl。所以要么 perl 是模块化 perl,[5] 的别名，要么你 运行 你在不同环境中的测试（即你的 PATH 改变了） .
设置PERL5LIB合适吗?
在某一时刻，您将环境变量 PERL5LIB 设置为 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/lib/perl5/5.30.0。这是不合适的。
这对于系统 perl 是不正确的。[6]
这对于模块化 perl 是不必要的。这是多余的。[7]
为什么系统perl没有安装Data::Dumper？
Perl 有一些自带的模块。实际上，只要 Perl 中存在对模块的支持，它就包括 Data::Dumper。 Data::Dumper 应该始终可用。
但是，某些 linux 发行版将 Perl 拆分为多个包。在 CentOS 7 中 perl(Data::Dumper) package 中似乎找到了 Data::Dumper。
因此解决方案是安装该软件包。
因为Data::Dumper是dual-lived，也可以从CPAN安装。这不需要任何特殊权限。也就是说，我通常建议在本地安装 perl 而不是搞乱系统 perl。看来你已经有了这样的 Perl。这将我们带到下一个 sub-answer.
如果我想使用模块化perl怎么办？
我不确定。
一个快速的实验让我相信这可以通过简单地将模块 perl 放在路径 /usr/bin.
export PATH="/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin:$PATH"
或者，快速实验表明以下两种方法也有效：
./configure PERL=/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl
PERL=/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl ./configure
如果这些都不起作用，可以作为一个单独的问题提出。
如果我不同意这个答案中的某些内容怎么办？
我的一些陈述是猜测。例如，您的问题中没有任何地方提到 /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl 。如果您认为我犯了错误，请提供以下命令的输出（parens 和所有）：
(
echo 'System perl:'
/usr/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'
PERL5LIB= /usr/bin/perl -e'CORE::say for @INC'
echo
echo "Data::Dumper in system perl?"
PERL5LIB= /usr/bin/perl -e'
use Data::Dumper;
CORE::say $Data::Dumper::VERSION;
CORE::say INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"};
'
echo
echo 'Modular perl:'
/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'
PERL5LIB= /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'CORE::say for @INC'
echo
echo "Data::Dumper in modular perl?"
PERL5LIB= /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'
use Data::Dumper;
CORE::say $Data::Dumper::VERSION;
CORE::say $INC{"Data/Dumper.pm"};
'
echo
echo 'Perl env vars:'
perl -e'CORE::say "$_: $ENV{$_}" for grep /^PERL/, keys(%ENV)'
echo
echo 'type perl:'
type perl
)
脚注。
这可以使用
来验证/usr/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'这可以使用
来验证/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -v | grep 'This is'这可以使用
来验证/usr/bin/perl -e'use Data::Dumper;'这可以使用
来验证/hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'use Data::Dumper;'在某些 shell 中（包括
来验证dash、bash和ksh），可以使用type perl这就是导致
Perl lib version (5.30.0) doesn't match executable '/usr/bin/perl' version (5.16.3)的原因。这可以使用
来验证PERL5LIB= /hits/sw/shared/apps/Perl/5.30.0-GCCcore-8.3.0/bin/perl -e'CORE::say for @INC;'