使用 plsql 在另一个 json 对象 json 对象中追加或附加一个 json 对象
Append or attach a json object inside another json object json object with plsql
大家好，我有一个问题需要解决：
我怎样才能将一些 json 对象附加到另一个 json 数组对象中？
下面这个例子：
create table departments_json (
department_id integer not null primary key,
department_data blob not null
);
alter table departments_json
add constraint dept_data_json
check ( department_data is json );
insert into departments_json
json values ( 110, utl_raw.cast_to_raw ( '{
"department": "Accounting",
"employees": [
{
"name": "Higgins, Shelley",
"job": "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Gietz, William",
"job": "Public Accountant",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}' ));
select department_id, utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(department_data)
from departments_json
where department_id = 110;
我知道了：
现在我还有这个 json:
{
"employees": [
{
"name": "Chen, John",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job": "Finance Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}
我需要附加第一个 json 对象中的新 3 对象，以具有如下内容：
有人可以帮忙吗？我没有得到正确的方法。
我使用本教程尝试了一些东西 LINK，但没有。
如果您有示例数据（存储为 CLOB）：
create table departments_json (
department_id
integer
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__id__pk PRIMARY KEY,
department_data
CLOB
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__data__chk CHECK ( department_data IS JSON )
);
insert into departments_json
json values ( 110, '{
"department": "Accounting",
"employees": [
{
"name": "Higgins, Shelley",
"job": "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Gietz, William",
"job": "Public Accountant",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}'
);
然后你可以使用JSON_MERGEPATCH加入它们（如果你先聚合现有值和新值）：
WITH employees ( json ) AS (
SELECT j.json
FROM departments_json d
CROSS APPLY JSON_TABLE(
d.department_data,
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
WHERE d.department_id = 110
UNION ALL
SELECT j.json
FROM JSON_TABLE(
'{
"employees": [
{
"name": "Chen, John",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job": "Finance Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}',
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
)
SELECT JSON_MERGEPATCH(
department_data,
(
SELECT JSON_OBJECT(
KEY 'employees'
VALUE JSON_ARRAYAGG( json FORMAT JSON RETURNING CLOB )
FORMAT JSON
)
FROM employees
)
RETURNING CLOB PRETTY
) AS merged
FROM departments_json
WHERE department_id = 110;
输出：
MERGED
-----------------------------------------
{
"department" : "Accounting",
"employees" : [
{
"name" : "Higgins, Shelley",
"job" : "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate" : "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name" : "Gietz, William",
"job" : "Public Accountant",
"hireDate" : "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name" : "Chen, John",
"job" : "Accountant",
"hireDate" : "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name" : "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job" : "Finance Manager",
"hireDate" : "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name" : "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job" : "Accountant",
"hireDate" : "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}
db<>fiddle here
更新
如果您使用的是 BLOB 列，那么您可以使用完全相同的代码。如果您想在 UPDATE 或 INSERT 语句中使用它，那么您将需要一种方法将 CLOB 输出从 JSON_MERGEPATCH 转换为 BLOB。不要使用 UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_RAW，因为如果 JSON 的长度大于 4000 个字符，它将失败；相反，您可以使用函数：
CREATE FUNCTION clob_to_blob(
value IN CLOB,
charset_id IN INTEGER DEFAULT DBMS_LOB.DEFAULT_CSID,
error_on_warning IN NUMBER DEFAULT 0
) RETURN BLOB
IS
result BLOB;
dest_offset INTEGER := 1;
src_offset INTEGER := 1;
lang_context INTEGER := DBMS_LOB.DEFAULT_LANG_CTX;
warning INTEGER;
warning_msg VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
DBMS_LOB.CreateTemporary(
lob_loc => result,
cache => TRUE
);
DBMS_LOB.CONVERTTOBLOB(
dest_lob => result,
src_clob => value,
amount => LENGTH( value ),
dest_offset => dest_offset,
src_offset => src_offset,
blob_csid => charset_id,
lang_context => lang_context,
warning => warning
);
IF warning != DBMS_LOB.NO_WARNING THEN
IF warning = DBMS_LOB.WARN_INCONVERTIBLE_CHAR THEN
warning_msg := 'Warning: Inconvertible character.';
ELSE
warning_msg := 'Warning: (' || warning || ') during CLOB conversion.';
END IF;
IF error_on_warning = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( warning_msg );
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(
-20567, -- random value between -20000 and -20999
warning_msg
);
END IF;
END IF;
RETURN result;
END clob_to_blob;
/
然后，如果您有 table 和示例数据：
create table departments_json (
department_id
integer
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__id__pk PRIMARY KEY,
department_data
BLOB
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__data__chk CHECK ( department_data IS JSON )
);
insert into departments_json
json values (
110,
CLOB_TO_BLOB(
'{
"department": "Accounting",
"employees": [
{
"name": "Higgins, Shelley",
"job": "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Gietz, William",
"job": "Public Accountant",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}'
)
);
然后，要使用附加值更新列，您可以使用：
UPDATE departments_json
SET department_data = CLOB_TO_BLOB( JSON_MERGEPATCH(
department_data,
(
SELECT JSON_OBJECT(
KEY 'employees'
VALUE JSON_ARRAYAGG( json FORMAT JSON RETURNING CLOB )
FORMAT JSON
)
FROM (
SELECT j.json
FROM departments_json d
CROSS APPLY JSON_TABLE(
d.department_data,
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
WHERE d.department_id = 110
UNION ALL
SELECT j.json
FROM JSON_TABLE(
'{
"employees": [
{
"name": "Chen, John",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job": "Finance Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}',
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
)
)
RETURNING CLOB PRETTY
) )
WHERE department_id = 110;
db<>fiddle here
大家好，我有一个问题需要解决： 我怎样才能将一些 json 对象附加到另一个 json 数组对象中？
下面这个例子：
create table departments_json (
department_id integer not null primary key,
department_data blob not null
);
alter table departments_json
add constraint dept_data_json
check ( department_data is json );
insert into departments_json
json values ( 110, utl_raw.cast_to_raw ( '{
"department": "Accounting",
"employees": [
{
"name": "Higgins, Shelley",
"job": "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Gietz, William",
"job": "Public Accountant",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}' ));
select department_id, utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(department_data)
from departments_json
where department_id = 110;
我知道了：
现在我还有这个 json:
{
"employees": [
{
"name": "Chen, John",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job": "Finance Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}
我需要附加第一个 json 对象中的新 3 对象，以具有如下内容：
有人可以帮忙吗？我没有得到正确的方法。
我使用本教程尝试了一些东西 LINK，但没有。
如果您有示例数据（存储为 CLOB）：
create table departments_json (
department_id
integer
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__id__pk PRIMARY KEY,
department_data
CLOB
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__data__chk CHECK ( department_data IS JSON )
);
insert into departments_json
json values ( 110, '{
"department": "Accounting",
"employees": [
{
"name": "Higgins, Shelley",
"job": "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Gietz, William",
"job": "Public Accountant",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}'
);
然后你可以使用JSON_MERGEPATCH加入它们（如果你先聚合现有值和新值）：
WITH employees ( json ) AS (
SELECT j.json
FROM departments_json d
CROSS APPLY JSON_TABLE(
d.department_data,
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
WHERE d.department_id = 110
UNION ALL
SELECT j.json
FROM JSON_TABLE(
'{
"employees": [
{
"name": "Chen, John",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job": "Finance Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}',
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
)
SELECT JSON_MERGEPATCH(
department_data,
(
SELECT JSON_OBJECT(
KEY 'employees'
VALUE JSON_ARRAYAGG( json FORMAT JSON RETURNING CLOB )
FORMAT JSON
)
FROM employees
)
RETURNING CLOB PRETTY
) AS merged
FROM departments_json
WHERE department_id = 110;
输出：
MERGED ----------------------------------------- { "department" : "Accounting", "employees" : [ { "name" : "Higgins, Shelley", "job" : "Accounting Manager", "hireDate" : "2002-06-07T00:00:00" }, { "name" : "Gietz, William", "job" : "Public Accountant", "hireDate" : "2002-06-07T00:00:00" }, { "name" : "Chen, John", "job" : "Accountant", "hireDate" : "2005-09-28T00:00:00" }, { "name" : "Greenberg, Nancy", "job" : "Finance Manager", "hireDate" : "2002-08-17T00:00:00" }, { "name" : "Urman, Jose Manuel", "job" : "Accountant", "hireDate" : "2006-03-07T00:00:00" } ] }
db<>fiddle here
更新
如果您使用的是 BLOB 列，那么您可以使用完全相同的代码。如果您想在 UPDATE 或 INSERT 语句中使用它，那么您将需要一种方法将 CLOB 输出从 JSON_MERGEPATCH 转换为 BLOB。不要使用 UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_RAW，因为如果 JSON 的长度大于 4000 个字符，它将失败；相反，您可以使用函数：
CREATE FUNCTION clob_to_blob(
value IN CLOB,
charset_id IN INTEGER DEFAULT DBMS_LOB.DEFAULT_CSID,
error_on_warning IN NUMBER DEFAULT 0
) RETURN BLOB
IS
result BLOB;
dest_offset INTEGER := 1;
src_offset INTEGER := 1;
lang_context INTEGER := DBMS_LOB.DEFAULT_LANG_CTX;
warning INTEGER;
warning_msg VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
DBMS_LOB.CreateTemporary(
lob_loc => result,
cache => TRUE
);
DBMS_LOB.CONVERTTOBLOB(
dest_lob => result,
src_clob => value,
amount => LENGTH( value ),
dest_offset => dest_offset,
src_offset => src_offset,
blob_csid => charset_id,
lang_context => lang_context,
warning => warning
);
IF warning != DBMS_LOB.NO_WARNING THEN
IF warning = DBMS_LOB.WARN_INCONVERTIBLE_CHAR THEN
warning_msg := 'Warning: Inconvertible character.';
ELSE
warning_msg := 'Warning: (' || warning || ') during CLOB conversion.';
END IF;
IF error_on_warning = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( warning_msg );
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(
-20567, -- random value between -20000 and -20999
warning_msg
);
END IF;
END IF;
RETURN result;
END clob_to_blob;
/
然后，如果您有 table 和示例数据：
create table departments_json (
department_id
integer
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__id__pk PRIMARY KEY,
department_data
BLOB
NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT departments_json__data__chk CHECK ( department_data IS JSON )
);
insert into departments_json
json values (
110,
CLOB_TO_BLOB(
'{
"department": "Accounting",
"employees": [
{
"name": "Higgins, Shelley",
"job": "Accounting Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Gietz, William",
"job": "Public Accountant",
"hireDate": "2002-06-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}'
)
);
然后，要使用附加值更新列，您可以使用：
UPDATE departments_json
SET department_data = CLOB_TO_BLOB( JSON_MERGEPATCH(
department_data,
(
SELECT JSON_OBJECT(
KEY 'employees'
VALUE JSON_ARRAYAGG( json FORMAT JSON RETURNING CLOB )
FORMAT JSON
)
FROM (
SELECT j.json
FROM departments_json d
CROSS APPLY JSON_TABLE(
d.department_data,
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
WHERE d.department_id = 110
UNION ALL
SELECT j.json
FROM JSON_TABLE(
'{
"employees": [
{
"name": "Chen, John",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2005-09-28T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Greenberg, Nancy",
"job": "Finance Manager",
"hireDate": "2002-08-17T00:00:00"
},
{
"name": "Urman, Jose Manuel",
"job": "Accountant",
"hireDate": "2006-03-07T00:00:00"
}
]
}',
'$.employees[*]'
COLUMNS (
json CLOB FORMAT JSON PATH '$'
)
) j
)
)
RETURNING CLOB PRETTY
) )
WHERE department_id = 110;
db<>fiddle here