使用 UIScrollView 和 AutoLayout 以编程方式创建控制器未正确调整视图大小

Programmatically creating controller with UIScrollView and AutoLayout is not sizing the views properly

我正在尝试以编程方式创建一个视图控制器,它将以可滚动的方式布置子视图。我正在尝试将 AutoLayout 与 UIScrollView 一起使用,并已阅读所有这方面的技术说明和 SO 答案。但我无法做到这一点 - 似乎我在这里缺少的 creation/usage 或 UIScrollView 有一些细微差别。

我的代码在下面,我看到的输出也显示在下面的图片中。

我的期望是我会看到占据整个屏幕的棕色和绿色条纹(子视图)。我知道我必须指定子视图的高度,但我不明白为什么水平尺寸调整不起作用。如果我不指定水平尺寸,我希望我的子视图被拉伸并占据屏幕的宽度,但它并没有这样做。

这是我的控制器的代码。

class ScrollableRowHeadersViewController : UIViewController {

var scrollView : UIScrollView!

override func loadView() {
    self.view = UIView(frame: CGRectZero)
    scrollView = UIScrollView()
    scrollView.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)
    self.view.addSubview(scrollView)
    scrollView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()
    self.view.addVisualConstraint("H:|-0-[scrollView]-0-|", viewsDict: ["scrollView" : scrollView])
    self.view.addVisualConstraint("V:|-0-[scrollView]-0-|", viewsDict: ["scrollView" : scrollView])
    self.view.contentMode = UIViewContentMode.Redraw
}

//load all the subviews after the main view and scrollview loaded.
override func viewDidLoad() {
    var viewsDict = [String: UIView]()
    var vertical_constraints = "V:|"
    scrollView.autoresizesSubviews = true

    for i in 1...100 {
        var subview = UIView()
        subview.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)
        subview.backgroundColor = (i%2 == 0 ? UIColor.brownColor() : UIColor.greenColor())
        viewsDict["subview_\(i)"] = subview
        self.scrollView.addSubview(subview)
        vertical_constraints += "[subview_\(i)(==50)]"
        self.scrollView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|[subview_\(i)]|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(0), metrics: nil, views: viewsDict))
    }

    vertical_constraints += "|"
    self.scrollView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat(vertical_constraints, options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(0), metrics: nil, views: viewsDict))
}

}

这是水平约束设置为 H:|[subview_(i)]|

的输出

这是水平约束设置为 H:|[subview_(i)(==100)]|

的输出

无论哪种情况,我都希望在整个屏幕宽度上看到交替出现的棕色和绿色条纹。

我错过了什么?在此先感谢您的帮助。

在滚动视图中,“|”指的是 contentView,而不是滚动视图,所以通过将子视图设置为 100,你告诉 contentView 为 100 点宽(同样在你的第一种情况下,因为你没有设置宽度,你得到一个 0 宽度的 contentView)。你应该这样做,

self.scrollView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|[subview_\(i)(==width)]|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(0), metrics:["width": self.scrollView.frame.size.width], views: viewsDict))

经过更多的痛苦和仔细阅读,这种行为的原因和答案变得更加清晰。它在 this SO question 中也有很好的描述。我希望技术说明更英文,但@rdelmar 和@Rob 解释得非常清楚“contentView 的约束用于设置 scrollView 的 contentSize”。

这是修改后的代码和结果(我认为这是正确的解决方案)。我的视图层次结构现在是这样的: ViewController -> UIView (mainView) -> UIScrollVIew -> UIView (contentView) -> UIViews (子视图)

contentView 和 mainView 之间存在额外的宽度限制。此外,所有子视图都添加到contentView而不是直接添加到scrollView。

class ScrollableRowHeadersViewController : UIViewController {

var scrollView : UIScrollView!
var contentView : UIView!

override func loadView() {
    super.loadView()
    self.view = UIView(frame: CGRectZero)
    scrollView = UIScrollView(frame:CGRectZero)
    scrollView.sizeToFit()
    scrollView.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)
    self.view.addSubview(scrollView)
    scrollView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()

    contentView = UIView()
    contentView.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)
    contentView.backgroundColor = UIColor.redColor()
    scrollView.addSubview(contentView)

    self.view.addVisualConstraint("H:|-0-[scrollView]-0-|", viewsDict: ["scrollView" : scrollView])
    self.view.addVisualConstraint("V:|-0-[scrollView]-0-|", viewsDict: ["scrollView" : scrollView])

    self.view.addVisualConstraint("H:|[contentView]|", viewsDict: ["contentView" : contentView])
    self.view.addVisualConstraint("V:|[contentView]|", viewsDict: ["contentView" : contentView])

    //make the width of content view to be the same as that of the containing view.
    self.view.addVisualConstraint("H:[contentView(==mainView)]", viewsDict: ["contentView" : contentView, "mainView" : self.view])

    self.view.contentMode = UIViewContentMode.Redraw
}

//load all the subviews after the main view and scrollview loaded.
override func viewDidLoad() {
    var viewsDict = [String: UIView]()
    viewsDict["contentView"] = contentView
    viewsDict["super"] = self.view
    var vertical_constraints = "V:|"

    for i in 1...50 {
        var subview = UIView()
        subview.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)
        subview.backgroundColor = (i%2 == 0 ? UIColor.brownColor() : UIColor.greenColor())
        viewsDict["subview_\(i)"] = subview
        contentView.addSubview(subview)

        vertical_constraints += "[subview_\(i)(==50)]"
        self.contentView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|[subview_\(i)]|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(0), metrics: nil, views: viewsDict))
    }

    vertical_constraints += "|"
    self.contentView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat(vertical_constraints, options: NSLayoutFormatOptions.AlignAllLeft, metrics: nil, views: viewsDict))
}

}

这是我预期的输出: