如何在构建 R 包时向导出的数据添加列表？
How to add a list to exported data when building up R packages?
我在 my_package/data 中将两个列表保存为“.RData”，并将它们的文档保存在 /R 中。但是安装后，我无法加载这两个列表，但它显示了帮助文档。
是否可以导出 R 包中的列表？或者只是能够矩阵或类似的东西。我对“一个 .Rdata 文件中的一个对象”感到困惑
Hadley 的在线书籍 R Packages (and particularly the chapter on data) 在描述如何包含数据方面做了更详尽的工作，但我将介绍如何使任意对象在包中有用。
前期：
- 一个拥有 私有 数据（无需更改即可访问 same-package 函数，使用
::: 在包外访问）和 public 数据（内部函数和任何加载包的人都可用的数据，可选 lazy-loaded）
- public数据存放在
./mypackage/data/目录下，要使用*.rda 扩展名 (*.Rdata) 不起作用；一个常见的约定（为了 version-control、方便、可维护性）虽然不是严格的要求，但每个 .rda 文件一个对象，并命名为对象名称；下面，我将 mypubliclist 存储在 ./mypackage/data/mypubliclist.rda;
- private数据应该全部保存在一个文件中，
./mypackage/R/sysdata.rda.
这是一个示例包（我正在使用 devtools，但还有其他方法可以这样做）：
devtools::create("~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage")
# v Creating 'C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/'
# v Setting active project to 'C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage'
# v Creating 'R/'
# v Writing 'DESCRIPTION'
# Package: mypackage
# Title: What the Package Does (One Line, Title Case)
# Version: 0.0.0.9000
# Authors@R (parsed):
# * First Last <first.last@example.com> [aut, cre] (YOUR-ORCID-ID)
# Description: What the package does (one paragraph).
# License: `use_mit_license()`, `use_gpl3_license()` or friends to pick a
# license
# Encoding: UTF-8
# LazyData: true
# Roxygen: list(markdown = TRUE)
# RoxygenNote: 7.1.1
# v Writing 'NAMESPACE'
# v Changing working directory to 'C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/'
我写了一个小脚本 ./data-raw/mylist.R 来创建一些随机数据。此文件仅用于重现性，在包生产或加载期间不会引用它。
set.seed(42) # R-4.0.2
myprivatelist <- list(a = sample.int(10), b = sample.int(1e5))
mypubliclist <- list(a=1:10, b=11:20)
save(mypubliclist, file="~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/data/mypubliclist.rda")
save(myprivatelist, file="~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/R/sysdata.rda")
我还创建了一个 R 文件 ./mypackage/R/data.R（您可以任意命名此文件，但它必须位于 ./mypackage/R 下）以包含这些列表的简单文档：
#' My private list
#' @format list with random numbers
"myprivatelist"
#' My public list
#' @format list with not-so-random numbers
"mypubliclist"
现在生成文档：
devtools::document("C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage")
# Updating mypackage documentation
# Loading mypackage
# Writing myprivatelist.Rd
# Writing mypubliclist.Rd
我将构建包，重新启动 R，安装然后加载数据集。
devtools::build("~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage")
# v checking for file 'C:\Users\r2\Whosebug489611\mypackage/DESCRIPTION'
# - preparing 'mypackage':
# v checking DESCRIPTION meta-information
# - checking for LF line-endings in source and make files and shell scripts
# - checking for empty or unneeded directories
# NB: this package now depends on R (>= 3.5.0)
# WARNING: Added dependency on R >= 3.5.0 because serialized objects in serialize/load version 3 cannot be read in older versions of R. File(s) containing such objects: 'mypackage/R/sysdata.rda' 'mypackage/data/mypubliclist.rda'
# - building 'mypackage_0.0.0.9000.tar.gz'
#
# [1] "C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage_0.0.0.9000.tar.gz"
## restart R
install.packages("C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage_0.0.0.9000.tar.gz")
# Installing package into 'C:/Users/r2/R/win-library/4.0'
# (as 'lib' is unspecified)
# inferring 'repos = NULL' from 'pkgs'
# * installing *source* package 'mypackage' ...
# ** using staged installation
# ** R
# ** data
# *** moving datasets to lazyload DB
# ** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
# ** help
# *** installing help indices
# converting help for package 'mypackage'
# finding HTML links ... done
# myprivatelist html
# mypubliclist html
# ** building package indices
# ** testing if installed package can be loaded from temporary location
# *** arch - i386
# *** arch - x64
# ** testing if installed package can be loaded from final location
# *** arch - i386
# *** arch - x64
# ** testing if installed package keeps a record of temporary installation path
# * DONE (mypackage)
让我们看看是什么起作用了：
str(mypubliclist)
# Error in str(mypubliclist) : object 'mypubliclist' not found
# x
# 1. \-utils::str(mypubliclist)
library(mypackage)
str(mypubliclist)
# List of 2
# $ a: int [1:10] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
# $ b: int [1:10] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
str(myprivatelist)
# Error in str(myprivatelist) : object 'myprivatelist' not found
# x
# 1. \-utils::str(myprivatelist)
str(mypackage:::myprivatelist)
# List of 2
# $ a: int [1:10] 1 5 10 8 2 4 6 9 7 3
# $ b: int [1:100000] 47128 16740 61605 73236 9091 62041 33700 59359 54789 54586 ...
及其文档，如果您感兴趣的话。 （我使用 print 因为否则它会在另一个窗格中弹出；这只是将它转储到控制台。）
print(help("mypubliclist"))
# mypubliclist package:mypackage R Documentation
# My public list
# Description:
# My public list
# Usage:
# mypubliclist
#
# Format:
# list with not-so-random numbers
print(help("myprivatelist"))
# myprivatelist package:mypackage R Documentation
# My private list
# Description:
# My private list
# Usage:
# myprivatelist
#
# Format:
# list with random numbers
我在 my_package/data 中将两个列表保存为“.RData”，并将它们的文档保存在 /R 中。但是安装后，我无法加载这两个列表，但它显示了帮助文档。 是否可以导出 R 包中的列表？或者只是能够矩阵或类似的东西。我对“一个 .Rdata 文件中的一个对象”感到困惑
Hadley 的在线书籍 R Packages (and particularly the chapter on data) 在描述如何包含数据方面做了更详尽的工作，但我将介绍如何使任意对象在包中有用。
前期：
- 一个拥有 私有 数据（无需更改即可访问 same-package 函数，使用
:::在包外访问）和 public 数据（内部函数和任何加载包的人都可用的数据，可选 lazy-loaded） - public数据存放在
./mypackage/data/目录下，要使用*.rda扩展名 (*.Rdata) 不起作用；一个常见的约定（为了 version-control、方便、可维护性）虽然不是严格的要求，但每个.rda文件一个对象，并命名为对象名称；下面，我将mypubliclist存储在./mypackage/data/mypubliclist.rda; - private数据应该全部保存在一个文件中，
./mypackage/R/sysdata.rda.
这是一个示例包（我正在使用 devtools，但还有其他方法可以这样做）：
devtools::create("~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage")
# v Creating 'C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/'
# v Setting active project to 'C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage'
# v Creating 'R/'
# v Writing 'DESCRIPTION'
# Package: mypackage
# Title: What the Package Does (One Line, Title Case)
# Version: 0.0.0.9000
# Authors@R (parsed):
# * First Last <first.last@example.com> [aut, cre] (YOUR-ORCID-ID)
# Description: What the package does (one paragraph).
# License: `use_mit_license()`, `use_gpl3_license()` or friends to pick a
# license
# Encoding: UTF-8
# LazyData: true
# Roxygen: list(markdown = TRUE)
# RoxygenNote: 7.1.1
# v Writing 'NAMESPACE'
# v Changing working directory to 'C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/'
我写了一个小脚本 ./data-raw/mylist.R 来创建一些随机数据。此文件仅用于重现性，在包生产或加载期间不会引用它。
set.seed(42) # R-4.0.2
myprivatelist <- list(a = sample.int(10), b = sample.int(1e5))
mypubliclist <- list(a=1:10, b=11:20)
save(mypubliclist, file="~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/data/mypubliclist.rda")
save(myprivatelist, file="~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage/R/sysdata.rda")
我还创建了一个 R 文件 ./mypackage/R/data.R（您可以任意命名此文件，但它必须位于 ./mypackage/R 下）以包含这些列表的简单文档：
#' My private list
#' @format list with random numbers
"myprivatelist"
#' My public list
#' @format list with not-so-random numbers
"mypubliclist"
现在生成文档：
devtools::document("C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage")
# Updating mypackage documentation
# Loading mypackage
# Writing myprivatelist.Rd
# Writing mypubliclist.Rd
我将构建包，重新启动 R，安装然后加载数据集。
devtools::build("~/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage")
# v checking for file 'C:\Users\r2\Whosebug489611\mypackage/DESCRIPTION'
# - preparing 'mypackage':
# v checking DESCRIPTION meta-information
# - checking for LF line-endings in source and make files and shell scripts
# - checking for empty or unneeded directories
# NB: this package now depends on R (>= 3.5.0)
# WARNING: Added dependency on R >= 3.5.0 because serialized objects in serialize/load version 3 cannot be read in older versions of R. File(s) containing such objects: 'mypackage/R/sysdata.rda' 'mypackage/data/mypubliclist.rda'
# - building 'mypackage_0.0.0.9000.tar.gz'
#
# [1] "C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage_0.0.0.9000.tar.gz"
## restart R
install.packages("C:/Users/r2/Whosebug/14489611/mypackage_0.0.0.9000.tar.gz")
# Installing package into 'C:/Users/r2/R/win-library/4.0'
# (as 'lib' is unspecified)
# inferring 'repos = NULL' from 'pkgs'
# * installing *source* package 'mypackage' ...
# ** using staged installation
# ** R
# ** data
# *** moving datasets to lazyload DB
# ** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
# ** help
# *** installing help indices
# converting help for package 'mypackage'
# finding HTML links ... done
# myprivatelist html
# mypubliclist html
# ** building package indices
# ** testing if installed package can be loaded from temporary location
# *** arch - i386
# *** arch - x64
# ** testing if installed package can be loaded from final location
# *** arch - i386
# *** arch - x64
# ** testing if installed package keeps a record of temporary installation path
# * DONE (mypackage)
让我们看看是什么起作用了：
str(mypubliclist)
# Error in str(mypubliclist) : object 'mypubliclist' not found
# x
# 1. \-utils::str(mypubliclist)
library(mypackage)
str(mypubliclist)
# List of 2
# $ a: int [1:10] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
# $ b: int [1:10] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
str(myprivatelist)
# Error in str(myprivatelist) : object 'myprivatelist' not found
# x
# 1. \-utils::str(myprivatelist)
str(mypackage:::myprivatelist)
# List of 2
# $ a: int [1:10] 1 5 10 8 2 4 6 9 7 3
# $ b: int [1:100000] 47128 16740 61605 73236 9091 62041 33700 59359 54789 54586 ...
及其文档，如果您感兴趣的话。 （我使用 print 因为否则它会在另一个窗格中弹出；这只是将它转储到控制台。）
print(help("mypubliclist"))
# mypubliclist package:mypackage R Documentation
# My public list
# Description:
# My public list
# Usage:
# mypubliclist
#
# Format:
# list with not-so-random numbers
print(help("myprivatelist"))
# myprivatelist package:mypackage R Documentation
# My private list
# Description:
# My private list
# Usage:
# myprivatelist
#
# Format:
# list with random numbers